Includes Source Code
Computers in Physics
Abstract
This project is an experiment that sets up the earth's original velocities in the x and y direction
and changing them with the velocities/momentum of a meteor. It attempts to simply model a meteorite or
asteroid impact upon the earth and the subsequent change to the earth's orbit in terms of distance and
speed in relation to the sun.
Given the meteor's mass, velocity, angle, and the earth's coordinate point at the point of impact,
the computer program computes the earth's resulting velocities, both component and resultant velocities,
and also plots the points of the earth's orbit before impact from the x axis and after impact. From the data
collected, it is clear that a mass roughly at least one-one thousandths of the earth's mass or a velocity
greater than that of the average meteorite.
Background
Curiosity drives the wish to experiment with variables in order to discover some possible
occurrences where space debris/meteors impacts upon the Earth at which the Earth’s orbit or rotation
shifted. This experimentation attempts to model possible collisions at the simpler levels in which effects
such as angle of impact and the range of impact absorption between land and water are ignored. While
actual impacts upon Earth are roughly one in a thousand of all the near-Earth asteroids, there are still
chances in which a meteor impacts with enough force to change the Earth’s orbit- like the estimated 20-
25 kilometer meteor that may have killed off the dinosaurs almost 65 million years ago (Cretaceous).
The Earth’s orbit is that of an elliptical orbit, though relatively circular, so that the difference
between the periapsis and apoapsis, the closest distance and f...
... middle of paper ...
...%f",ax,vx,vy);
x =x+vx*dt;
y =y+vy*dt;
j =j+dt;
// printf(" j is: %f x=%lf y=%lf",j,x,y);
fprintf(fileout,"
%lf %lf", x,y);
if(x>earth[5]-5e8 && x
{
printf(" ending old: x=%f, y=%f
",x,y);
break;
}
}
//initialize the earth's New orbit
while(j<9.234e7)
{
/*ax=-6.67e-11*m*x/pow(r,3);
ay=-6.67e-11*m*y/pow(r,3);
vx=vx+ax*dt;
vy=vy+ay*dt;
x =x+vx*dt;
y =y+vy*dt;
t=t+dt;*/
t[3]=-G*1.989e30*earth[5]/pow(r,3);
t[4]=-G*1.989e30*earth[6]/pow(r,3);
t[1]=t[1]+t[3]*dt;
t[2]=t[2]+t[4]*dt;
earth[5] =earth[5]+t[1]*dt;
earth[6] =earth[6]+t[2]*dt;
fprintf(fileout,"
%lf %lf",earth[5],earth[6]);
r= sqrt(earth[5]*earth[5]+earth[6]*earth[6]);//resets distance from sun (r)
j+= dt;
/*if(earth[5]>x-5e8 && earth[5]
{count++;}
if(count=4)
{printf(" theoretically, the earth has orbitted thrice
");}
*/}
fclose(fileout);
return 0;
}
The Gravimetric Stoichiometry lab was a two-week lab in which we tested one of the fundamental laws of chemistry: the Law of Conservation of Mass. The law states that in chemical reactions, when you start with a set amount of reactant, the product should theoretically have the same mass. This can be hard sometimes because in certain reactions, gases are released and it’s hard to measure the mass of a gas. Some common gases released in chemical reactions include hydrogen, carbon dioxide, oxygen and water vapor. One of the best methods for determining mass in chemistry is gravimetric analysis (Lab Handout).
First of all, what Copernicus was trying to say about Orbit and the Earth that
However, asteroids are much more deadly. If over-sized meteor can wreck buildings and injure people, then a normal sized asteroid can easily wipe out species if it lands in the right place. As mentioned before, asteroids are much bigger than meteor and much more rare. According to the “Mail Online” 12,000 years ago some type of asteroid slammed into the Northern Canada and some scientist believe that wiped off the mammoths and caused the “Younger Dryas”. Another famous event of asteroids striking, that many scientist believe, was around 65 million years ago asteroids rained and killed of all the dinosaurs 75% of all the life on earth.
The chapter of life which saw the rise of the dinosaurs is one of the most fascinating periods in our earth’s history. It is often the subject which brings about young children’s first exposure to science. When these children learn about these intriguing prehistoric beasts, one of their primary inquiries concerns the cause of their annihilation. What could have led to the demise of all those creatures, who lived very successfully for millions of years? This question has plagued experts and curious children alike for decades. In the early 1990s, a “smoking gun” was discovered – purported to solve the mystery of how the dinosaurs met their fate. This discovery was the Chicxulub crater in Yucatan, Mexico. The claim was that this 180 kilometer crater was the impact scar left by an asteroid that collided with the earth. The asteroid was so large and landed with such force that it effectively ended the dinosaurs reign over the earth. However, recent evidence and research reported in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences suggests that this could not have been the case, because the Chicxulab crater predates the mass extinction by roughly 300,000 years. Rather, the evidence suggests that two or more impacts caused the mass extinction experienced by dinosaurs.
Halley's comet has come back to earth at the strangest times.Halley arrived at the beginning of the battle of hastings in 1066! A man named Mark Twain predicted that sense he was born 2 weeks after the comet he would die with it
Armageddon begins by showing the destruction of the Earth by an asteroid 65 million years ago, when the dinosaurs inhabited the earth. According to the narration, the asteroid is said to have been six miles wide, with the power of 10,000 nuclear weapons. The after effects were trillions of tons of dirt and rock thrown into the atmosphere, creating a blanket of dust that the sun was unable to penetrate for 1,000 years. The narrator explained that it happened once, and that it would happen again, it was only a matter of when.
...every individual to consider the earth as a particle to do the analysis based on its orbital motion around a star.
Comets and asteroids. They are some of the first celestial bodies that humans observed and truly thought about. From ancient cultures interpreting these near-Earth objects as signs of disaster, to 18th century Europeans studying their paths, to even the extinction of the dinosaurs, comets and asteroids have always been prevalent in the majority of Earth’s history. These objects have intrigued the human race for generations, and continue to do so today. These similar subjects of fascination have many unique and interesting characteristics and a rich history with Earth.
2.) Inelastic collision: A strobe photo will be used that shows a glider smashing into another glider which is initially at rest. When they collide the two gliders will stick together and will move.
Asteroids can be found orbiting the Sun in a belt between Mars and Jupiter; this is called the Asteroid belt or Main belt. The asteroid belt has been said to probably contain millions of asteroids that are all different. There are more than 20,000 numbered asteroids. Some times asteroids get knocked off the asteroid belt. As asteroids revolve around the Sun in elliptical orbits, Jupiter’s gravity and getting to close to Mars or another asteroid can change an asteroids path, this could send an asteroid out of the asteroid belt and into space across the orbits of other planets. An example of asteroid orbits changing is Mar’s moons Phobos and Deimos. These were asteroids that went to close to Mars and got caught in its orbit.
William, Armstrong. “Colliding Bodies.” The Washington Times Aug. 11, 2001. Academic Universe. Lexis Nexis. EBSCO Publishing. Colorado State University Lib. Mar. 2003 http://lib.colostate.edu/databases/>
...eaky fast reflexes needed to avoid an asteroid. Asteroids have collided with each other before, but it is super rare considering how far apart from each other they are.
Although it is impossible to rewrite history, we still have to be careful to prevent a catastrophe like the asteroid said to have hit the earth sixty five million years ago. If there is ever a scare of an asteroid as big as the Alvarez Asteroid, one way of preventin...
Columbus and crew also spotted a meteor hitting the water….[I]t was not that uncommon to see shooting stars and the like. The meteor was noted in Columbus' log mainly because of the size….Columbus also logged a report of seeing ligh...