and means to make existing laws of the country in conformity with the Islamic principles. The Constitution of 1973 remained in force to nearly four years. It was, however, suspended by General Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq, who imposed Martial Law in the country on July 5, 1979. However, General Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq who ran the country with Martial Law passed the Eighth Amendment in the Constitution in 1985. This Amendment empowered the President to dissolve the National Assembly under Article 58(2) b. This
Terms like ‘democracy’ and ‘dictatorship’ are more often than not misinterpreted and misapplied. A crystal clear understanding of these terms is then clouded by any contextual inferences or personal biases that individuals concerned may attach to them. This in turn is dangerous as individuals associated with either phenomena are in threat of being enclosed in boxes of stereotypes – shielding us from the bigger picture. The ‘democracy vs. dictatorship’ debate merely becomes a noisy squabble arguing
Salman Ahmed Rushdie is an eminent postcolonial diasporic writer of Indian origin. He was born in a Muslim family in 1947, the year India became free from the clutches of the colonial rule. The novelist and essayist of international repute, Rushdie, started his writing with the fictional work Grimus (1975). His second novel Midnights’ Children (1981) won the Booker’s Prize. The text focuses on the simultaneous independence and partition of the two nations. He came into thick of controversies because
“Dictatorship or democracy?” it is a popular question, or rather a debate going all around this country especially in media talks. These two are the form of government, and both of them have ruled Pakistan separately. Most of the people in Pakistan consider democracy the best form of the regime, but few believe the other way round. They intend that way because dictatorship has been the most successful type of government until now, but the disadvantage of this type of government is that it gives
Civic Education in Pakistan Pakistan is a post-colonial nation-state. Since 1947 this large Muslim nation has not been able to introduce a liberal democratic model of civic education in its schools that could have promoted democratic values, tolerance, gender equality and civic participation skills. Several factors are responsible for impeding the progress in civic education: a garrison culture, the Cold War exigencies, religious extremism, and feudalism. Introduction Like most post-colonial
The term sect was used in sociology of religious, which means to select specific kind of religious group and, that particular-kind of religious group is known as sect (Khan and Chaudhry 2011:74). In sectarianism an individual or groups stick to a specific sect or religion to develop the sensation of self-righteousness and assume the manner of intolerance towards other communities of the same religion. (Afzal et al.2012:19). In sectarianism, an individual or the community strict to religion in such
has split into several factions with one following Ayub Khan, called the Conventional Muslim League and the one in its opposition called Council Muslim League. while the other factions were also involved in supporting the presidential regimes of Zia ul Haq in 1980s, and the recent regime of Pervez Musharraf in 2000s. Hence, Pakistan Muslim League started being referred to several political parties in the country.
Syed Mansoor Hussain is a columnist in “Daily Times”, a Pakistani newspaper. He has practiced and taught medicine in the US. This article, “Proud to be a Punjabi” was published in the Daily Times on the fifth of February, 2014. In the article, the author has described the role and significance of Punjab in the history of Pakistan. In addition to this, he has tried to prove that Punjab is not responsible for everything bad happening in the other provinces. The author has described the role of Punjab