MLX-NLC gel stored at different temperature and humidity conditions (Table 1) were evaluated for any changes in particle size, PI, zeta potential, and drug content at 30, 60, 90 days time points to assess the effect of storage conditions on the stability as a function of time.
The particle size was monitored at regular time intervals during storage to assess particle aggregation. The nanoparticles are thermodynamically unstable system and for their stability, a zeta potential value between –30 mV and –60 mV is desirable to avoid aggregation of particles (Muller et al., 2000). Thus, zeta potential measurement gives us the assessment of the storage stability of nanoparticles. In addition, Tween 80 could improve the stability of the system due to its steric effect that increases the repulsion between particles and prevents their aggregation (Lim and Kim 2002). Stability of MLX-NLC gel was evaluated in terms of their MLX entrapment efficiency. Log (E.E %) was plotted against time and the slopes (m) were calculated by linear regression. The slopes (m) were then substituted into the following equation for the determination of k values: k "= m × 2.303"
Shelf life values (the time for 10% loss, i.e. t90) were then calculated by the following equation: t90 "= 0.105/k"
In case of MLX-NLC gel, no significant (p>0.05) change of particle size, PI, zeta potential, drug entrapment efficiency was observed at 4±2°C over the period of 90 days (Table 3). An increasing trend of particle size and PI, decreasing trend of zeta potential and drug entrapment efficiency were observed with storage time at 25±2°C/60%±5% RH and 40±2°C/75±5% RH. The augmentation of particle size and polydispersity index, and diminution of zeta potential and drug entrapmen...
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...itation degree was categorized based on as negligible (PII = 0-0.4), slight (PII = 0.5-1.9), moderate (PII = 2-4.9) or severe (PII = 5-8) irritation (Manosroi et al., 2013). The study indicated that MLX-NLC gel had no significant effect on the animal weights at all time points (P>0.05). MLX-NLC gel showed no erythema or edema on the rabbit skin with PII 0.0. However, 20% SLS treatment resulted in moderate skin irritation with PII value 2.33 and 2.0 after 1h and 24 h, respectively. This established the skin tolerability and safety of MLX-NLC gel for topical application. This could be due to the entrapment of MLX in nanoparticles based gel resulted in prevention of direct contact of drug with the skin and thus prevented the drug related local side effects. Thus, MLX-NLC gel formulation would prove to be highly advantageous for topical use with improved safety profile.
What makes a T.V. commercial memorable? Is it the product you remember or just the commercial itself? Many times it could be both, depending on the person that’s watching the commercial. Sitting down to watch the television is more than just enjoying your favorite TV show; it’s about seeing the different types of commercial that comes with it. Commercials will play a huge role in today’s society.
Craig, D. Q. (2002). Pharmaceutical Applications of Micro-Thermal Analysis. Journal of Pharmaceutical Science, 91(5), 1201-1213.
SE/TC is .413 and is not preferred because it is under 70% 7) The P/BV of 4.98
Coumadin in pill form is taken orally. It needs to be stored at a controlled room temperature of 59 – 86 degrees and needs to be protecte...
...om aggregation and floating behavior of drug particles during dissolution. All proliposomal powders showed 67.5 to 91.2% drug release with following order KPL3>KPL5>KPL0>KPL4>Pure drug within 5 min which indicated improved dissolution of drug in the form of proliposomes. The improved dissolution of ketoprofen in proliposomal formulation may be due to the hydrophilic nature of pearlitol which facilitate the quick hydration of proliposomes to transform into liposomes, enhanced solubility of poorly water soluble drug by amphiphilic HSPC or altered physical state of drug entrapped in the bilayers from crystalline to amorphous state and it may be also due to increased effective surface area and wetting characteristic of unentrapped drug upon contact with dissolution medium as fine dispersion which was adsorbed over the porous water soluble carrier i.e. pearlitol SD 200.
In this case study, our concern goes for the chitosan nanoparticles; firstly nanoparticles are able to adsorb and/or encapsulate a drug, thus protecting it against chemical and enzymatic degradation. Furthermore the encapsulated drug may be prevented from crystallization, thus forming a solid solution. Depending on drug solubility in the carrier, a drug load varying from only a few percent up to 50%] Secondly, chitosan is ...
Normally ciclopirox nail lacquer is well tolerated. Some cases has been reported about this nail lacquer that cause light reddening or scaling skin when the nail lacquer come into contact with the skin that adjacent to the nail (Gupta et.al, 2000). The most frequent adverse effect of the usage ciclopirox nail lacquer can be seen in the Sibissi et.al (2010) researc that caused local and dermalogical effects and it was rarely for the severe condition that require for the discontinuation of the medication. Another side effects that has been informed by Bhapkar et.al (2013) is that it do caused nail disorder like ingrown toenail, irritation, discolouration and changes in shape. The most frequent adverse effects are periungal erythema and erythema of the proximal nail fold.
The Beauty Industry being such a wide market of services and products include providing for the care of our skin, hair, selling of perfumes and cosmetics (“What is the Beauty Industry?”2014) and now developing more extensively into basic cosmetic surgery and treatments, now gives society a big opportunity to pamper and nourish themselves in more extensive ways. Throughout this essay, the branches of dermatology and dermal therapies will be explained; common skin disorders and specifically a treatment called ‘Ultrasonic Peeling’ and how it can potentially help with skin disorders imposed today will be explored and described in detail. After the investigation of what Ultrasonic Peeling is and how it works, I will also state my opinion on how well I think the treatment benefits its users, give my evaluation if I would consider using it, what I think the positives and negatives are and in scenario, assess whether it is a treatment that more salons should consider offering.
Size and stability: Liquid formulation can be bulky, difficult to transport and store.1 During storage under the stated conditions, it’s necessary that oral solutions are not subject to precipitation, fast sedimentation, caking or formation of lump.2 They have poor stability compare to solid dosage form formulation due to hydrolysis.1 Therefore, it’s important to optimize the active ingredient stability in liquid formulation including those prepared from powder or granules.2
This will lead to larger perforations on skin and perhaps pain for the patient when applied. Furthermore, the breaking of blood vessels can lead to thrombosis which may cause further complications with drug delivery. Moreover, since the microneedle-array size changes, it must be durable enough to withstand mechanical stresses when applying the patch. This may change the design and material of the microneedle-array patch. It must have higher mechanical strength while remaining biocompatible on initial contact. Also, it must not exhibit toxic degradation products when used. Further research is needed to understand how vesicles can react with a change in the environment from an allergic reaction. For example, the release of histamines can trigger a reaction for the vesicle to disassociate and release epinephrine and antihistamines, similar to how oxygen consumption creates a hypoxic environment in which the GRVs can disassociate to release
A new entry into the herpes treatment arena, Prosurx is a topical treatment using nanoparticle technology. We carefully researched this product and were somewhat unsettled by our findings.
The continuing value for the residual earnings was determined by taking 2010s projected residual earnings and multiplying it by 1 plus
2. (1) Benefits of the “half-life”: it will encourage the company to reduce cost and defective rates. The total quality of the production has been improved.
Results & Discussion:The actual, theoretical, and percent yield of sodium chloride (NaCl) was found to be 1.14g, .700g, and 61.4%,
Langmuir adsorption model assumesthat adsorption occurs at specific homogeneous adsorption sites onthe adsorbent surface and intermolecular forces decrease rapidlywith the distance from the adsorption surface. The model further basedon the assumption that all the adsorption sites are energeticallyidentical and adsorption occurs on a structurally homogeneousadsorbent. The Langmuir (Hadi et al., 2010) non-linear form is pre-sented in Eq. (6).which may be unfavourable (RL > 1), linear (RL = 1), favorable (0 < RL< 1) or irreversible (RL = 0) [31,32]. It has been found from Fig. 8 that the values of RL for TG range from 0.0068 to 0.039 and for ATG was 0.02 to 0.13. The lower RL values at higher BG concentration indicate that adsorption is more favourable at higher concentrations. The degree of favourability tended toward zero (the completely ideal irreversible case) rather than unity (which represent a completely reversible case). Thus the adsorp-tion of BG on to both gels is confirmed to be a favourable process.