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Murphy (2005) points out the significance of this phase
“Most troubled projects, international as well as domestic, can trace the source of their problems back to a poor game plan [project plan]. In the eagerness for action, planning is too often given inadequate attention, so the project’s game plan is not well thought through.” (p.51)
Since the success of a project depends on the completion in time and to the sat-isfaction of the customer a previous planning phase is of great significance. Therefore, the processes to be used have to be well defined. Otherwise, the cost or duration of the project might be higher than anticipated (Murphy, 2005). The objectives of this phase are: identifying all activities and processes together with their interrelation as well as preparing instructions in form of charts, drawings, reports and analyses (Healy, 1997). It is important to prepare a sophisticated project plan, which all team members understand, to prevent problems, diminish risks and to gain a project which is adjusted to its environment. This means the project is not only well planned but can actually be successfuly implemented and used by the client (Cronenbroeck, 2004; Murphy, 2005).
In this phase of the project the project plan, which is based on the project de-scription, is set up and it comprises the work breakdown structure (WBS), the project flow chart and the project schedule (Healy, 1997; Wolf et al., 2011). The WBS lists all project tasks, regardless of their duration and chronology. Then these tasks get broken down into subtasks, the so-called ‘work packages’. These work packages can be subdivided into processes (Kerzner, 1979; Rinza, 1998,). In an international project bilingual or multilingual work packages should be f...

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...ence the funding by sales revenue should be taken into account (Heinrichs, 2012).
Lastly, it has to be decided on which data are monitored and recorded during the entire project progression in order to gain a complete dataset for the controlling process. Moreover, it has to be declared which standards have to be used by the team for internal and external reports (Cronenbroeck, 2004). The check point for control should be determined with the client in this step but regardless of the time of control, in general after each phase or milestone a control should to be con-ducted (Bergmann and Garrecht 2008; Kuster et al. 2008).
So, the outcome of this phase should be the documentation of the necessary input, scope and expected results of a task and measurable objectives which are based on the overall project objective and responsibilities. (Cronenbroeck, 2004; Pinto, 1999)