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By using a structuralist analysis of Stopping by the Woods on a Snowy Evening, many interesting themes and nuances not initially noticed, arise. All of the binary oppositions in this poem produce a distinct feeling of “Nature vs. Culture”. Some of these binaries include knowing/not knowing and village/forest (full list of binary oppositions final page). The binary opposition of knowing/not knowing is of particular interest because it reveals a theme that carries throughout the poem: culture is something humans can understand, it is digital; but nature remains a mystery, it is analog. However, there are several categories that do not fit within these clear-cut binary oppositions. An anomalous category, something that straddles the line between a pair of opposite binaries, can create disruption and injure culture. In this poem in particular both “his” and “woods” are powerful anomalous categories. The other man is both in the village and the woods, because he owns these woods, which means he also straddles the line between here/there (even if only through material purchase). The fact that this man owns the forest puts him in a category of civilized/nature because he gained the land through civilization but he has not developed it “Woods” can also be seen as an obvious anomalous category because it described as both “lovely” and “dark”. It also straddles the line between queer/normal, because the woods seem strange, but they shouldn’t since they are part of a nature and something the man has most likely seen before (because he knows who owns the woods). There is also a confusion of mistake/purpose in relation to intent; the horse seems to think it was a mistake to stop here. Yet, the man stops here purposefully. Finally, the woods...

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... which tend to more objective. In addition, it is much easier to be objective because advertisements allow readers to use the ad by using the commutation test.
Overall, the biggest difference apparent in the comparison of Stopping by the Woods on a Snowy Evening and the advertisement for the Toyota 4-Runner is the subjectivity available in literary texts versus ideological texts. Ideological texts, particularly advertisements, are easier to see the major messages thanks to the implementation of the commutation test. In addition to the commutation test, there is an abundance of obvious examples of major terms of structuralism like boundary rituals, logic of the concrete, etc. But, the subjectivity and uncertainty of poems make these terms harder to discover and ration out. The inability to “test” the levels of importance in literary texts also hinders the analyzer.

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