Plastic materials have become so numerous that you cannot go through a single day without touching something made of plastic. Toothbrushes, ballpoint pens, unbreakable dishes, cabinets and knobs for machines and appliances, light switches – all of these things and many more are made of plastic.
It seems hard to believe that before 1869, there was no such thing as plastic. The first plastic, celluloid, was invented in 1869 by John Wesley Hyatt, (Meikle 5). A $10,000 prize had been offered to anyone who invented a material that could replace ivory for making billiard balls. In his experiments, Hyatt dissolved nitrocellulose and camphor in alcohol. This produced a solid, white material that could be pressed into blocks. The celluloid blocks could then be cut and ground into billiard balls. Mr. Hyatt won the prize and patented his invention (10, 11). For more that 40 years afterward, Hyatt’s celluloid was the only kind of plastic.
Manufacturers began making it into combs and brushes, buttons, piano keys, handles, and stiff collards and cuffs for men’s shirts (24, 25). Celluloid also became the main material for making plates for false teeth. The celluloid plastic was lighter and had less taste than the hard rubber that had previously been used to hold false teeth. George Eastman, a manufacturer of photographic equipment, invented a way to make celluloid film. Photographers until then had been taking pictures on chemically treated glass plates.
The main problem with celluloid was that it caught fire easily. In 1909, Leo Hendrik Baekeland, a Belgian chemist living in New Jersey, invented a new kind of plastic called Bakelite. Bakelite was hard to burn and impossible to melt. Telephone sets were among the first products made from Bakelite (34-50).
Since the early 1900’s, many different plastics have been developed, each having a special characteristic or advantage that makes it good for various purposes. Some plastics stood heat better, while some withstood shock better. Some could be spun into thread from making fabrics such as nylon. In 1938, Du Pont publicly announced the new synthetic fiber, nylon. The memo, that went out announcing nylon, defined “Nylon is the generic name for all materials defined scientifically as synthetic fiber-forming polymeric amides having a protein-like chemical structure; derivable from coal, air and water, or other substances and characterized by extreme toughness and strength and the peculiar ability to be formed into fibers and into various shapes such as bristles, sheets, etc” (138, 139).
The rattling commencement of plastic was appointed by Aleksander Parkes He presented a material called Parkesine ,which was both named after him and an non- synthetic material derived from cellulose ,which when heated could be molded and wrought, and after cooling the substance sustain the shape it was primitively wrought into. As time advanced plastic had become more in demand and is now one of the most common materials of our time. In terms of quantity us humans are using twenty times more plastic today than fifty years ago.
Social networks are living their big explosion and organizations can not remain outside it. Improve positioning, branding, business communication, creativity, participation, knowledge management. Multiple business processes can be benefited through use. Sites like Facebook and Orkut, with over 300 million users, 210 MySpace, Hi5, Twitter, Tuenti, with respectively more than 80, 50 or 40, surely they are already
Gatsby’s life is a vivid display of dissatisfaction and he takes extreme measures to create a life that he is happy with. In his earlier years, Gatsby lived on a North Dakota farm before deciding that he wanted to create a better life; he changed his name from Jimmy Gatz to Jay Gatsby and moved to New York, where he believed he could create a wealthy life (98). Gatsby is successful in achieving his goal of wealth, albeit through illegal bootlegging, yet he still feels he is not accomplished without Daisy. Gatsby is confident that he can get Daisy to love him again, however he is unhappy with the fact that she was ever married to Tom. He want’s Daisy to renounce her marriage to Tom, to tell him “I never love you”, essentially erasing the past four years of her l...
Jay Gatsby was a wealthy businessman who gained his money through the illegal practice of bootlegging. Gatsby’s love interest, Daisy Buchanan, was a materialistic woman who was married to the domineering Tom Buchanan. She seemed to care for nothing more than money. Gatsby was in love with Daisy, and went to all lengths to win her over. Gatsby’s only motivation for obtaining all of the money that he did was to become appealing to Daisy. Since Daisy was married, the idea of love between Gatsby and Daisy was forbidden. This very concept made the relationship all the more desirable. Gatsby becomes obsessed with his relationship with Daisy to the point that he was delusional. His only objective was to win Daisy back.
Firstly in the novel the Jay Gatsby though represented otherwise truly loves Daisy Buchanan. Every action that Gatsby takes highlights his love for Daisy. A time this was demonstrated was in chapter four when Jordan Baker tells Nick Caraway, “Gatsby bought that house so that Daisy would be just across the bay.” (Pg. 78). Gatsby could have purchased
Jay Gatsby, the protagonist of the novel, who gives his name to be the book title. He is a newly wealthy who comes from the Midwest. The story begins with him as a dreamer who is charming and mysterious. He is the son of an unsuccessful farmer who later estranged himself from the family and transforms himself from James Gatz to Jay Gatsby. After meeting with Daisy Buchanan, everything he does is for the desire of wanting her. He tries any unscrupulous method to gain money because money is an issue that prevents them to be together. As the story continues, it becomes clearer and clearer that all he does is for the purpose of fulfilling his unrealistic dreams. The only desire of him is to reunite with Daisy Buchanan, the love of him five years
Jay Gatsby was determined to be with Daisy Buchanan again. It was apparent that he was madly in love with her. Throwing extravagant parties and hoping to find her in attendance was just one of the ways Gatsby tried to lure his love back into his arms. Gatsby would do just about anything to get what he wanted, his own friend described him as “quick and extravagantly ambitious” (Fitzgerald 101). Though Daisy never show...
He based his whole life on one person, and one person only. This person is Daisy Buchanan. Jay Gatsby and Daisy Buchanan met when Gatsby was in the war. When Gatsby had to leave he told Daisy to wait for him because he would be back for her with all the money she could ever want. But Daisy could not wait her whole life for Gatsby to become rich so she married Tom Buchanan. Gatsby did not give up, he came back to West/East Egg with a lot of money, and moved into an enormous mansion. In a conversation between Jordan Baker and Nick Carraway, Nick Carraway believes that Gastsby’s house being across the bay from Daisy’s house was only a coincidence. Jordan Baker explains, “Gatsby bought that house so Daisy would be just across the bay,” (78). He always wanted to have Daisy close to him and just out of his reach. But this is how Gatsby kept his life meaning close to him. He believed that he needed Daisy to fulfill his dream to stay alive. Jay Gatsby was not willing to just give up on Daisy Buchanan, until the very end when he realizes that his dream of every living happily with Daisy is gone. “I have an idea that Gatsby himself didn’t believe it would come, and perhaps he no longer cared. If that was true he must have felt that he had lost the old warm world, paid a high price for living too long with a single dream” (111). Gatsby believed that he needed Daisy to fulfill his meaning of life. He is killed
Today’s unprecedented technological advancement has accelerated the pace at which everyone is living. Time becomes a limited resource that every person tries to make the most use of. Therefore, convenience is the major quality highly valued in today’s world. Plastics strongly demonstrate such quality; plastics are light-weighted and disposable. Consequently, the use of plastics is prevalent, from simple objects, such as bags and bottles, to more complex components, such as computer boards. The benefits of plastics are countless; for instance, plastics are disposable and waterproof. However, many critics have raised questions regarding the threats posed by phenomenal plastics. What are the downsides of plastics? How should we cope with the plastic pollution around the globe? Susan Beraza has the answers to
... converting plastic waste into useful products are being affected by pollution; this contamination is found within containers where plastics are collected. But the same risk of pollution carries downside consequences in which workers and people responsible for cleaning and disinfecting the plastic materials are not doing the best to eliminate plastic waste, and to disinfect the infected bacteria and microorganisms from the atmosphere and environment. Organizations from China and India are the largest in the world, they collect and purchase used plastic from United States, Europe, Asia and Latin America (Minguez 2013). These companies do not bother to sanitize the products before the recycling process; for this reason the planet earth is getting a worse environmental condition, and it is destroying lives of living beings, and natural resources as well (Uddin 2014).
... sensitized paper with a emulsion of gelatin, to keep inert until used. In 1886 this was replaced by a more stable product made of a plastic material called celluloid. Which delivered a much crisper image yet still had the draw of being highly flammable and deteriorate quickly if not kept at a low temperature.
Millions of plastic bags are given out to consumers by supermarkets and stores to carry their goods in. They are also cheap, light, durable, easy to carry and in many cases, free. The most commonly used shopping bag is made of High Density Polyethylene (HDPE). This type is used in the majority of supermarkets and stores. After these bags are used, they often end up in landfills or as litter, roughly only three percent of plastic bags is actually recycled per year (Planet Ark, 2011). The materials used in making plastic bags make them non-biodegradable. According to the science dictionary, 2011 refers to “these materials cannot be decomposed into environmentally safe waste materials by the action of soil bacteria.” These harmful substances are toxic and take approximately four hundred years to break down, or in this case photo-degrade; which is how plastics made from (HDPE) break down. Since they are not biodegradable, they remain in the environment and are absorbed in soil or water (Indian Centre for Plastics in the Environment, 2010). This essay will discuss the various harmful effects of plastic bags, and demonstrate the risks that these bags impose on humans, animals and the environment. It will also discuss a series of suggested solutions that could help reduce plastic bag usage.
One of the most important things to point out the impact of social networks in the business field is e-commerce. In older times companies project their advertisements either on the television or in newspapers or billboards. It was just an one way communication, which did not yield attractive returns from the consumers. But now companies use social media platforms as a two-way communication medium. For instance, we can see in documentary movie “Generation Like”. Companies are now turning the Facebook ‘Likes’ into the good money. ‘Likes’ button on the Facebook has a great importance. More the likes you have more the value you gain. When one like something online, a product, a brand or a celebrity it becomes part of the identity that they broadcast to the world in free. Companies are getting free advertisers in the form of their consumers (Generation Like). Social media profile information is really valuable to the advertisers for the promotion of their product. This help the companies in market research. Some companies tend to outsource their social media asset management to their advertising partners. By acting social networks as stepping stones, social media marketing can gain a lot of benefits including relationship building, brand building, publicity, promotions and so on. So, it can be concluded that social media marketing proposes several opportunities for entrepreneurs, small businesses, midsize companies and huge
Being convenient enough for everyday use and even tasting better to some, plastic bottles are a popular way of consuming beverages. They are convenient and to some people, can even taste better. However, the process of manufacturing and transporting the millions of bottles produced is detrimental to the environment. Continued use of plastic bottles could exponentially hurt the planet.