The following is an interpersonal communication analysis of a specific case carried out using the perception theory. The contents of this report are divided into four headings which are as follows:
1. Perception process and influences on perception
2. Common tendencies in perception
3. Communication techniques
4. Specific ways to avoid misperceptions.
Let us start with the first step in the theory of perception.
PERCEPTION PROCESS AND INFLUENCES ON PERCEPTION
Perception is the process whereby we assign meaning to the world around us. It is very important, because how we interrupt events influences how we communicate with others. There are four steps in the perception process. Selection, organization, interpretation and negotiation (Adler et
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• Relational satisfaction: In this case, I do not approve of her behavior. And she may not either.
Negotiation: Negotiation is the process of exchanging each other’s perceptions and trying to achieve a shared perspective (Adler et al, 2015). In this case, I would describe the whole situation from my point of view and Josie would do it from her perspective. If our narratives match to some extent we will reach a point of having a shared perspective.
Influences on perception: how we select, organize, interpret, and negotiate information is influenced by several factors (Adler et al, 2015, p. 70). These factors can be physiological, cultural, and social. In this case following factors influences on perception:-
• The senses: How I ‘see’ her behavior, and how she sees mine.
• Health and fatigue: the fact that I am tired. The fact that she is fatigued mentally.
• Biological cycles of both, though involuntary but influential.
• Age, hunger, and cultural differences might have a role to play in this scenario and may vary.
• Gender and occupational roles: I might expect her to work as a caregiver at a prime level as she is a female and single mothers do
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Factually describe the behavior you have seen: “I notice that you’ve been coming often late at work and sounding a bit irritated with clients.”
2. Offer two plausible causes: “I figured you must be stressed at home or something might be bothering you at work.”
3. Ask an open-ended question: “What is the matter?”
SPECIFIC WAYS TO AVOID MISPERCEPTIONS
• Misperceptions often root from presumptions and prejudices. Hence it is highly essential that we make sure our judgement or perceptions are not clouded by presumptions, prejudices or even stereotypes. Ensuring this makes way for a clearer understanding of the other person. It helps you to give a better narrative which gives you more chances of negotiating with a shared perspective
• Give the other person a benefit of doubt.
• Empathize - the ability to project oneself another person’s point of view so as to experience the other’s thoughts and feelings (Adler et al, 2015, p. 81).
• Cognitive Complexity – we can avoid a misconception by constructing a variety of frameworks for viewing an issue called cognitive complexity (Adler et al, 2015, p 82).
• Sympathy – Compassion for another’s situation (Adler et al, 2015, p.
Janice 's problems illustrate connections between the biological, psychological, and social systems. According to (Newman/ Newman,2015) a biological system includes all those processes necessary for this physical functioning. Janice is feeling stressed and because of that it made changes to her biological system which includes changes to her sleeping pattern and also caused her to have trouble
Interpersonal communication is communication that occurs between two people within the context of their relationship and as that evolves, helps them to define their relationship (p.22). With interpersonal communication as a backbone for meeting our daily needs, whether we communicate verbally or non-verbally when we are in the presences of others then communication is taking place. The elements of interpersonal communication are broken down into the communicators, the message, noise, feedback, context, and channel (p.9). The models such as interaction and transactional show that interpersonal communication works as a two-way street between the sender and receiver. When both the sender and receiver are receiving messages and feedback that defines a relationship where both needs are being met. Floyd discusses that interpersonal communication many aspects of our lives, from our physical needs and other every day needs to our experiences with relationships, spirituality, and identity (p.4). When we overcome the challenges with communication we can meet our needs and build relationships. To meet our needs, we must be willing to
"Perception - Definition of Perception by the Free Online Dictionary, Thesaurus and Encyclopedia." Dictionary, Encyclopedia and Thesaurus - The Free Dictionary. Web. 08 Feb. 2011. .
Assumptions influence our perceptions because when assumptions are made, it is often the case that there is not enough information for the assumptions to be accurate. Dillard gives an example that relates to this in her essay when she says, “[We] see what [we] expect” (Dillard 20). When an assumption is formed about a person or situation, then things that agree with that assumption is what is looked for, so that is what will be perceived. This may create inaccurate impressions. Another problem with making assumptions is that it is assumed that there is consistency to others’ behavior and often the focus on negative things about others. When it is assumed that there is consistency to others’ behavior, it is assumed that after seeing them act one way once or twice, they will always act like that. (Beebe 77). These examples relate to another idea that Dillard talks about in her essay. Dillard says, “Peeping through my keyhole I see within the range of only about thirty percent of light that comes from the sun…” (21). This agrees with an idea that people tend to ignore information when making perceptions and only looking at a small portion of the big picture and make perceptions based off of that. An example that relates to all of these would be if someone expects a person to be rude, then whenever those two people interact, rude behavior will be all that is looked for and all that is given any thought. People often form perceptions off of assumptions and small pieces of the big picture which oftentimes makes those perceptions that a person might have
Our five senses –sight, hearing, smell, taste and touch help the ways in which we perceive the world around us. And while they seem to work independently at time they can effect each other and the way we comprehend something. Seeing something pretty, touching something soft, eating something cold and smelling something rotten are the sense we use to connect with the world around us and will all effect how we move forward in that situation. When you look at the top picture say the color of the word not the word itself. It is harder than it seems and takes a little practice to do it efficiently. It is because we see the spelling we were taught not the color it was written in. It is hard to process it the other way, but not impossible. Take the bottom picture for another example is this a
Throughout the semester, we have studied numerous communication theories. Their purpose is to help understand exactly what happens when we interact with others. We might not necessarily agree with all of the theories, but the idea is to develop tools to evaluate situations we may encounter. Often, when the theories are explained in the readings or lecture, it is beneficial to apply the concepts to a "real life" situation. Using this approach, I will use a situation that many of us have faced, or will face, and analyze it according to a particular communication theory.
This theory has been subject to many articles and studies in the communication and social departments. Indeed, studying this theory can help us understanding human relations in interpersonal communication. Each of us has been one day confronted to uncertainty, whereas in initial encounters, or moving to a new a new place, or beginning a new work.
I specifically asked my co-worker this question “How Do You See Me?” She immediately responded that she finds me as a friendly and extroverted person because I was able to talk to her and make friends with her and other coworkers from the first day of work. She also said that I am a compassionate person and I always do my job above and beyond the call of duty. I also asked my sister in law the same question as I asked my co-worker, and her response was, I am the type of person who is easy to deal with or get connected. She mentioned I am caring, and I always put my family first before myself, I am a hardworking mom and always find time to spend with my family even on those days which I am already exhausted and tired from
Perception, at most times, is a credible way to assess the world around us. Without perception, we would not know what to do with all the incoming information from our environment. Perception is constructed of our senses and the unconscious interpretations of those sensations. Our senses bring in information from our environment, and our brain interprets what those sensations mean. The five most commonly accepted senses -- taste, smell, hearing, sight, and touch -- all help create the world around us as we know it.
Each one of us lives in our own unique world of perception. As individuals, we may experience life in an entirely different way through our senses and life experiences. Therefore, perception can be tricky since it is very personal to each one of us. According to the Merriam-Webster online dictionary, perception has three meanings; (1) “the way you think about or understand someone or something,” (2) “the ability to understand or notice something easily,” and, (3) “the way that you notice or understand something using one of your senses” (2014, para. 1). C.S. Lewis said, “What you see and what you hear depends a great deal on where you are standing. It also depends on what sort of person you are” (n.d., para. 11). In other words,
The way that each individual interprets, retrieves, and responds to the information in the world that surrounds you is known as perception. It is a personal way of creating opinions about others and ourselves in everyday life and being able to recognize it under various conditions. Each person’s perceptions are used as a kind of filter that every piece of information has to pass through before it determines the effect that it has or will have on the person from the stimulus. It is convincing to believe that we create multiple perceptions about different situations and objects each day. Perceptions reflect our opinions in many ways. The quality of a person’s perceptions is very important and can affect the response that is given through different situations. Perception is often deceived as reality. “Through perception, people process information inputs into responses involving feelings and action.” (Schermerhorn, et al.; p. 3). Perception can be influenced by a person’s personality, values, or experiences which, in turn, can play little role in reality. People make sense of the world that they perceive because the visual system makes practical explanations of the information that the eyes pick up.
Interpersonal communication is one of the significant skills while communicating with other individuals. It normally covers an extensive area and includes both verbal and non-verbal communication. Body language and facial expression may affect the accurateness of the message transmission directly. Interpersonal communication skills normally ensure that the message is sent and received correctly without any alteration thus improving the communication efficiency. Learning diverse aspects of interpersonal communication has greatly aided me in better understanding of what it consists. I am capable of applying the knowledge gained from this course to my personal experiences. This paper reflects on my personal experience in learning interpersonal communication.
There are various factors that play a role in social perception. Social perception is not only a negative tendency society has lived by, but there are also positive aspects of social perception.
Perception is defined as the process of organizing, interpreting, and selectively extracting sensory information . Visual perception is left to the individual person to make up their own mind. Perceptual organisation occurs when one groups the basic elements of the sensory world into the coherant objects that one perceives. Perception is therefore a process through which the brain makes sense of incoming stimuli.
Success is something individuals aim for through all stages of life. Succeeding at university may entail passing courses, achieving learning goals and consequently graduating, while gaining some experience and exposure. At work, success could take a different form of gaining a job, accomplishing goals, and seeking promotions. While the definition of success may differ for university students and employees at an organisation, the basic principles and skills required are very similar. Individuals require both intrapersonal and interpersonal perception in order to achieve success, whether at university or work. Skills such as self-regulation, self-monitoring, implementing goals and strategies to achieve those goals, as well as harnessing good communication skills and formal relationships are key factors to success. It is with these perceptions that individuals can gain skills that can help overcome barriers to succeed.