The Use of Home Mechanical Ventilation to Manage Chronic Ventilatory Failure

Home mechanical ventilation (HMV) has been used as long-term ventilation for over 70 years to manage chronic ventilatory failure. In the United States, the first introduce of mechanical ventilation was by the use of the iron lung which used with polio victims (Tobin, 2006). Iron lung was the only way available that time to ventilate Poliomyelitis patients and injured army soldiers (Goldberg, 2002).In 1950s, the use of intermittent positive-pressure ventilation with mouth piece have began ,and in 1952, the use of intermittent positive-pressure ventilation (SIMV) via tracheostomy was introduced (Tobin, 2006). In France, professor Rideau had tried applying another method of mechanical ventilation for some of his patients who were suffering from Duchenne muscular dystrophy. He chose not to use tracheostomy route to ventilate and he decided to use a noninvasive route by “placing two urinary catheters at the nose at one end, jointed together by T- piece at the other end and connected to conventional positive pressure ventilator used at home” (Goldberg, 2002). In this study, spirometric evidence showed effective results of using this method (Goldberg, 2002). In a study exploring the number of patients using home mechanical ventilation in 16 European countries, the prevalence of home mechanical ventilation (HMV) was 6.6 per 100,000 people. In Norway, the prevalence of (HMV) was 18.9 per 100,000 people, with a marked increase with the people with chronic obstructive lung diseases (COPD) and with the Pickwick syndrome (Ballangrud, Bogsti, & Johansson, 2009). All various types of mechanical ventilation have been used successfully for the long-term home use of patients with hypoventilation due to neuromuscular diseases, central control of br...

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