Sound is a form of energy. It is created when something vibrates and in turn causes the medium (water, air, etc.) around it to vibrate. Traveling longitudinal waves are vibrations in the air, which we are able to pick up with our ears. Sound waves are made up of regions of high and low pressure named compressions and rarefactions. Sound is a longitudinal wave in which the oscillations take place in the direction of the wave travel i.e. backwards and forwards rather than from side to side. The backwards and forwards displacement results in a sequence of compression and rarefactions. Sound waves cannot be transmitted through vacuum. The transmission of sound requires at least a medium to be present to carry on oscillations. Most of the sound waves that reach the ear travel through the air, but it is also possible to hear sounds when swimming underwater.
Diagrams of sound production:
Tuning fork # 1 tuning fork #2 tuning fork#3
Tuning fork # 1: Molecules in the atmosphere enclave the turning fork when it is not moving.
Tuning fork #2: When a vibration occurs the tuning fork’s prong separates and the molecules in front of it are cramped up and hit against each together.
Tuning fork#3: When the prongs return back together, it leaves a space that has less number of molecules in it.
Where the molecules are jammed up together is called a compression and where the molecules are scattered is called a rarefaction. When the fork vibrates, the vibration moves the molecules close to it and they in turn move other molecules close to them and the sequence continues. This is a group of compressions and rarefaction. This clearly demonstrates how sound is produced.
Equations relating to sound: Frequency is the number of complete wave...
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...ventually the string may break.
Compare that instrument with other instruments its type (string instruments)
Explain why they are different
Define its resonance. The strings alone can hardly make any noise because they are so thin they can move in the air and not create much disturbance. Therefore vibrations are transferred to the top plate of the guitar because the strings of the guitar need the vibrating top plate in order to produce sounds better. To hear a resonance take place, the open ‘A’ string needs to be strummed and a piece of paper is to be inserted back and forth across the sound holes. A base response is the result obtained when you close the hole, this is because the paper stops the resonance or either changes it to a much lower frequency. The resonance of both the front and back plates creates a resonance about an octave above the main air resonance.
It was proposed that if the length of the PVC pipes were to increase, then the sound produced will have a lower amplitude each time because the sound will lose energy as it continues in the pipe for a certain amount of time. However, the data actually showed that with every increase in pipe length, the amplitude got louder as well, thus refuting the hypothesis. These results made sense because what was created inside the PVC pipes was a standing still sound wave, or a resonance wave. These kinds of waves have certain locations on its wavelength in order for the change in sound to be heard, which it usually half a wavelength. With this, the tuning fork is 83.3Hz and a usual wavelength is about 300Hz, 300/83.3 = 3.6 meters, which is about 4 meters (half = 2 meters). So for the change in sound to be heard, the pipes had to be about 2 meters in change according to the frequency of the tuning
In this case, the hair cell receptors are very pressure sensitive. The greater the force of the vibrations on the membrane, the more the hair cells bend and hence the greater the receptor potential generated by these hair cells.
Ultrasound is sound waves that have a frequency above human audible. (Ultrasound Physics and Instrument 111). With a shorter wavelength than audible sound, these waves can be directed into a narrow beam that is used in imaging soft tissues. As with audible sound waves, ultrasound waves must have a medium in which to travel and are subject to interference. In addition, much like light rays, they can be reflected, refracted, and focused.
Sound travels at about 1,200 k/hr while light travels at about 300,000 km/s. It’s easy to notice how slowly sound travels. Take, for instance, a soccer field. If you were standing at one end and you see somebody kick the ball, it will probably take a second for you to hear the person kick it. You hear the sound a few seconds after you see the ball moving. The farther you are away, the longer the space is between you seeing the ball being kicked and you actually hearing it. Light can travel around the earth 7 and a half times in one second.
"The Physics Of Guitar." The Physics Of Guitar. N.p., n.d. Web. 26 May 2014. .
Auditory processing is the process of taking in sound through the ear and having it travel to the language portion of the brain to be interpreted. In simpler terms, “What the brain does with what the ear hears”(Katz and Wilde, 1994). Problems with auditory processing can affect a student’s ability to develop language skills and communicate effectively. “If the sounds of speech are not delivered to the language system accurately and quickly, then surely the language ability would be compromised” (Miller, 2011). There are many skills involved in auditory processing which are required for basic listening and communication processes. These include, sensation, discrimination, localization, auditory attention, auditory figure-ground, auditory discrimination, auditory closure, auditory synthesis, auditory analysis, auditory association, and auditory memory. (Florida Department of Education, 2001) A person can undergo a variety of problems if there is damage in auditory processing . An auditory decoding deficit is when the language dominant hemisphere does not function properly, which affects speech sound encoding. (ACENTA,2003) Some indicators of a person struggling with an auditory decoding deficit would be weakness in semantics, difficulty with reading and spelling, and frequently mishearing information. Another problem associated with auditory processing is binaural integration/separation deficit. This occurs in the corpus callosum and is a result of poor communication between the two hemispheres of the brain. (ACENTA,2003) A person with this will have difficulty performing tasks that require intersensory and/or multi-sensory communication. They may have trouble with reading, spelling, writi...
... spring, you are causing a twisting motion all the way down the coil. (Longhurst)
The Scholar: I think that's more a function of sound wave vibration than anything else.
As a musician, I always related to sounds in terms of musical application. The only sounds I paid attention to were those involved in creating and performing music. Musical sounds were the most important to me. Well . . . actually, as a traveling musician, any troubling sounds my car made were almost as important. The only other sound I appreciated was silence - something I valued after six nights of rhythmic and melodic saturation and the babble of three hundred or so party drunks.
Along with vision, hearing is one of the most important senses that humans have. We use it to communicate, learn, and stay aware of our environment. In fact, hearing is the only sense that never stops receiving sensory input. While all of our other senses become drastically less sensitive when we are sleeping, our brain still processes auditory information to awaken us the second something is wrong. Although this may have been more practically used before people slept safely in homes, it’s still useful for hearing a fire alarm or our alarm clock in the morning. We are able to hear by processing sound waves. This energy travels through the delicate structures in our ears to be transformed into neural activity so that we can perceive the sensory information we receive (Myers, 2010).
Fingering and Acoustic Schematic. n.d. Diagram. University of New South Wales, Faculty of Science. Academic Press, 2001. Web. 13 Sept. 2011.
Sound is essentially a wave produced by a vibrating source. This compression and rarefaction of matter will transfer to the surrounding particles, for instance air molecules. Rhythmic variations in air pressure are therefore created which are detected by the ear and perceived as sound. The frequency of a sound wave is the number of these oscillations that passes through a given point each second. It is the compression of the medium particles that actually constitute a sound wave, and which classifies it as longitudinal. As opposed to transverse waves (eg. light waves), in which case the particles move perpendicular to the direction of the wave movement, the medium particles are moving in the same or opposite direction as the wave (Russell, D. A., 1998).
What is the importance of sound in TV or Film, and how can it be used creatively in driving the narrative forward?
42 In the case of silence, the passage of breath is open through the throat and the cavities above it, thus, the air flows freely through the two operations of exhalation and inhalation without any friction which could cause any production of any sound. In order to produce any sound, this involves the raising of the diaphragm (during exhalation) which presses the lungs and makes the air push out from the lungs to the point of articulation (i.e., the place of obstruction of the sound). As a result, the sound will be produced (Al-Hamad, 2002: 59). The production of a consonant sound requires close articulation by one or more vocal organs, which causes an occlusion at this point of articulation.