Collective action of any form has long been besieged by a multitude of problems. Organizers must not only recruit individuals, motivate them, and find the correct way to direct these individuals in order to achieve goals. The resources needed to prompt collective action have varied throughout history as changes in technology have allowed organizers to tackle challenges to collective action in ever easier ways. This proposal seeks to examine two widely publicized movements that achieved varying levels of success in order to determine how effective traditional responses to challenges in collective action have been when organizers can utilize new technology. The issue that many groups face is one of motivating individuals. Social Identity Theory …show more content…
The first is by reducing communication costs. The use of social media platforms such as Twitter and Facebook, in addition to E-mail have made contacting politicians and institutions much cheaper. This also allows intragroup communication to be streamlined, allowing information to flow from organizers to group members seemingly instantaneously. Social media platforms also allow members to gain and disperse information while reinforcing their own commitment to the group. Social media platforms, in this sense alter the organizational structure and can reduce the impact of SITs three key variables. Finally, mass media become less important due to the relative ease of reaching a mass audience through social media. The information abundance in mass media also tends to level the playing field, as mass media have become so fractured that their reach is …show more content…
Members have been credited as being extreme liberals, Independents and Libertarians. Income inequality was the issue that triggered the initial protests that began on Wall Street in New York City. The Occupy movement offered few clear goals, instead focusing on messages and demands that were extremely broad and ill-defined (Kavada, 2015). Though the larger issue of income inequality has become an increasingly popular talking point for a number of politicians, few policy outcomes have emerged that can be linked to Occupy. Occupy has largely fallen out of political favor, as politicians initially supportive of the movement have long since ceased to mention the movement publicly (Smith, Gavin, & Sharp,
For how often the term ‘government’ is used, it can be difficult to understand in its entirety. At times, the government can seem like nothing more than a bother in our lives and some may question its true practicality. To understand exactly who has power and under what circumstances, as well as why government is necessary in the first place, it can be fruitful to explore it through the lens of principal agent problems and collective action problems. I will explain the scope of these problems, how and why they arise among members of a society, and how government attempts to solve them.
Throughout history, social movements have continuously formed because of a person who had the courage to stand up against the injustice they witnessed in every day live. When I was a child, I remember feeling as if it takes a superhero-like person to start a social movement. However, I have found that through the use of social media today, any person with a passion for making a change can spark a social movement. Social movements are a powerful way to help people believe that their voice matters and they should stand up for what they believe in. Before the advancement of technology, it took a lot longer for social movements to become prominent in society’s media outlets because of the difficulties of not having enough time in one’s life to
Assembly can lead to change or it can lead to horrible circumstances, sometimes planned or sometimes accidental. Over the years, people have used and abused their right to assemble, many have died, and even more have been arrested. But, many issues have changed because of this. Violence has been endured, and people’s lives have been changed. The Vietnam War is a perfect example of a group of protests that had many different outcomes.
Olson, Mancur Jr. “Collective Action: The Logic.” From Nivola and Rosenbloom. Classic Readings in American Politics. 2nd ed. St. Martin’s Press. New York: 1990. p 225-240.
In America, protest has been used throughout history as a vehicle to change. Protests bring attention to issues that would or could be overlooked or ignored. A current protest receiving national attention in our media is the Occupy Wall Street (OWS) protest. The Occupy Wall Street protest, along with other Occupy branch protests are essentially ineffective protests. When compared to successful protests in the past, they are not having as much success gaining public support. There are many reasons this could be the case. There is no clearly defined goal or a specified outcome resulting from the protests. They are managing their funds inefficiently and in many cities they are creating more problems than they are solving.
As seen today, this movement was wildly successful with outcomes that have had a direct action on the country’s progress. The movement was so successful because of its differences from previous movements. The strategies, structures, and messages employed led to the creation of many movements after.
Since the unemployment rate was high for a long period of time it began to make America’s wealth distribution even more unequal. In 2007, slightly before the recession, the top 1% wealthiest’s share of America’s total wealth was 24% (Gitlin 7). After the peak of the recession in 2011, the top 1%’s share had ballooned to 40% and the bottom 80% of Americans owned less than 10% (Jordan 2). The 1%’s wealth had jumped 16% in four years because of the loss of jobs by middle and lower class Americans (Gitlin 7). This created a situation in which the wealthiest were getting wealthier and the middle and lower class were getting poorer. It is obvious that a system that continues to work in this fashion is very unfair and is not going to work properly. This sense of immorality with the current direction in which the economy is moving and the built up frustration of this system are just some of the many factors that sparked the original protestors to create Occupy.
(Turner and Killian 1987) cited in (Diani 1992, p. 4) define social movements as a “collectivity acting with some continuity to promote or resist a change in the society or organisation of which it is part. As a collectivity a movement is a group with indefinite and shifting membership and with leadership whose position is determined more by informal response of adherents than by formal procedures for legitimizing authority”. Turner and Killian regard a social movement as a peculiar kind of collective behavior that is contrasted to regularity and institutional behavior. Additionally, Turner believes that social movements do not necessarily coincide with movement organisations, although these organisations can carry out a large part of the movement tasks and it is often help to control and speak for movements (Diani 1992).
Media has impacts on both socially and politically. Media has two main elements that are news and entertainment. People have argued if social media has a good impact on our society and some that has said that social media has a negative impact on society. The impact of media on the society extends to both social and political sectors. The first email was sent in 1971 with started social media. It has progressed from emails to messaging and emoticons on Facebook. About 1 in 4 people has at least one social media site (Whiteman). Social media can help to communicate others over long distances better, helps challenged individuals to enter society easier, easier to get the day’s news, and it can also help students in school.
The working class, faced with all the struggles that capitalism puts it through, is bound to revolt against the ruling class. During the 19th century, Marx states that “the workers begin to form combinations (Trades’ Unions) against the bourgeois; they club together in order to keep up the rate of wages; they found permanent associations in order to make provision beforehand for these occasional revolts. Here and there, the contest breaks out into riots.” Today, the working class hosts manifestations and form multiple organizations to help them through their struggles. In New York, the Occupy Wall Street movement organizes marches to demand fairer laws, such as universal health
Social media marketing is a simple option to add to the current promotional tactics being used by an organization. It is no longer optional; social media is mandatory for nonprofit organizations (Stengel). Studies have shown that many people think social media techniques complement traditional media; even more believe that blogs and social media influence the news coverage in traditional media tactics (Wright and Hinson 2008). There are a number of professionals that believe embracing social media is the only way for public relations to continue in the digital age. For example, Robert J. Key explains, “Public relations in the digital age requires understanding how your key constituents are gathering and sharing information and then influencing them at key points; doing so requires strategies that embrace the digital age” (Wright and Hinson 2008). Larry Weber, a renowned professional in implementing global public relations campaigns, also agrees that the communications world is moving in a drastically digital direction and in order to communicate effectively, one must understand this transformation (Wright and Hinson 2008).
Social media entails the use of phones, laptops and other portable devices. In social media, people can stay in touch with their loved ones; they can share ideas, comment on people’s ideas and like brands of various products. Mass media, on the other hand, is a combination of different technologies, and their main aim is to reach a larger audience (Pérez 2010).
Communication plays an important role and becomes an essential part in our daily lives. Today we have taken communication to new level as social media and social networking. They have had a tremendous impacts on the word, on our culture and in business as well. Social media websites are some of the most popular on the internet, such as Facebook, Twitter, Youtube, etc. They are the places where people can interact with others easily and expose themselves to strangers. Our generation and the younger ones have more opportunities to grow up with the new development of technology that will shape the way they live of communicating and sharing ideas. The social media causes some problems that lead to less social interaction and negatively affect students academic, but it also brings benefit to people that creates new social connections to bring people from all over the world to be closer.
Some of the ideas that are central to the idea that social media is a benefit to today’s society are that social media encourages increased communication with friends and family, provides fast access to breaking news and other information, and help business attract new business and correspond more quickly with their existing customers. Increased communication is important in all aspects of life. Keeping in touch with family and friends is easier than ever before. Whether it be a Facebook post or a tweet updating friends about exciting news or being able to see a picture...
Nowadays, social media is growing very rapidly throughout the whole world. Social media has changed the way that we communicate with others through using these common social networking sites like Face book, Twitter, and Instagram…For that, social media has positively and negatively impacted our life.