The EU enlargement is not only a historical benefit of the
EU, but also its obligation, having in mind the fact that the
Union has set this issue as its highest priority. The success of the enlargement depends not only on the vigor of the collective efforts that the member countries are making in this field, but it is also related with the support to this process from the citizens of the countries that want to join the Union. This is why the enlargement must be a fully prepared and transparent process that will see its success only if there is democratic support from all sides(1).
The enlargement is a complex economic, political and legal process. This paper will take into consideration the legal dimension of the EU enlargement, as defined and interpreted by the EU institutions, in order to provide better understanding of the characteristics and the dynamics of this process.
The paper will also try to offer an outcome solution for the two-decade long process that Macedonia has with Greece over the name of the country, which imposes a direct obstacle for the country's EU integration.
I. ABOUT THE LEGAL ASPECTS OF THE EU ENLARGEMENT
The legal aspects of the accession process are clearly listed in all of the founding treaties of the European Community, i.e. of the EU1
. More specifically, the Lisbon Treaty clearly states
1 The legal basis for the enlargement of the EU can be found in
Articles 49 and 6 of the Treaty on European Union (exArticle O TEU). Article that "every country – applicant for EU membership is subject of specific, legally defined accession process(3)."
In order to develop a successful strategy for EU accession, every applicant country must be aware of the legal nature and of the dynamics of the accession procedure, ...
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...2.09.2009.
[11] Mathias Roth (2009), Bilateral Disputes Between EU Member States and Russia, CEPS Working Document No. 319/August 2009, Centre for
European Policy Studies, http://www.ceps.eu.
[12] Stabilisation and Association Agreement between the Republic of
Macedonia and the European Communities and their member countries,
"Official Gazette of the Republic of Macedonia – international agreements", No 28, 13 April 2001 (p.19).
[13] United Nations Security Council, Resolution 817 (1993),
S/RES/817(1993), 7. April 1993, Resolution 845 (1993),
S/RES/845(1993), 18. June 1993.
[14] Interim Accord, United Nations-Treaty Series, 1995.
[15] Non-paper Chronology of Slovenia-Croatia Border Issue, http://www.esiweb/org/pdf. [16] Official Journal of the European Union, 30.12.2005, Commission
Decision of 15. November 2005 amending its Rules of Procedure
(2005/960/EC, Euroatom).
There are a number of methods EU legislation is formed for instance regulations, directives and decisions are three different types of EU legislation. I am going to briefly explain these three as the way they will be enforced are different.
struggle, however, fought under the guise of ethnic hatred. Bibliography Glenny M, "The Balkans, 1804-1999", 2000. Lampe JR, Yugoslavia as History. Twice There was a Country, 1996. Kegley and Wittkopf, "World Politics", 2001.
...s it liable and unique. It is descriptive and provides a lot of information but in the same time it is also analytical because it presents different aspects and primary sources of the Serb’s history. The parts of the book which relate to the origins of the First World War and the Balkan crisis are focused on the conflict between Serbia and Austria-Hungary, so it does not analyze all origins of the War, but it does analyze in depth the influence of Balkan nationalism for the outbreak and provides a large number of evidences for his arguments. The book compares and contrasts political and cultural history of Serbs and it is credible and objective. Relating to the First World War he also provides many primary sources and perspectives of different scholars. The book is authoritative and it is easy to notice that Corovic is an acknowledged expert on the subject.
Their action to prevent this was to dissolve the rest of Yugoslavia and created Serbia and Montenegro. This was the end of Yugoslavia.
Austria as the Main Barrier for Italian Reunification. Austria was one of the major barriers for Italian reunification taking place during 1815-1831. However, a number of other problems beset. Italian nationalists during this period that weakened the movement.
International politics as one may imagine includes foreign affairs. This is why the topic and focus of this paper revolves around the current event within Eastern Europe. It will focus on both Russia, Ukraine, and the world, and from it, it will be analyzed by using the resources provided within class. After all it is a International Politics course, and one of the best ways to effectively put the skills and knowledge to use is to focus on an event or current event. The paper will attempt to go over in a chronological order of the events that has happened, and what is happening currently over in Ukraine. Afterwards, an analyzed input will be implemented providing reasoning behind Russia's actions, and actions of the world, and potentially some solutions.
Time. November 20, 1989 Wallace, Charles P., “Across the Great Divide.” Time Europe. Nov. 15, 1999
The European Union (EU) is fundamentally democratic and is evident through its institutions, however, the current democratic electoral structure is of great concern. The EU is a new type of political system, often referred to as a sui generis, implying its uniqueness as there exists and a non comparable political body. The EU can neither regarded as a ‘state’ nor as an ‘international institution’ as it combines supranational as well as intergovernmental characteristics (Hix, 1999, p7). In this regard it has developed its own understandings of what democracy is. It is evident that the development of and spread of democracy is a central concept and foundation to all politics within the EU, and remains focuses on makings its governing institutions “more transparent and democracy”. The recent Eurozone crisis, it’s associated anti-crisis measures and the recent enlargement of EU have however re-invigorated debate about the EUs democratic legitimacy. At the heart of the debate are discussions not about whether the EU is an all-encompassing democratic institution but rather what are ‘democratic deficits’ or the democratic shortcomings that exist within this powerful economic and political union. Underpinning these divisions as Schmitter argues, are different understandings of what democracy is in the modern context and more specifically in the unique context of the EU. This essay will argue that the EU presents a unique type of political system that is fundamentally democratic, however, there are democratic shortcomings within its procedural and institutional structure.
The EU is a union of sovereign European states who share sovereignty based on treaty. The union also possesses competences in policy sectors with exclusive jurisdiction in the area of Economic and Monetary Union while others are shared with Member States (MS), the other powers belong to MS as derived from the conferral of powers art 5(2) TEU, 2(1) TFEU art.3 & 4 TFEU additionally other powers have been offered by the decisions of the European Court for direct effect on citizens
The UN mediation in Cyprus during this period is characterised by the complete absence of a clear idea of what the post-1974 political settlement should be. In other words, the UN did not manage to address questions like: should the Zurich-London Agreements be upheld? Did those agreements provide a viable solution to the Cyprus problem at the first place? If not, how could a new political settlement be justified and presented to the affected parties (Turkey and Turkish-Cypriots)? What guarantees could be given to the affected parties for future developments? How committed could the international community be in long-term in providing the necessary guarantees? If such commitments were not upheld by the guarantor powers and the rest of the international community during the events of 1974, why one could expect things to be different in the future?
In order to be a member of the European Union, an applying nation must first meet the requirements of membership as described in the Copenhagen Criteria. There are geographic, democratic and economic criteria. Geographically, the applying nation must be classified as a European nation, as exemplified by Morocco’s rejection. The applying nation must also have a secure and functional democratic government that only acts in accordance with the law. This means that any citizen should be able participate in the political system and that there are free elections with a secret ballot. The government must also respect human rights and have protection policies for minorities, meaning that a persons’ inalienable rights are protected by law and minority groups can retain their culture and language without discrimination. Economically, a country must have a functional market economy on which it can feasibly support itself and other member nations if need be. The country’s economy needs to be able to compete on a global scale and deal with economic pressures. There are also separate guidelines for countries wanting to convert to the Euro. Finally, countries that want to join must agree to uphold laws and regulations t...
The European Union stands on the threshold of unparalleled change over the coming years. The next waves of enlargement will be unprecedented in nature and continental in scale. This process has gained so much political momentum that it is now irreversible.
Mulle, E.D., Wedekind, G., Depoorter, I., Sattich, T., & Maltby, T. 2013. ‘EU Enlargement: Lessons from, and prospects for’. IES Working Paper 3. Pp 8-39.
Curtis, B., & Linser, W. (2004). NATO and EU Enlargement: Challenges for the New Europe . University of Washington. Retrieved December 10, 2013, from: http://jsis.washington.edu/cwes/file/nato_and_eu_curriculum.pdf
Ed. John Merriman and Jay Winter. "Slovakia." Europe Since 1914: Encyclopedia of the Age of War and Reconstruction. Vol. 4. Detroit: Charles Scribner's Sons, 2006. 2358-2359. World History in Context. Web. 11 Mar. 2014.