Patient Report:
Name: Paul
Age: 52
Analysis: We have been told that Paul has been involved in a fall whilst climbing a ladder at work.
Diagnostic Techniques:
Physical Techniques- X-RAY -we can do an x-ray on Paul do to him falling over at work doing this will give us an understanding if Paul has suffered any broken bones. Soft tissue, such as skin and organs, cannot absorb the high-energy rays, and the beam passes through them. Dense materials inside our bodies, like bones, absorb the radiation. White areas will show up where denser tissues, such as bones, have absorbed the X-rays also letting us see a picture of his bone trying to find out if has broken anything.
The Advantages of using X-ray on Paul are:
• Are fast the results of X-rays are
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• They are particularly useful for showing soft tissue structures, such as ligaments and cartilage, and organs such as the brain, heart, and eyes.
The Disadvantages of using MRI on Paul are:
• Bone and calcium do not show up on an MRI scan.
• MRI scanners can be affected by movement.
• Sometimes the sensitivity of MRI scans can create problems by picking up incidental findings — that is, apparent 'abnormalities ' on the scan.
Biological Technique:
Haematology- we can do this which is basically a blood test on Paul due to how old he is we can do the haematology on him because he might have fatigued when he had fallen. Haematology is a branch of medicine concerned with the study, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of diseases related to blood. Haematology includes the study of ethology. It involves treating diseases that affect the production of blood and its components, such as blood cells, haemoglobin, blood proteins, bone marrow, platelets, blood vessels, spleen, and the mechanism of coagulation.
The advantages of using haematology on Paul are:
• No slide distribution
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• CT scanning provides medical information that is different from other imaging examinations.
• Takes not a long time.
The disadvantages of using CT Scan on Jasmin are:
• There still a chance of exposure to radiation.
Physical Technique: MRI- we can use this to test on Jasmin due to her having confusion and this could help us determine what is the problem.
The advantages of using MRI on Jasmin are:
•Unlike other imaging forms like X-rays or CT scans, MRI doesn 't use ionizing radiation.
•MRI scan can provide information about the blood circulation throughout the body and blood vessels and enabling the detection of problems related to the blood circulation.
•They are particularly useful for showing soft tissue structures, such as ligaments and cartilage, and organs such as the brain, heart, and eyes.
The Disadvantages of using MRI on Jasmin are:
•Bone and calcium do not show up on an MRI scan.
•MRI scanners can be affected by movement.
•Sometimes the sensitivity of MRI scans can create problems by picking up incidental findings — that is, apparent 'abnormalities ' on the
My interest in MRI started when I first read the book “MRI, The Basics” written by the author Ray Hashemi. By the time I successfully finished my MRI clinical placement in Tehran University of Medical Sciences, I knew for sure that MRI would be the field I would be choosing to take on. What attracts me most about MRI is how beautifully scientist could create a technology that can take advantage of the magnetic moments of human body for imaging it without any harms of ionizing radiation. Although there are drawbacks to MRI, combining it with other modalities would be a more effective approach to an accurate diagnosis.
What needs to be assessed is how these full body scans are produced. It is produced through radiation through computed tomography. And, is the amount of radiation that a patient is receiving necessary. Radiation exposure is harmful. According to the FDA website
A common tool that forensic units use is the ultra violet or UV light. Ultra violet light can detect different areas that contain blood that might not be able to be seen in other conditions. Another common tool is the blood reagent test that forensics use on scene. These tests determine if the blood is human or animal. Renee Blake - "The 'Renee Blake'" There are different types of bloodstain patterns that give a sense of what happened at the scene.
The MRI, on the other hand is less expensive and much safer (as it doesn’t expose the patient to potentially harmful radioactive chemicals). The MRI or magnetic resonance imaging device, as an safer alternative, applies a powerful magnetic field around the head of the patient.
...tance, which creates contrast, and having a Magnetic Resonance Imaging scan, Computed Tomography (CT) scan, or a fluoroscopic X-ray.
Computed tomography (CT) and Radionuclide imaging (RNI) are both a form of diagnostic imaging. Since they have been first introduced in medical imaging they both suffered a huge development over the years in terms of image acquisition and also patient radiation protection. The following essay it is going to focus on just a few important things that make CT and RNI similar and different in the same time. However this subject can be discussed in much depth, the focus is going to be on the similarities and differences of the physics imaging methods and also a small awareness of biological effects and radiation protection.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) has been around since the 1930s. An MRI machine has a great purpose in the medical field. It is a radiology technique that uses magnetism, radio waves, and a computer to produce images of body structures, such as a patient’s head, chest, blood vessels, bones and joints, and much more. MRI machines help doctors figure out what is wrong with their patient's bodies. It allows doctors to take a closer look at a certain location and see things that other machines cannot see. By using this machine, it helps doctors figure out the problem faster and allows them to try and find a treatment or a cure.
Magnetic resonance angiography (MRA), similar to CT, uses a magnetic field and pulses of radio wave energy to provide pictures of blood vessels inside the body. A dye is often used during the procedure to make blood vessels appear clearer. Lastly, a cerebral angiogram may be done. This is an x-ray test, where a catheter is inserted into a blood vessel, usually in the groin or arm, and moved from the vessel into the brain. A dye is also injected.
During the late 1970's, the world of diagnostic imaging changed drastically due to the introduction of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, also known as MRI. For over 30 years, they have grown to become one of the most significant imaging modalities found in the hospitals and clinics ("EDUCATIONAL OBJECTIVES AND FACULTY INFORMATION"). During its ancient days, these machines were referred to as NMRI machines or, “Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Imaging.” The term “nuclear” comes from the fact that the machine has the capability of imaging an atom's nucleus. Eventually, the term was dropped and replaced with just MRI, because “nuclear” did not sit well with the public view ("EDUCATIONAL OBJECTIVES AND FACULTY INFORMATION"). Many people interpreted the machine to produce an excess amount of radiation in comparison to the traditional X-ray machine. What many of them were unaware of, MRI does not disperse a single ounce of ionizing radiation making it one of the safest diagnostic imaging machine available to this date. MRI machines actually use strong magnetic fields and radio waves to produce high quality images consisting of precise details that cannot be seen on CT (Computed Tomography) or X-ray. The MRI magnet is capable of fabricating large and stable magnetic fields making it the most important and biggest component of MRI. The magnet in an MRI machine is measured on a unit called Tesla. While regular magnets commonly use a unit called gauss (1 Tesla = 10,000 gauss). Compared to Earth's magnetic field (0.5 gauss), the magnet in MRI is about 0.5 to 3.0 tesla range meaning it is immensely strong. The powerful magnetic fields of the machine has the ability to pull on any iron-containing objects and may cause them to abruptly move with great for...
Radioisotopes have helped create advanced imaging techniques. Beforehand, X rays could only provide so much information such as broken bones, abnormal growths, and locating foreign objects in the body. Now it is possible to obtain much more information from medical imaging. Not only can this advanced imaging give imaging of tiny structures in the body, but it can also provide details such as cancerous cells and damaged heart tissue from a heart...
Cherif, A. H., Jedlicka, D., Al-Arabi, A., Aron, R., & Verma, S. (2010). Effective Understanding of the Human Body Organs: A Role-Playing Activity for Deep Learning. American Biology Teacher, 72(7), 447-450. doi:10.1525/abt.2010.72.7.11. Retrieved from Academic Search Premier database.
...arious parts of the body such as head, jaws, neck, spine, arms and legs as well.
In addition, the fact that I could see how does a body looks like when it faces medical problems such as obesity, arthritis, several cancers such as breast and colon cancer, bone fractures, osteoporosis and many other diseases, cr...
Anatomists, morphologists and biologists have tried to understand the way living creatures are living, and what they look like inside. Dr. Frourie in 1974 painfully cut organisms into thin slices, to study their internal arrangement to better understand them. Today, these people use CT scanners instead. It is a lot easier, less bloody, takes shorter time and the sample is not affected or destroyed during the procedure- the advantages are numerous. This technique enables us to visualize the inside of us humans, organisms or other objects in 3-D geometry.
Before the discovery of X-rays in 1895, it was impossible to look inside human body, without causing harmful side effects. The famous quote of Anna Bertha Ludwig - “I have seen my death” is a testimony to this. In ancient times, the only way to study internal human organs was the dissection of dead bodies. Additionally, this was also subject to availability or religious beliefs. Leonardo da Vinci made 240 detailed sketches between 1510 and 1511, which were way ahead of their time. Unfortunately, it could not be published, except for a small amount in 1632. Images aide in visualization of illnesses (e.g. a malignant tumor), which are impossible to observe from outside of the body. A surgeon must know the various attributes of the tumor like location and size, before she can operate on it. Similarly an oncologist needs this information to decide the course of treatment e.g. tumor size and metabolic activity may be needed to determine the number of chemotherapy sessions. With images, all this information can be obtained without cutting open the patient. And what’s remarkable is that u...