The Philadelphia Story
analytical Essay
1553 words
The Classical Hollywood style, according to David Bordwell remains “bound by rules that set stringent limits on individual innovation; that telling a story is the basic formal concern.” Every element of the film works in the service of the narrative, which should be ideally comprehensible and unambiguous to the audience. The typical Hollywood film revolves around a protagonist, whose struggle to achieve a specific goal or resolve a conflict becomes the foundation for the story. André Bazin, in his “On the politique des auteurs,” argues that this particular system of filmmaking, despite all its limitations and constrictions, represented a productive force creating commercial art. From the Hollywood film derived transnational and transcultural works of art that evoked spectatorial identification with its characters and emotional investment into its narrative. The Philadelphia Story, directed by George Cukor in 1940, is one of the many works of mass-produced art evolving out of the studio system. The film revolves around Tracy Lord who, on the eve of her second wedding, must confront the return of her ex-husband, two newspaper reporters entering into her home, and her own hubris. The opening sequence of The Philadelphia Story represents a microcosm of the dynamic between the two protagonists Tracy Lord and C.K. Dexter Haven, played by Katherine Hepburn and Cary Grant. Through the use of costume and music, the opening sequence operates as a means to aesthetically reveal narrative themes and character traits, while simultaneously setting up the disturbance that must be resolved.
Relying on the conventions of the silent film era, The Philadelphia Story uses “the expository intertitles to convey crucial information” relevant to the...
... middle of paper ...
...es” 19). The broken romance between Tracy and Dexter represents the first plot line, while the moral conflict between Macaulay, Elizabeth and the editorial they have to produce SPY Magazine represents the second. The second plot line is not explicit, however the viewer does receive a clue that the press will play a crucial role in the film. The opening sequence shows “The Philadelphia Story,” which is, later in the plot, the title of the tabloid editorial that SPY Magazine editor Sidney Kidd, played by Henry Daniell, assigns Macaulay and Elizabeth to write and photograph. The audience simultaneously views tabloid piece in the process of creation by Macaulay and Elizabeth, and the finished editorial within the world of the movie. Furthermore, the final image of the movie is one of a candid shot of the wedding taken by Sidney Kidd, which appears in the tabloid piece.
In this essay, the author
- Analyzes how the classical hollywood style is bound by rules that set stringent limits on individual innovation. the philadelphia story, directed by george cukor in 1940, is one of many works of mass-produced art evolving out of the studio system
- Analyzes how the philadelphia story uses expository intertitles to convey crucial information relevant to the narrative. the non-diegetic orchestra track conveys dialogue between the characters in the opening sequence.
- Analyzes how the use of costume and setting explicitly reveals tracy's and dexter’s social class, while implicitly disclosing her traits.
- Analyzes how the classical hollywood style is bound by rules that set stringent limits on individual innovation. the philadelphia story, directed by george cukor in 1940, is one of many works of mass-produced art evolving out of the studio system
- Analyzes how the philadelphia story uses expository intertitles to convey crucial information relevant to the narrative. the non-diegetic orchestra track conveys dialogue between the characters in the opening sequence.
- Analyzes how the use of costume and setting explicitly reveals tracy's and dexter’s social class, while implicitly disclosing her traits.
- Analyzes how the philadelphia story addresses sociological issues arising from the distinction between upper class tracy and dexter and the middle class macaulay and elizabeth.
- Analyzes how hollywood film raises problems only to resolve them. dexter leaving tracy sets up the audience's expectation that they must reconcile before the film ends.
- Analyzes how the background images in the credit sequence of the philadelphia story resemble a newspaper-printing block, pointing to the second plot — the creation of the tabloid story for spy magazine.
- Analyzes how the title and opening sequence present a self-conscious summary of what the film addresses. the broken romance between tracy and dexter represents the first plot line, while the moral conflict between macaulay, elizabeth and the editorial they have to produce spy magazine represent the second.
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- Cites wright, william, six guns and society: a structural study of the western, berkeley, los angeles, london, university of california press.
- Narrates nugent's "mr. smith goes to washington, 11 october 1939". variety: a sixteen volume set.
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- Analyzes how jonathon demme's film philadelphia embodies the g and q in lgbtq. the protagonist, andrew beckett, is fighting an ongoing battle with aids but continues to excel in his job at a prestigious law firm in philadelphia.
- Analyzes how the film has brought to light what people don't want to talk about and stereotyped all lgbtq with the same wreck less, careless, and erotic lifestyles.
- Analyzes how philadelphia's director, jonathon demme captured that not all gay men have to be sassy, wreck less, and promiscuous like the two men shown in the film vanishing point in 1971.
- Analyzes how beckett was one of the exceptions in hollywood's openly gay films where you can't tell if he is heterosexual or homosexual because.
- Analyzes how beckett faced the discrimination of being a homosexual, and the constant reminder he gave people with his disease because it automatically stereotyped him as wreck less by social media and hollywood.
- Opines that although andrew beckett has the overwhelming support and approval from his family, it didn't mean that he would be guaranteed a happy ending. he did have moments of curiosity and promiscuity that were not visually shown in the film.
- Explains that unlike most lgbtq films in hollywood, andrew beckett passed away from his deadly illness. he stood up for himself and got justice.
955 wordsRead More - The Use of Classical Hollywood Theory in Die Hardanalytical essayBeginning the mid 1920s, Hollywood’s ostensibly all-powerful film studios controlled the American film industry, creating a period of film history now recognized as “Classical Hollywood”. Distinguished by a practical, workmanlike, “invisible” method of filmmaking- whose purpose was to demand as little attention to the camera as possible, Classical Hollywood cinema supported undeviating storylines (with the occasional flashback being an exception), an observance of a the three act structure, frontality, and visibly identified goals for the “hero” to work toward and well-defined conflict/story resolution, most commonly illustrated with the employment of the “happy ending”. Studios understood precisely what an audience desired, and accommodated their wants and needs, resulting in films that were generally all the same, starring similar (sometimes the same) actors, crafted in a similar manner. It became the principal style throughout the western world against which all other styles were judged. While there have been some deviations and experiments with the format in the past 50 plus ye...
In this essay, the author
- Explains that hollywood's ostensibly all-powerful film studios controlled the american film industry, creating a period of film history known as "classical hollywood".
- Analyzes how die hard utilizes a step-by-step style of narration, where the end and the objectives of the protagonist, john mcclane, are not arrived upon until all complications are resolved and enemies in the film are eliminated.
- Explains that hollywood films have reconnoitered numerous ways to tell a story, styles of cinematography, and technological effects, but one element remains: the notion of 'neatly' happy ending.'
- Explains that hollywood's ostensibly all-powerful film studios controlled the american film industry, creating a period of film history known as "classical hollywood".
- Analyzes how die hard utilizes a step-by-step style of narration, where the end and the objectives of the protagonist, john mcclane, are not arrived upon until all complications are resolved and enemies in the film are eliminated.
- Explains that hollywood films have reconnoitered numerous ways to tell a story, styles of cinematography, and technological effects, but one element remains: the notion of 'neatly' happy ending.'
574 wordsRead More - Cinema Veriteanalytical essayAs “talkies”, or film with spoken dialogue, made their debut, Americans were struggling through the Great Depression. Being a relatively inexpensive form of entertainment, many people across the nation would attempt to escape into the fictional worlds that movies provided. In the 1934 film, It Happened One Night, the audience embarks o...
In this essay, the author
- Explains that the nineteenth-century was an explosion of industry and technology. the freudian revolution gave rise to expressionism and surrealism.
- Explains that cinema began as short, silent films spinning away on cellulose. with the release of the jazz singer in 1927 and the new vitaphone system, "talkies" replaced the silent film experience.
- Analyzes how the 1934 film, it happened one night, brings a sense of reality to this fiction based work.
- Explains that the nineteenth-century was an explosion of industry and technology. the freudian revolution gave rise to expressionism and surrealism.
- Explains that cinema began as short, silent films spinning away on cellulose. with the release of the jazz singer in 1927 and the new vitaphone system, "talkies" replaced the silent film experience.
- Analyzes how the 1934 film, it happened one night, brings a sense of reality to this fiction based work.
- Explains how hollywood editing was built on the principle of continuity. it employed multiple camera angles, close-ups, fade out and fade in, and flashbacks to enhance the drama while adding a realistic feel to the story.
- Explains how cinema verite, or "verite" means "truth", allowed artists to make bold statements in the 1950s and 1960s.
- Explains that restrepo won the the grand jury prize for best documentary at the 2010 sundance film festival.
- Analyzes how the first few minutes of the film set the tone. footage taken on a camera phone introduces "doc" restrepo with his fellow soldiers, obviously in good health and at ease.
- Analyzes how cinema verite reflects the zeitgeist in which it was produced. junger and heatherington made a powerful statement with their film restrepo.
917 wordsRead More - In The Pathos of Failure, Thomas Elsaesser explains the emergence of a new ideology within American filmmaking, which reflects a “fading confidence in being able to tell a story” (280) and the dissolution of psychologically relatable, goal-oriented characters. He elaborates that these unmotivated characters impede the “the affirmative-consequential model of narrative [which] is gradually being replaced by another, whose precise shape is yet to crystallize” (281). Christian Keathley outlined this shape in more detail in Trapped in the Affection Image, where he argued that shifting cultural attitudes resulted in skepticism of the usefulness of action (Keathley). In Robert Altman’s McCabe & Mrs. Miller and Roman Polanski’s Chinatown, this crisis of action is a key element of the main characters’ failure, because it stifles the execution of classical narrative and stylistic genre conventions.
In this essay, the author
- Analyzes how thomas elsaesser explains the emergence of a new ideology within american filmmaking, which reflects the dissolution of psychologically relatable, goal-oriented characters. christian keathley outlines this shape in trapped in the affection image.
- Analyzes how the equivalency between the crises of genre and masculinity frames this symbol saturation as a sort of compensatory masculine posturing.
- Analyzes how john mccabe embodies elsaesser's figure of failure through his behavior and characterization. his love for constance miller is withheld until nearly halfway through the film.
- Analyzes how thomas elsaesser explains the emergence of a new ideology within american filmmaking, which reflects the dissolution of psychologically relatable, goal-oriented characters. christian keathley outlines this shape in trapped in the affection image.
- Analyzes how the equivalency between the crises of genre and masculinity frames this symbol saturation as a sort of compensatory masculine posturing.
- Analyzes how john mccabe embodies elsaesser's figure of failure through his behavior and characterization. his love for constance miller is withheld until nearly halfway through the film.
- Analyzes how altman toys with the idea of mccabe's agency on a formal level, often through frustrating or denying the "action image" component of deluze’s proposed sensory motor schema.
- Explains that if the protagonist of a western film does not exhibit the characteristic goal-oriented drive and rugged individualism that describe the standard hero archetype, the film itself will not live up to the conventions of the genre.
- Analyzes how mccabe's deviance from the classic western hero archetype prevents the confrontation from resolving in one of the dynamic showdowns that are emblematic of western films.
- Analyzes how altman undermines the buildup by continuing the funeral dirge in place of more suspenseful music in the absence of non-diegetic music.
- Analyzes how mccabe's inability to take positive action renders him, and consequentially the scene itself, impotent.
- Analyzes how altman completely foregos non-diegetic music to create a profound sense of stillness. the visual potency of movements is also minimized through the liberal use of long shots.
- Analyzes how the hero's agency is compromised when the perception image is followed by an action image as he hesitantly confirms the kill.
- Analyzes how altman uses pans and zooms to emphasize spaces and objects in the mise-en-scéne. the narrative irrelevance of these shots underscores their function as genre affirmation.
- Analyzes how the motivated, action-oriented male protagonist is as central to the film noir genre as to western. chinatown is subject to crises of masculinity and genre that appear in mccabe & mrs.
- Analyzes how keathley's trapped in the affection image combines affection and perception by following gittes' line of sight up to the sign.
- Analyzes gittes' emotional and psychological distance from the viewer through his intentionally vague backstory. his experiences in chinatown, reasons for leaving the police force, and romantic history are mentioned frequently, but never explained to an extent that would allow audiences to empathize or understand his motivations.
- Analyzes how polanski emphasizes the camera through a zoom away from gittes’ assistant, bringing mr. mulwray into the image.
- Analyzes how polanski references his film's "noir-ness" in the first shot of the stash of pocketwatches; excessive dramatic shadows are themselves a convention of film noir.
- Analyzes how polanski calls attention to the genre by writing in direct references to noir tropes.
- Analyzes how the inclusion of western and noir tropes and symbols in their respective genres exposes their use as intentional genre signifiers to compensate for the films' failure to follow their traditional classical narrative structure.
- Cites elsaesser, robert, and keathley, christian. the last great american picture show: new hollywood cinema in the 1970s.
2198 wordsRead More - What Is The Importance Of Cooperation In Lord Of The Fliesanalytical essayOne of them is the following, which is the boys deciding to light a signal flare: “Now you been and set the whole island on fire.” Pg. 45. Ralph, the leader of these boys, declared that they would start a fire as a signal. A more practical action for survival would be gathering food in addition to creating accommodations (which is logical), but they ignored Piggy’s coherent and rational proposal. the result was them letting the jungle go ablaze, as well as a major setback. Had they proposed different strategies and nominated one as their focal strategy, the boys would be more successful in their endeavor to
In this essay, the author
- Analyzes how a group of english boys are stranded on an island, which is the ideal situation for complications. their lack of cooperation is more prominent.
- Analyzes how the boys, despite being immature, contain the capability of functioning as a society.
- Analyzes how the boys' cooperation is flawed, considering numerous instances in textual evidence that coincide with this imperfection.
- Analyzes how a group of english boys are stranded on an island, which is the ideal situation for complications. their lack of cooperation is more prominent.
- Analyzes how the boys, despite being immature, contain the capability of functioning as a society.
- Analyzes how the boys' cooperation is flawed, considering numerous instances in textual evidence that coincide with this imperfection.
- Opines that while the boys appear hopeless in cooperating professionally, there are paths they could take to achieve this much required cooperation.
- Opines that despite the negativity of this essay towards the boys' cooperation, their cooperation has potential to improve and upgrade their living status. one can only discover how this tragedy concludes by reading this brilliant work of literature.
458 wordsRead More - The explaination of ‘cinema of attractions’analytical essayBrownlow, Kevin 1994, ‘Preface’, in Paolo, C, Burning Passions: an introduction to the study of silent film, British Film Institute, London: BFI, pp. 1-3.
In this essay, the author
- Analyzes how gunning coined the term ‘cinema of attractions’, which encompasses the development of early cinema, its technology, industry and cultural context.
- Explains that the primitive period of the film industry was making films that appealed to their audiences due to the simple story.
- Explains that the film greats created the foundations in france and italy but the new money and film adventures travelled to america in the early 1900's.
- Analyzes how gunning coined the term ‘cinema of attractions’, which encompasses the development of early cinema, its technology, industry and cultural context.
- Explains that the primitive period of the film industry was making films that appealed to their audiences due to the simple story.
- Explains that the film greats created the foundations in france and italy but the new money and film adventures travelled to america in the early 1900's.
- Analyzes the impact of silent films on the film industry and how these modifications benefit and enhance the movie industry.
- Cites bordwell, d & thompson, k, film art : an introduction, 6th ed, mcgraw-hill, boston, pp.
1161 wordsRead More