Public procurement is the process in which government administration defines their purchases, collects bids, award contracts and take into account the implementation of all steps in accordance with applicable law. Through this process government outsource resources in the form of goods or services on state and local level (government or public utility services administrative authorities, public institutions, schools, hospitals etc.).
Despite the fact that fundamentally the public procurement process is straight forward, it actually can be seen as multidimensional phenomenon. It can be observed as:
a) Administrative Process. This is complex process composed of several steps: identification of requirement for each institution through planning
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Public procurement also has an important impact on micro and macroeconomic aspects of the national economy and public finances. Proper public procurement system provides important end results, such as: a) ‘better value for money’ for the contracting authorities who thus create a climate of greater volume and better quality public services, b) a healthier public finances, which contributes to the quality of public provision of financial services, c) promotion of the preconditions for economic growth through the creation of a competitive public procurement markets and d) improvement of accountability for the use of public funds in particular through the promotion of the ability of contracting authorities for the quality implementation public procurement procedures (Mujevic, 2012, pp. …show more content…
The use of (ICTs) and the digitization leads to the transformation of processes in the state and its economy. In light of the new features, the communication process has become much easier and faster. Digitalization of communication channels has enabled a significant improvement in efficiency in many areas. Public administration have long recognized the many advantages of this process and initiated the implementation of electronic innovation in their work. Csaki and Adam (2012, pp. 17-40) pointed out that it should have in mind that the successful implementation of e-governance implies overcoming the strategic, socio - cultural, organizational / bureaucratic and, of course, technical
The Truth in Negotiations Act was passed on December 1, 1962 requiring government contractors to submit cost or pricing data if the procurement met specific requirements in order to establish that the offer is fair and reasonable. The history of The Truth in Negotiations Act will set the stage for its significance in the twenty-first century. Prior to World War II, the United States government conducted its bidding process for procurement in an open bid environment. What was required for a bid was a complete description of the requirement, two or more suppliers capable and willing to complete the requirement, a selection based on price competition and sufficient time to prepare a complete statement of the government’s needs and terms. (Graetz, 1968). If any of these were missing then a negotiated contract would have to take place. This was a time consuming process.
The private sector is composed of organisations that are privately owned and are not part of the government, corporations and partnerships, for example: retail shops and local business. The private sector progresses expeditious because it promotes quality to win over customers, which will lead to a greater chance of them achieving the objective of making profit. Whereas the public sector is composed of companies, that are controlled and maintained by the government. There are homogeneous attributes between the public and private sector, yet they are to a great extent exceeded by the number of differences and this essay will discuss the major differences between these sectors, which are: transparency, customer feedback, basis of
The main job of our bureaucracy is to implement all government policies, to use the laws and decisions made by the rightful elected officials and put them into practice. Some bureaucrats implement policy by writing rules and regulations on formal documents, whereas others try to directly please the public’s people by giving business loans in exchange for positive campaign supporters or by honoring veterans to gain popularity points with the public. This particular tactic of bureaucracy is called public
Public agencies are state, local, and federal government employers. Through this paper we will be discussing some of the tools and abilities of public agencies and how they influence our public organizations, such as their regulatory process and administrative hearings. Regulations are primary vehicles that are utilized by agencies to implement laws and general agency objectives. The ability to regulate and enforce these standards comes from laws passed by the legislature, which gains its authority through the constitutions of the federal government and the states. It is then the duty of the executive and judicial branches to administer and adjudicate the laws, respectively
As technology advances, it will be used more and more in all kinds of management jobs, including Public Policy Analysis (Garvin). Many different jobs rely on technology to communicate across long distances, and with large groups. Technology can also be very useful for researching, as with the click of a keyboard, people can find massive amounts of information on any given topic. Both communication and research are integral parts of Public Policy Analysis, and with them, technology will always play an important role in this job. Therefore, Public Policy Analysts will always be clamoring for better and better technology they can use to perform their job to their maximum potential.
... Public sector... being engaged in the providing sevices (and in some cases goods) whose scope and variety are determined not by the direct wishes of the consumers, but by the the decisions of government bodies.
...ation, or more efficient government management (worldbank.org, n.d). E-government [2] that describe the patterns of interactions of digital governments with the public: The first stage of e-government focuses on “digital presence” with simple information-providing Web sites of a passive nature, namely a digitization of government information. The second stage provides simple Web-based interactions of governments with citizens, businesses and other government agencies through email contact and interactive forms that can dynamically provide information needed. The third stage of this evolution provides online transaction services such as license renewal, permit applications and tax payments. The next stage is when the government promotes shared governance to transform how the government operates, in terms of seamless information flow and collaborative decision making.
Public Administration involves the development, implementation and management of policies for the attainment of set goals and objectives that will be to the benefit of the general public. Since Public Administration involves taking decisions that affect the use of public resources there is often the question of how to utilize public resources for maximum public good. The National Association of Public Administration has identified four pillars of public administration: economy, efficiency, effectiveness and social equity. These pillars are equally important in the practice of public administration and to its success. This paper seeks to explain the role of each of the pillars in the practice of public administration.
This essay discusses the radical transformation of the principles and foundations of public administration from traditional to New Public Management. Firstly the essay will attempt to define the key terms of traditional public administration and the doctrine of New Public Management. Rabin J. (2003) explains that New Public Management embodies “a process in public administration that uses information and experiences obtained in business management and other disciplines to improve efficiency, usefulness and general operation of public services in contemporary bureaucracies.“Traditional Public Administration progresses from governmental contributions, with services perceived by the bureaucracy.
(2014) deduced that procurement performance can be assessed by focusing ondelivery,flexibility, quality, cost and technology. Optimal performance attainment is dependent onhow current suppliers`relationships aremanaged so asto ensure constant availability of needed quality supplies at the organization. This will ensure that sourced materials are indeed procured at the right costand atthe right time. Procurement performancestrives toenable improvements in the procurement process at the organizationso as to improve on qualitydelivery of firm products and servicesatleast possible time and
In general, there are different types of procurement type for various situations due to no one method can be suitable under the all different construction project. In this case, there are four procurement paths, which are traditional, design and build, management and design and manage, will be advised to use. However, each method has different aspects of advantages and disadvantages.
It aims towards economic principles and to apply these principles in decision making while administration is fixated on the structural principles and policy implementation. Public administration centres on the procedures within an institute and they see everyone as being detached and professional in the workplace. Public administrative theories also emphasise that these organizations have a bureaucratic structure. The separation between public administration and public choice arise in a hypothetical field. Their concepts vary greatly in many features of procedures.
Public sector reforms adopted in a number of countries such as USA, UK and New Zealand in the last fifteen years and characterised by efficiency units, performance management, contracting out, market type mechanisms, and agency status have come to be known as the New Public Management or NPM. Appearance of the NPM as shifting the paradigm from the old traditional model of administration has been promoted by a remarkable degree of consensus among the political leadership of various countries and is presented today as the major tool for public sector management reforms.
The above discussion outlines some of the very few reasons for governments commence on Alternative service delivery mechanisms to ensure better service delivery. This was attained by explaining a few vital concepts in alternative service delivery , while giving a better understanding of what Alternative service delivery is. This essay also recognized the roles played by voluntary associations and private contractors in Alternative service delivery mechanisms. In addition, this essay illustrated the concept of alternative service delivery mechanisms by employing e-governance, that is the use of modern technology in the public sector to create a better communication between the government and civil society while also empowering civil society.
You ever wonder how the government goes about choosing candidates for specific agencies in the government? Well that’s what public personnel administration is for. Public personnel administration can be defined as the totality of government organization, policies, procedures and processes used to match the needs of public agencies with the people who staff those agencies. It is a branch of human resource management that is concerned with the acquisition, development, utilization, and compensation of a public organization’s workforce. The term includes three key words in which each has their own specific meanings. First, "public" refers to regional and local governmental agencies as well as non-profit ones. "Personnel" refers to both employees of an organization and to the function and administrative unit that is responsible for hiring. "Administration" refers to the way human resources manages public organizations in an effective and efficient way that helps the organization reach its many objectives and goals.