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Leopold the ecological conscience
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A Sand County Almanac is a non-fictional anthology, a collection of short stories, with some fictional aspects, written by Aldo Leopold. The underlying theme that Leopold uses to connect about 50 short stories is that of nature, nature’s importance, and lack of appreciation, all of which tie into the main topic of the book, conservation of the wilderness. The book is organized into four different sections. The first section Leopold’s account of a year on his secluded farm titled “A Sand County Almanac”, the second section is titled “The Quality of Landscape” and is comprised of short stories that discuss the land in various areas, section three is Leopold’s appeal for life in the country and the wilderness titled “A Taste for Country”, and …show more content…
While most conservationists would focus on the negative impacts that modern society has had on the environment, Leopold focuses, for a majority of the book, on the simple things that one can enjoy that can only be appreciated if one witnesses or experiences it in person. Leopold not only shares these experiences with the reader but also makes the reader able to “see” what he saw through his fantastic writing and even allows the reader to go on impossible adventures through the use of creative and imaginative storytelling. Leopold is almost quite literally allowing the reader to see the world through his eyes not only through fantastical experiences and stories but also through his views and mindset. Most of the book showcases the marvels of nature, which is for lack of a better word fun, but once the book start getting to its end Leopold starts showing the darker colors that are witnessed as a …show more content…
This part is comprised of seven chapters, each about a different aspect of living in the country from what to do in your free time to its influence in American culture. In the first chapter titled “Country” Leopold describes the difference between “land” and “country”. Leopold states that land is, “where corn, gullies, and mortgages grow” while country knows “no mortgages, no alphabet agencies, no tobacco road”. According to Leopold “poor land may be rich country, and vice versa”. What Leopold means by land is the product that people value not based on by beauty but by location or natural resources, to Leopold country is more than location near the city or being able to farm but is about natural beauty and is valued by quality not by quantity, like land is.
The last chapter in this section is titled “Goose Music” and in it Leopold discusses how the native part of man is getting filtered out of us by modern practices. Hunting is no longer a daily part living and thus has caused society to become disconnected with the land. This connection to the land is what separates modern society from the past and is why the environment needs to be conserved in the first
From the prologue through chapter one in “Wilderness and the American Mind”, the author emphasizes the affect wilderness had on the Europeans during the colonization of America. In today’s society, we are familiar with the concept of wilderness but few of us have experienced the feeling of being encapsulated in the unfamiliar territory. Today we long for wilderness, crave it even. We use it as an outlet to escape the pace of life. However, we have a sense of safety that the Europeans did not. We are not isolated in the unfamiliar, help is usually a phone call away. Though we now view the wilderness as an oasis because we enter at our own terms, in the early colonial and national periods, the wilderness was an unknown environment that was viewed as evil and dangerous.
Although Leopold’s love of great expanses of wilderness is readily apparent, his book does not cry out in defense of particular tracts of land about to go under the axe or plow, but rather deals with the minutiae, the details, of often unnoticed plants and animals, all the little things that, in our ignorance, we have left out of our managed acreages but which must be present to add up to balanced ecosystems and a sense of quality and wholeness in the landscape.
Cronon, William “The Trouble with Wilderness; or, Getting Back to the Wrong Nature” ed., Uncommon Ground: Rethinking the Human Place in Nature, New York: W. W. Norton & Co., 1995, 69-90
Leopold would most likely approve of the work being done to preserve Gorongosa National Park and would agree with Wilson in that nature is our home and we should treat it as such, but Leopold, unlike Wilson, argues that it is our moral obligation, and not just our pleasure, to respect nature. Additionally, Wilson seems to focus specifically on the plants and animals that make up an ecosystem, but Leopold extends his focus to non-living components such as soil and water because they are instrumental in maintaining the integrity of land communities. Leopold might urge Wilson to make sure that he is not simply educating people at Gorongosa, but really help them genuinely understand land ethics. This way, humans can evolve a sense of praise and approval for preserving the integrity and beauty of the biotic community (262), and social disapproval for doing the exact
In my generation, I am able to catch what is relatively the tail end of this slow extinction. And to be quite honest, I had not devoted a moment of thought to this phenomenon until I read Leopold’s passages. In fact, I am always the first one to compliment a new highway project that saves me five minutes of driving or even a tidy farmstead as I pass. Now, more than ever, my thoughts are in limbo. It was just last week when my dad pointed out an area off the highway that displayed miles of slowly rolling cornfields. His reaction was to the beauty of the countryside. Mine was to question his. I found myself thinking about all of the hard work that created that beauty, and then how much more beautiful it was fifty, a hundred, or even two centuries ago. Only the mind’s eye can create this beauty now, and that is exactly why Leopold’s concerns are validated.
In his journal, Thoreau muses upon twenty years of changes in New England’s land and beasts. He lists the differences in plants and animals, comparing them to past accounts and descriptions. He questions if the growing human presence has resulted in “a maimed and imperfect nature.” Cronon believes that this is an important question to consider. He points out that although changes do happen in nature, it is not so easy to determine how they changed. He is also not sure if Thoreau’s description of “a maimed and imperfect nature” is the correct way to refer to ecology, since it is by its essence, a fluid system of changes and reactions. Cronon does not deny the impact of
the idea of the wild and its importance and necessity of human interaction with the wild.
In his article The Modern Hunter-Gatherer, Michael Pollan recounts the events that took place during his first hunting trip. Both during and after the hunt, Pollan struggles with an array of emotions that he conveys directly with his audience. From this struggle, a moral complication is formed regarding the direct relationship of death between humans and animals. By not giving a direct answer regarding the question he introduces of whether animals and humans experience death in the same way, Pollan leaves his text open to interpretation which ultimately forces his audience to view hunting through a more challenging, introspective lens.
He brings to mind all those who suffered and fought for the freedom known as the American Dream. He prompts an emotional response from the reader to show how those early settlers, the slaves, the farmers, the factory workers, the common laborer, all those who gave a part of themselves for this land felt as they fought for the “mighty dream” (???) of America. Even though there is still the hope of that dream, it is unobtainable for many. No matter how hard they work, no matter how determined they are, they will never be more than what they are as long as there are those in power who constantly step on and dominate in order to obtain and keep the power they desperately desire. But the heart of America is strong and must fight to keep the dream alive because without hope, the American people have nothing to live for. It does not matter where one comes from or what one does. The American Dream is for everyone, is what keeps America alive, and is in the heartbeat of every American citizen. “We, the people, must redeem” or land “and make America again”
I think that in this chapter Leopold is showing the reader how the different people see the land and the things in and around that land. He also tells us that even the conservation commission feels impelled to kill animals and birds to help the production of a lesser species.
Leopold’s view is a glorified dream at best. While most people do acknowledge the need for some type of ecological consciousness, the one illustrated by Leopold is far from probable. Today’s society is overrun with the desire for speed and convenience, and driven by competition. Asking the busy world to stop, step backward, and work the concerns for such things as soil, rocks, or oak trees into its contracts and agreements is a foolish notion. It has come to be that to most individuals, the sight of a city skyline that is bustling with business and life is just as pristine as the sight of a natural forest.
“The laws, the indulgent laws.” The repeat of the word laws in this section shows how generous he believes America is. He infers that European laws are unfair and that they are made to harm the poor. He repeats laws to emphasize how opulent America is compared to Europe. With the inference of unfair laws by Europe and the repetition of fair laws by America, his side has been proven that America is better than Europe. “They receive ample rewards for their labors; these accumulated rewards procure them lands; those lands confer on them the title of freemen.” The recurrent use of rewards and then lands further expresses his conclusion that America is there for him where Europe is not. He uses rewards to infer that even after his hard work in Europe, he was still left in poverty, but in America his work lead to rewards. These two strategies elaborates on his feelings of Europe and America. Repeating the words and inferring the negative things Europe had to offer, he was able to prove how America has better opportunities than
The main idea of the film is to show habitat destruction and its impacts on the environment. It succeeds in showing the rapid rate at which logging and land–clearing is taking place. Such human activities impact heavily on the native flora, fauna and people. The natives are unable to adjust to their deteriorating environment, as a result, the flora and fauna are completely wiped out and the indigenous people are either forced to move to other parts of the forest or into the city. One of these options heightens the competition between tribes and animals for resources, while the other is totally unrealistic, as most native people have no education and do not have the skills to survive city life.
In the books Desert Solitaire and Encounters of the Archdruid the views of two Edward Abbey and David Brower are challenged by an ever so changing world. Whether is the industrial tourism taking place in the national parks or the damming of the Glen Canyon River, these men were part of an ever so changing world that needed a reassessment of the importance of natural preservation. While not always successful they managed to get their messages across, that nature is a vital part of our world and its preservation is essential to the quality of life human beings.
During the early stages of civilization, man considered nature to be an unconquerable adversary, however, as time went on nature became exploitable through technological advancements and man’s own need to conquer the unknown. The attitude that nature is to be exploited causes many people who are in the business to “look through, rather that at” nature and the resources it provides for us. (Wilderness and the American Mind). The motivation to exploit nature is not purely to conquer the once impenetrable barrier that is natural world around us, rather, it is to construct different types of infrastructure and to overall improve people’s lives. Nature impedes human progress so land developers and capitalists have decided that it is more efficient to not only regard nature as a nuisance, but to also make the decision that man can better progress without undeveloped nature. In the painting “View