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Keystone pipeline introduction
What are the effects the Keystone Pipeline has on the environment
Pros and cons of dakota access pipeline
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The Keystone pipeline has been a very controversial subject since the idea of it started. This argument has a very big impact on my life style because one of the biggest controversies is that it will be going through one of the biggest fresh water aquifers in America. Also there might be environmental damage done to the soil and other rivers if the pipeline passes through the land, because potential oil spills on a minor and major scale. A good side to having the pipeline built is that jobs will be made, oil will be able to be moved from Alaska to oil refinery’s it Texas in a quick and manageable manor, causing the price for fossil fuels to go down in price.
The Keystone pipeline is going to pass over the Oglala Aquifer, one of the biggest aquifers in America, and according to the congressional digest Vol.90 issue 10, this aquifer supplies seventy eight percent of public water supply and eighty three percent of irrigation water in Nebraska. If there were to be a spill in the aria around the aquifer hundreds of people, livestock, and irrigation pivots would be out of water and would devastate Nebraska’s economy. Also according to the Congressional digest Vol.90 issue 10 there were studies done that if there was a oil spill the oil would only affect a limited aria and the rest of the aquifer would be left unharmed, but these were only tests done on a simulator in a lab and the real world affects on what could happen to Nebraska’s water could be much more devastating.
The Congressional digest Vol.90 issue 10 states that “Due to public concern regarding the Ogallala aquifer and the sand hills region five of the alternative routes were developed to either minimize the pipeline length over those areas or avoid the areas entirely. Thes...
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...s people would run out of water and be forced to bring in fresh supplies of it or move out. Animal tanks, like windmills and pumps would be no more than worthless causing animals to die of dehydration. Also if there are no pivots to water crops, then ranchers will have to buy feed for cattle from other states and have it trucked in, and that would take money some ranchers just don’t have.
The Keystone pipeline would bring in jobs and cheep fossil fuels, causing the flow of money in America, but is it worth the risks that it would also bring? It would only bring in about thirty-five germinate jobs, leaving just as many people with out jobs back where they started. There are too many what ifs about it that could cause major problems. Lastly it could in the end cause a major ecological disaster. For the sake of the people in Nebraska please stop the Keystone pipeline.
The Dakota Access Pipeline and the Keystone XL Pipeline are two pipeline projects that were suspended in the past. These pipelines were stopped because they could have a big impact of people and the environment. The making of these pipelines would cause a great amount of carbon pollution. Recently, President Trump signed the orders to approve the pipeline project. The projects have pros and cons, the people in favor of the pipelines think we would be able to rely less on foreign oil. The people against the pipeline believe that the pipelines would cause the release of gases into the air that could be harmful for other people.
“Urge the Senate to Stop the Risky Keystone XL Pipeline”. Letter. League of Conservation of Voters. Change.org. Web. 10 December 2013
The negative aspects of Glen Canyon Dam greatly exceed the positive aspects. The dam’s hydroelectric power supply is only three percent of the total power used by the six states that are served by the facility. There is a surplus of power on the Colorado Plateau and with more and more power-plants being created in the western hemisphere, Glen Canyon Dam’s power is not needed (Living Rivers: What about the hydroelectric loss). Although the ‘lake’ contains twenty seven million acre feet of water, one and a half million acre feet of water are lost yearly due to evaporation and seepage into the sandstone banks surrounding the ‘lake’ (Living Rivers: What about the water supply?). The loss of that much “water represents millions, even billions of dollars” (Farmer 183). If the government were to employ more water efficient irrigation practices, as much as five million acre feet of water per year could be saved.
With our understanding that the pipeline is safe, and there are safety precautions in place if anything ever did happen. That it is the best economical way to transport this oil. And finally our need for this oil s huge and it will be huge for a long time unless we start the process of building nuclear power right now; even in that case we still have about 15 years before that is ready to take the work load of British Columbia. Even when we have a different sustained energy we will still have the need for oil due to the fact that’s cars are the main moat of transportation in the lower main land. That means we are far away from a province let alone a country that can run without the use of oil. And seeing how to transport it via pipe line is the safest spill wise and most economically friendly it seems to be the better choice.
Every person requires water for survival. So what would happen if we ran out? North China is undergoing a serious water crisis, which holds a large part of China’s agriculture and population, with China’s government attempting to gain control of the situation they have decided to bring in water from the south. North China does have many factors contributing to it’s water issue at hand, however, in my opinion there are three main issues which the government should gain control of, or the three biggest causes of China’s crisis. these causes include urbanization, global warming, and the worst for last, industry.
This Paper will describe and analyze three articles pertaining to the ongoing debate for and against Glen Canyon Dam. Two of these articles were found in the 1999 edition of A Sense of Place, and the third was downloaded off a site on the Internet (http://www.glencanyon.net/club.htm). These articles wi...
The Keystone XL pipeline continues dividing the opinion of the people and being a controversial issue. The precious “black gold”, represents one of the main factors that moves the economy, nationally and globally. This extra-long pipeline will transport oil all the way from Canada to Texas. Some experts and the private oil corporation, who is the one in charge of this project, point to the benefits of this project, for example, will make the USA more independent from foreign oil, will create thousands of jobs and improve the economy. Nevertheless, are experts revealing how the pipeline is an unnecessary risk and will be negative for the environment, dangerous for the population living close to the big pipes, and long-term negative for the
The Keystone Pipeline started construction in 2008 for the main purpose of connecting Canadian and American oil refineries to transport crude oil from the oil sands of Canada faster and more efficient. So far the first three phases of the pipeline have been completed but the proposed and most controversial is Phase IV. It connects Hardisty, Alberta to Steele City, Oklahoma which requires a presidential permit and it also connects the 485-mile southern leg known as the Gulf Coast Project between Steele City and Port Arthur, Texas, which is now operating (Eilperin). The benefits of the pipeline include an increase in jobs, contribute $3.4 billion to the U.S economy and also save time and money from transporting the oil by pipeline instead of tanks and rails. At the same time it would be a great harm to the environment, making the climate unstable, and could cause possible future oil spills. The articles covering the Keystone Pipeline generally list out the same points, covering the same benefits and consequences of building the pipeline. Sources like Fox News and CNS have more of an opposition towards the pipeline and narrow in on the risks and of the effects it would have on the people. Whereas news stations such as CNN and The Washington Post address both sides of the controversy but are subtle about being in favor of the pipeline. The international sources such as Al Jazeera and Reuters oppose the pipeline and are more open with supporting the environmentalists.
I think that the Keystone XL is a good project and the benefits of building it outweigh the potential negative effects. I will discuss the reasons I think that this pipeline project is a good idea. Firstly the U.S. economy would benefit from an increase in jobs and revenue that the pipeline would bring. Thousands of jobs would be created. Much of the taxes from the construction and property owned by the pipeline would contribute to the local areas that the pipeline runs through. Also transporting crude oil through pipeline is generally the safest option. Transportation by barge, rail, or trucker are the alternatives to pipeline transportation. These would generally cost more and harm the environment further, in terms of carbon emissions, than a pipeline would. People argue that the pipeline would result in more carbon emissions produced since more oil would be able to be transported down to the Gulf Coast refineries to be eventually burned by end users. This is not true because the oil from tar sands in Canada does not necessarily need a pipeline to transport the crude oil. They will use alternative transportation methods, such as listed above, to transport the crude to refineries. At least the transportation of crude oil through a pipeline would be more cost-effective, would emit fewer carbon emissions, and would benefit the U.S.
The diluted bitumen found in tar sands, turns out to be the heaviest, thickest crude oil used today. The reason is so uncommon and concerning to environmentalists is because of the extra amount of energy needed to extract the oil-sands crude compared to regular oil. In summary about the use of diluted bitumen, “The U.S. refineries that process it will produce higher levels of pollutants that damage human health and lead to more smog, haze and acid rain” (Weeks par. 24). Even though the acidic crude oil that comes from tar sands allows the resulting combination to flow more easily through the pipeline, it can result in pipeline corrosion, making it more vulnerable to leaks (Guarino 3). Another concern with leaks affecting other areas, is that it will create a high concern of a potential diluted bitumen oil spill faster than average crude oil, which will sink quicker into the porous soil along its route and contaminate the state’s vital groundwater aquifer (Clayton
Potential Health and Environmental Effects of Hydrofracking in the Williston Basin, Montana." Serc.carleton.edu. Carleton College, n.d. Web. 26 Mar. 2014. .
This being said, many people disagree with the project due to the damaging cons that it brings. The pipeline is being built on sacred land and causes the threat of water contamination in the Standing Rock Sioux reservation for not only those who use it, but those who are miles 8downstream from the reservation as well. Overall, the project could possibly worsen climate change more than what is already happening. Despite all of these potentially devastating cons, the construction of the pipeline was approved for the benefit of the country and its
Pipelines help build nations. It is evident that they are a great benefit to the country of Canada. By investigating the safety of pipelines, along with the countless jobs and improved living standards they offer, it becomes crystal clear that pipelines are advantageous for Canada to construct and maintain. As oil is one the top resources in the entirety of the world, and Canada one of the places with a bountiful supply, pipelines must be built for Canada to reap the benefits of this black gold.
This would handicap low income residents and independent farmers when trying to pay their water bills. Larger farming monopolies such as Monsanto would be able to afford the higher price, and buy out other farming competition. In addition, larger monopolies do not have the incentive to switch over to water conserving irrigation techniques, leading them to rely on independent less regulated wells in addition to the water the state designates for them. Excessive groundwater pumping could further decrease the water table level, cause more ground level subsidence, saltwater intrusion, increase drought in neighboring areas, increases risk for sinkholes, and cause a deficiency of groundwater available to surrounding farms and communities. If it reached an extreme enough level, they could be investigated for an environmental justice infringement for damages to the environment as well as abusing the shared natural
Numerous reports have been given on the dangerous affects of hydraulic fracturing. One such affect that has been noticed is that drinking water wells near the fracturing sites have been contaminated. During the hydro-fracking process, injected fluids that help to break and keep open the rock bed where the natural gas is kept, have “been known to travel three thousand feet from the well (Goldman).” This fluid could have the potential to enter and contaminate any water well for homes around hydraulic fracturing sites. This incident is one of the major problems that people want to figure out and know about before they allow a fracturing site by them. It has been the most feared outcome of having a fracking site nearby, and it is highly appropriate. One site in Wyoming had this happen, “…in August, EPA reported that eleven of thirty-nine drinking-water wells near a Wyoming hydraulic fracturing operation were contaminated with chemicals used in the fracturing process (Hobson EPA).” In Pennsylvania, another such case occurred, “There have already been severe pollution cases in Pennsylvania, mo...