Karol Jozef Wojtyla was born in Wadowice, Poland on May 18, 1920, shortly after Marshal Jozef Pilsudski defeated the Soviet Red Army to gain Polish independence. Like most young boys, Karol enjoyed an active childhood, playing soccer and swimming often, although he was most known for his remarkable intelligence and respect at a very young age. When he was eight years old, his mother, Emilia, died of an infection of the heart, and shortly afterward, his only brother, a physician, contracted scarlet fever from a patient and passed away. When learning of the deaths of his mother and brother, witnesses recalled young Karol’s response to the news to be a simple remark: “Such was God’s will.” By the time he was 21, Hitler had already occupied his homeland, ending Poland’s only period of independence between 1772 and 1989. Shortly after the Nazi invasion, Karol’s father, Karol Senior, also passed away after a prolonged illness, leaving 20 year old Karol without family. (Vatican Online)
About thirty eight years later, in 1978, the College of Cardinals elected the young Polish Cardinal, Wojtyla, to become the 264th Bishop of Rome and the Vicar of Christ; the first non-Italian Pope in 455 years. On October 22 of that year, Wojtyla was installed as Pope John Paul II, honoring the two popes of the Second Vatican Council, whose reforms he intended to continue throughout the duration of his papacy.
Once in power, John Paul immediately displayed an activist approach which was unprecedented in the papacy. Despite advancements in transportation and technology, his activism in the world was still a remarkable attribute, for popes have historically stated their beliefs and principles r...
... middle of paper ...
...
Should killer whales be kept in captivity? Killer whales are mammals that travel in schools. These mammals eat large fish, seals, and even other whales. Killer whales can be dangerous, and are really big animals. When looking at all the evidence about killer whales in SeaWorld, laws and actions need to be enforced with this dangerous activity.
It is amazing how much political and military supremacy the papacy position gained when the Crusades began. The First Crusade (1096-1099) was a military expedition initiated by Pope Urban the II to regain the Holy Lands in Jerusalem from the Muslim conquest. The Pope gave a speech requesting military action against Muslim takeover to the French people of Clermont. The speech eventually propagated to other nations for further recruitment. Urban’s political and military involvement helped regain the Holy Lands and save the Christian Crusaders souls. His famous speech changed the course of history in part because its dissemination was overly successful, and assembled over 40,000 Crusaders to do the will of God. Why was Pope Urban II so victorious in recruiting people for the First Crusade, and why was his influence so important?
Imagine seeing a majestic killer whale floating at the bottom of its pool—depressed. Tapping on the glass does not stir this gigantic friendly beast. Every once in a while she will make her whistling and calling noises. This killer whale, named Katina, and her infant killer whale was taken away from her (Kirby 43). Katina was separated from her new calf because the calf was acting out during shows. Kalina’s family pod was broken, leaving Katina alone and depressed in her pool. Katina would call out to her Kalina, but nothing would subdue her sadness (112). Killer whales should not be kept in captivity because captivity not only leads to aggressive behavior and emotional anguish of the whales, but also injuries, and furthermore deaths of the trainers.
Summary: In Claude Pruitt’s article on Sula, Pruitt describes the circular meaning of the text using her own perceptions and the works of Ralph Waldo Emerson and Ralph Ellison’s the Invisible Man. Pruitt reads the text in circles and circles to find the subtext which she believes provides for its meaning. Pruitt’s article discusses how Morrison circles around the subject of the text to showcase the culturally focused discretions displayed in the 1900’s. She mentions the “nigger joke” that Morrison includes at the beginning of the book (4). This showcases the racism displayed in the 1900’s. The “nigger joke” proclaims the bottom’s relationship with the white people who live outside their society. Pruitt also mentions that if the reader were not to come to this conclusion after the “nigger joke” was presented he/she would come to the realization that racism was prevalent in the 1900’s by the social and economic status of the bottom. The soil on which the people of the bottom live on is not considered productive land while the white land is plentiful and rich. Their place of living causes them economic and social distress. Focusing on place, referencing time and location, Pruitt displays how Morrison’s text ultimately shows how the individual does not create their identity but inside and outside their community their identity becomes created. The struggling characters grapple between their cultural identity and acknowledging the emerging cultural fusion.
In the novel Sula, by Toni Morrison we follow the life of Sula Peace through out her childhood in the twenties until her death in 1941. The novel surrounds the black community in Medallion, specifically "the bottom". By reading the story of Sula’s life, and the life of the community in the bottom, Morrison shows us the important ways in which families and communities can shape a child’s identity. Sula not only portrays the way children are shaped, but also the way that a community receives an adult who challenges the very environment that molded them. Sula’s actions and much of her personality is a direct result of her childhood in the bottom. Sula’s identity contains many elements of a strong, independent feminist character. However, the people in Medallion do not see Sula in a positive light. When she returns to Medallion as an adult Sula is seen as evil and regarded with much fear. The reason Sula outcast from the community is specifically due to the fact that she is a woman who refuses to contain herself in the social norms set up for the town. She refuses to marry and frequently sleeps around. The characters that exist around Sula serve as a point to compare the different ways the community treats those who are different. Specifically the way the characters, Shadrack and Hannah are treated by the community can be compared to the way the community treats Sula. In one way or another, Sula, Shadrack, and Hannah are outcast from the community in the bottom.
Toni Morrison's Sula is a novel that has a theme about the nature of evil. The story follows the lives of two black female friends who present differing views on evil. On one hand, we have society's conventional view of evil represented by the character of Nel and also seen in the Bottom's disapproval of Sula. The other view of evil is seen through the character of Sula and through her actions, which conflict with traditional society. The friendship of Sula and Nel is how the author conveys her message about evil in the relationship. In the relationship the two different conceptions of evil mix and create an essentially neutral mixture. By looking at Nel's and Sula's friendship and the two different views of evil that they have, the author shows us the subjective and relative nature of evil and how friendship can overcome any evil.
Testosterone is an androgen hormone that is secreted by the testes in men and ovaries and adrenal glands in women.1 This hormone interacts with the nervous system and assists in stimulating protein synthesis, inhibiting protein degradation, and allowing for muscle hypertrophy. 1, 2 In males, testosterone levels are highest in the mornings and wane throughout the day; however, there is a lower concentration of testosterone with limited variation in women throughout the day.1 Intensity, volume,
Testosterone is produced by the testes of men and the ovaries of women, as well as the adrenal glands of both sexes. Correlational studies have found that higher testosterone is associated with more sexual activity, more alcohol, more aggression and more competitive ness amongst other social behaviours that humans participate in. However the investigation of testosterones influences on social behaviours has only really just begun and hence we do not know a lot about the definitive effects of testosterone.
John Paul or Karol Józef Wojtyla (also known as St John Paul II) was well known to be a Pope, elected on 16th October 1978. He had first made history in 1978 where he had become the first non-Italian pope in 400 years. He was an advocate for human rights as he used his influence politics to create change.
The hormonal mechanisms that influence the male reproductive functions involve the endocrine tissues, the hypothalamus, anterior pituitary and the reproductive organ that is also considered and endocrine tissue, the testis. In the hypothalamus specific neurosecretory glands secrete GnRH, or gonadotropin releasing hormone. GnRH is carried by the blood to the anterior pituitary gland where it binds to receptors on gonadotrophic cells. The GnRH stimulates the gonadotrophic cells to increase the secretion of two gonadotrophic hormones, Luteinizing hormone (LH), Follicle - stimulating hormone (FSH). These to hormones are transported in the blood from the anterior pituitary gland to the testis. In the testes LH bind to leydig cells which in turn stimulates the secretion of testosterone. With the assistance of FSH and testosterone, stertoli cells are able to produce ABP, Androgen-bind protein maintains high levels of testosterone. ABP binds to testosterone and maintains high levels of that hormone near spermatogenic cells. This with FSH help in the maturation of spermatozoa. In addition to all this, testosterone is converted into DHT, dihydrotestosterone, this hormone may also contribute to the formation of sperm cells. The two androgens testosterone and DHT, help to develop males sexual characteristics and The process described above can be seen in figure
Geanakoplos, Deno John. "On the schism of the Greek and Roman churches : a confidential papal directive for the implementation of union (1278)." Greek Orthodox Theological Review 1, no. 1 (January 1, 1954): 16-24. ATLA Religion Database with ATLASerials, EBSCOhost (accessed February 10, 2014).
Physicians are witnessing an explosion of interest in testosterone replacement therapy for both men and women. This is due in part to medical recognition of the condition of andropause - which has been described as being the male counterpart of menopause and is precipitated by hypogonadism, or testosterone deficiency.
The industrial revolution of 17th and 18th centuries saw the transformation of Britain from a Neolithic nation into an industrious nation. However, this spread quickly throughout the world, introducing the modernisation of agriculture, revolution in power and manufacturing of textile.
The Industrial Revolution involved many different areas of the world including Great Britain in Western Europe, the Yangzi Delta in China, and Japan (Bentley and Ziegler 652). Before the Industrial Revolution, manufacturing was done in people’s homes, using hand tools or basic machines (A&E Television Network). Technological development had a huge contribution to the development of producing goods by machines rather than by hand and sources of energy such as coal and petroleum (Bentley and Ziegler). Without this technological development, the increase of productivity would not have occurred. Much advancement leads to power machinery, factories, and mass production. With the increase of products being produced faster, a better system of transportation was improving (A&E Television Network).
Ullmann, Walter. A Short History of the Papacy in the Middle Ages. 2nd ed. New York City, NY: Routledge, 2003.