The Federal Republic of Nigeria

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The Federal Republic of Nigeria is a country located on the West Coast of Africa. Nigeria has 36 states with Abuja as the Federal Capital Territory and has more than five hundred ethnic groups. Nigeria got her independence on October 1, 1960 from the United Kingdom (World Population Review, 2013). The color of the Nigerian Flag is green,white green ; the green color represents the forests and the abundant natural wealth of the nation, while the white color stands for peace and unity (CIA World Fact Book, 2014).

According to Nigeria National Bureau of Statistics, the total population of Nigerian citizens is about 166.2 million people. In 1960, when she had her independence from the United Kingdom Nigeria had a population of about 45.2 million people. Nigeria’s population is about 2.5% of the whole earth’s population i.e., 1 out of 43 people around (in) the world call Nigeria their place (home). The population of Nigeria is expected to exceed that of the United States by the year 2045. The official language of Nigeria is English, but the country has multiple languages. The most widespread and common non-English languages are Yoruba, Hausa, and Igbo languages. In 2009, a study stated that 50.4% of the population was Muslim while the rest were Christian and about 1.4% of the population practice other religion (World Population Review, 2013).

Total median age is 18.2years, 18.1years for men and 18.3 years for women, population growth rate is 2.47% with a birth and death rate is 38.03 births/1000 population and 13.16 deaths/1,000 population respectively. Total infant mortality rate is 72.97 deaths/1,000 live births with 77.98 deaths/1000 live births in males and 67.66 deaths/1000 live births. Life expectancy at birth for males is ...

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...is, dengue fever, (Ehizibolo, 2011). schistosomiasis, meningococcal meningitis, cholera and HIV/AIDS among others.

Some of these diseases are zoonotic i.e they are transmitted between vertebrates animals and humans examples are Anthrax, Brucellosis, Bovine Tuberculosis to mention a few. Zoonotic agents can be a virus, bacterium or fungus and they constitute at least 61% of all human pathogens (World Health Organization (WHO), 2006).

Anthrax is caused by a bacterium called Bacillus anthracis, Brucellosis is also caused by various bacteria from the genus Brucella, Rabies is caused by a virus (Ehizibolo, 2011). Malaria, yellow fever and dengue fever are caused by mosquitoes (American Mosquito Control Association, (AMCA) 2013). Malaria fever is caused by anopheles mosquito, a vector which carries the malaria parasite from one person to another (Boskey, 2014).

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