The Rate of Electrolysis Of Copper Chloride Solution
Introduction
We are going to find out what things affect the rate of Electrolysis
and to find this out we will use Copper chloride salt dissolved in
water to form a solution. The salt is dissolved in water
becausechemical compounds when in a molten state or when dissolved in
water exist in the form of ions that are capable of movement, meaning
their molecules become dissociated into positively and negatively
charged components, which have the property of conducting an electric
current. A compound that conducts when molten or in solution is called
an electrolyte.
When some substances dissolve they change slightly, their atoms are no
longer neutral, neither positive nor negative. The negative atoms lose
their electrons so the atoms become positive. These particles are no
longer known as atoms but ions. The positive ions are called anode.
The negative ions are called cathode. These electrons only dissolve in
water. Because they have enough room to move this then lets the
reaction take place.
Equation CuCl2 [IMAGE]Cu+2 + 2Cl-1
If a pair of electrodes is placed in a solution and a source of direct
current is connected between them, the positive ions in the solution
move towards the negative electrode (cathode), and the negative ions
move towards the positive electrode (anode). On reaching the
electrodes, the ions may gain or lose electrons and be transformed
into neutral atoms or molecules.
The copper ions move to the cathode and are discharged by gaining
electrons, and are deposited on the electrode as metallic copper,
Equation Cu+2 + 2e- èCu (Reduction)
The chloride ions move to the anode and are discharged, by losing
electrons, as chlorine gas.
Equation 2Cl-1è Cl-1 + 2e-(Oxidation )
[IMAGE]
Here is a diagram to show the ions going to the electrodes
Hypothesis
I think that in the solution the more electrons flowing the more you
have a chance of seeing a better chemical reaction taking place. The
more current flowing the quicker the reaction and if the solution is
· Rinse out mixture in flask and leave water running to get rid of the
The experiment we did was Copper Cycle. We reverted the copper to its elemental form after a chain of reactions. We performed a series of reactions, starting with copper metal and nitric acid to form copper (ii) nitrate. Then we reacted copper with sodium hydroxide, sulfuric acid, nitric acid and zinc to form precipitates. In conclusion our percent recovery was 40.38%.
Investigating How the Concentration of Hydrochloric Acid Affects the Rate of Reaction with Calcium Carbonate
An electrode is a component of an electric circuit that connects the conventional wiring of the circuit to a conducting medium such as an electrolyte or a gas. The electrically positive electrode is called the anode and the negative electrode the cathode. If an anode and a cathode are placed in a solution of an electrolyte and a source of direct current is connected between them, the positive ions in the
Experiment is to investigate the rate of reaction between hydrochloric acid and calcium carbonate Hydrochloric acid + Calcium Carbonate Þ Calcium Chloride + Water + Carbon Dioxide 2HCl (aq) CaCo3 (s) CaCl2(s) H2O (aq) CO2 (g) There are a number of variables in this experiment and these are listed below as input variables and outcome variables.
It is important however to note that the NH4 and K ions are still in
I think that as the molarity of the acid goes up, the amount of gas
The main variables that can change a rate of reaction are; 1. Temperature. 2. Concentration. 3.
Rate of Reaction Between Calcium Carbonate and Hydrochloric Acid Plan: In my experiment I will measure the rate of reaction between calcium carbonate and hydrochloric acid. The rate of the reaction is the speed that the reaction takes place so by measuring the rate I will measure the amount of time the reaction takes. Hydrochloric acid is a strong acid that is found in digestive juices in the stomach, it is also used for cleaning metals before they are coated. Calcium carbonate has a few forms including chalk and limestone the main use of these two materials is in the making of concrete, which is used for many things such as buildings. When you put calcium carbonate and hydrochloric acid together they react to form calcium chloride, carbon dioxide and water.
The Effect of Concentration of Hydrochloric Acid on the Rate of Reaction with Magnesium Aim: To investigate the effect of concentration of hydrochloric acid on the rate of reaction with magnesium Prediction: As the concentration of the hydrochloric acid increases, so will the rate of reaction Hypothesis: In a reaction, particles of two different reactants react together to form a product. The reaction only takes place on account of two things, if the particles collide, and if the collision has enough 'activation energy'. The two reactant particles, in this case magnesium particles and hydrochloric acid particles, must collide with each other on the correct 'collision course'. If this does not occur then no chemical reaction will take place. The reaction must also have enough energy, this can be affected by temperature, the more heat the particles have the faster they move and so the more energy therefore more chance of successful collisions.
Investigating the Effects of Temperature on the Rate of Reaction between Magnesium and Hydrochloric Acid
At the cathode the hydrogen ions gain an electron. They are discharged and are converted into hydrogen gas: 2H (+) + 2e (-) → H2 At the anode, the hydroxide, not the sulphate ions are discharged. Water and oxygen gas are formed: 4OH (-) → 2 H2O + O2 + 4e (-) The hydrogen gas can be collected and measured. The greater the volume of hydrogen gas formed over a set period of time, the faster electrolysis is occurring.
Time - The longer time can let more copper ions from the anode to the cathode if the current are the same. There are still more factors which can affect the mass deposited during electroplating. 3). Distance between two electrodes - If the distance between the two electrodes is greater, the copper ions require to travel more from the anode to the cathode.
Because there are more molecules, the frequency of successful collisions is greater, and the reactions happen faster. Safety There are a lot of safety issues we must abide by in this experiment. We must remember that the substances we use in this experiment can be very harmful if used the wrong way. When doing this experiment, it may be necessary to wear safety goggles, as things are very unpredictable, and even though it is very unlikely that the solution will come out of the beaker during the experiment, one must still be cautious of spills. We must make sure that coats and bags are all out of the way while doing the experiment.
6. I then rinsed out the beaker and glass rod into the flask to make