Shaw-Thornburg, Angela. “On Reading To Kill a Mockingbird: Fifty Years Later.” Harper Lee’s To Kill a Mockingbird: New Essays. Meyer, Michael J. Lanham, Md: Scarecrow Press, 2010. 113-127. Print.
Harper Lee deftly weaves plot in her novel To Kill a Mockingbird by inserting the overarching theme of moral conviction and development, as well as spindling in symbolism, to construct the conflicting moral views present in her brilliant tapestry that is To Kill a Mockingbird. Throughout the novel, the reader sees Atticus Finch standing tall and firma as the novel’s moral backbone- rooted deeply in his moral convictions and willing to subject himself and his family to scrutiny to protect innocence. His foil, Bob Ewell, quickly asserts himself as the symbol for decay, routinely diving deeper into his pit of moral filth. Observing the tumult is Scout, Atticus’ young daughter who is experiencing the Tom Robinson case as a young child in her formative developmental years. We see her ‘come of age’ slightly as she begins to develop a moral conscience of her own. Not coincidentally, each character has influence and is influenced by others, resulting in a complex drapery of moral decisions and development.
Aside from prejudice, the themes of loss of innocence and needing to walk in another’s shoes are seen in the life of little girl, Jean Louis Finch “Scout”. These themes present life in Maycomb County, Alabama as one of love, learning, and trial. The characters Scout, Jem, Atticus, Tom Robinson, and Bob Ewell all play a crucial part in displaying these themes. Harper Lee’s To Kill a Mockingbird teaches a lesson for all people while simultaneously giving a remarkable story of a little girl and her venerated family.
As children grow up, they open their eyes to the harsh truths in the world around them that they once did not understand or question. This is experienced by the main characters of Harper Lee’s novel To Kill a Mockingbird. The story is of a girl called Scout and her older brother, Jem, who go through the trials of growing up in the fictional small Southern town of Maycomb, Alabama in the 1930s. Racism is rampant in the mindset of the townspeople, shown when the children’s lawyer father, Atticus, takes the case of an obviously innocent African-American man and they convict him in their hearts before the trial even starts. Through this all, we can see the theme of loss of innocence in the children. Lee uses characterization to portray Scout as the embodiment of innocence, and then shows the readers her struggle to identify with her own moral code. Likewise, Lee uses the characterization of Jem to depict his understanding of the injustice and prejudice that occurs in his town. Lee also utilizes the relationship between Scout and Jem to show the contrast between their different points of loss of innocence. Lee portrays the theme of loss of innocence through the characterization of Scout and Jem, as well as the relationship between them.
Harper Lee did not originally write To Kill a Mockingbird for adolescents, yet it has become a novel that is used in American high schools across the nation and is considered literature with a capital L. In the novel, Lee lays a foundation of moral instruction, living history and character development providing a great deal of moral insight for the reader. Her use of first person narration and an adolescent protagonist create a strong tie with the adolescent reader and make it fun to read. With an underlying theme of movement from childhood to adulthood, Lee’s children in the book learn a valuable lesson, and the students reading it also get that message.
Throughout the book To Kill A Mockingbird Lee discusses the effects of ignorance and the toll it takes on people such as Tom Robinson, Boo Radley, Scout herself, and many more. Through her examples of sexism, prejudice, and racism, from the populist of poverty stricken Southerners, she shows the readers the injustice of many. The victims of ignorance are the ‘mockingbirds’ of the story. A good example of this injustice is the trial of Tom Robinson, who is falsely accused of raping a white girl and is found guilty. The book is from the point of view Scout, a child, who has an advantage over most kids due to her having a lawyer as a dad, to see the other side of the story. Her father tells her in the story, “you never really know a man until you stand in his shoes and walk around in them.” (Lee 200).
Paul Simon, the musician, once said, “If you can get humor and seriousness at the same time, you've created a special little thing, and that's what I'm looking for, because if you get pompous, you lose everything” (Simon 1). Racism in the 1930s and until the 1960s was a very serious issue. As stated, authors have taken this serious issue and turned it into great pieces of literature. Many of them have truly shown the seriousness of racism in society. Even though, criticism continues. Some critics have argued that Scout, in To Kill A Mockingbird, is an unreliable narrator. This is simply because Scout is a child. They suspect she is too innocent, naïve, and has an unbiased view. However, Scout as the narrator is a reliable choice because she allows the reader to concentrate more on the exterior of situations, she allows the reader to make his/her opinion, and she gives the reader direction of how to cover events and certain actions in the novel. Scout, as a child narrator, helps the reader ‘read between the lines’.
Harper Lee’s only book, To Kill a Mockingbird, is the stereotypical tale of childhood and innocence, yet it successfully incorporates mature themes, like the racism in the South at the time, to create a masterpiece of a work that has enraptured people’s minds and hearts for generations. According to esteemed novelist Wally Lamb, “It was the first time in my life that a book had sort of captured me. That was exciting; I didn’t realize that literature could do that” (111). Scout’s witty narration and brash actions make her the kind of heroine you can’t help but root for, and the events that take place in Maycomb County are small-scale versions of the dilemmas that face our world today. Mockingbird is a fantastically written novel that belongs on the shelves for classic literature that everyone should take the time to read and appreciate for their execution of style and the importance of their content.
Childhood is a continuous time of learning, and of seeing mistakes and using them to change your perspectives. In the book To Kill A Mockingbird, Harper Lee illustrates how two children learn from people and their actions to respect everyone no matter what they might look like on the outside. To Kill A Mockingbird tells a story about two young kids named Scout and her older brother Jem Finch growing up in their small, racist town of Maycomb, Alabama. As the years go by they learn how their town and a lot of the people in it aren’t as perfect as they may have seemed before. When Jem and Scout’s father Atticus defends a black man in court, the town’s imperfections begin to show. A sour, little man named Bob Ewell even tries to kill Jem and Scout all because of the help Atticus gave to the black man named Tom Robinson. Throughout the novel, Harper Lee illustrates the central theme that it is wrong to judge someone by their appearance on the outside, or belittle someone because they are different.
Supporting Characters' Roles In To Kill A Mockingbird
Supporting characters are staples in storytelling. They help the main characters grow through teaching lessons or influencing their behavior and help develop the story. In To Kill A Mockingbird, Scout and Jem are largely influenced by minor characters and take something away from each of them. The kids learn to only judge someone based on their actions and not to judge because of rumors through Boo Radley. They learn that there is prejudice and unfairness in the world through the courthouse jury.