I intend to explore the effects of a parietal brain injury
from the perspective of a neuropsychologist; ranging from types
of tests that are employed when trying to determine the extent
of the damage, to gaining an understanding of how this damage
will affect the rest of the brain and/or the body. I will also
explore the effects of a brain injury from the perspective of
the family members, and their experiences with the changes that
occur during the rehabilitation process.
According to The Neuropsychology Center,
“neuropsychological assessment is a systematic clinical
diagnostic procedure used to determine the extent of any
possible behavioral deficits following diagnosed or suspected
brain injury”(www.neuropsych.com). As mentioned previously, a
brain injury can be the result of many types of injuries or
disorders, thus a broad range of assessment procedures have been
developed to encompass these possibilities. Two types of
assessment procedures that are currently being used are the
Luria-Nebraska Neuropsychological Battery (LNNB), and the
Halstead Russell Neuropsychological Evaluation System (HRNES-R).
The LNNB is used to diagnose cognitive deficits, while the
HRNES-R indicates both the presence and degree of impairment.
Both procedures involve tasks that require the patient to
complete a series of functions that test abilities and/or
perceptions. Such tasks would include, but are not limited to,
problem solving, memory, sensorimotor functioning, and
psychological/emotional status.
Other testing procedures that are commonly employed, in
order to gain a better visual image of the excitatory activity
in the brain are the PET scan and the MRI. According to Kalat
(2004), these methods are non-invasive, meaning that they don’t
require the insertion of objects into the brain, yet they yield
results that allow researchers to record brain activity. The
PET scan (positron emission tomography) involves the researcher
injecting a radioactive chemical into the patient’s body, which
is then absorbed mainly by the brain’s most active cells. With
the use of radioactive detectors, placed around the patient’s
head, a map is produced that shows which areas of the brain are
most active. The MRI, on the other hand is less expensive and
much safer (as it doesn’t expose the patient to potentially
harmful radioactive chemicals). The MRI or magnetic resonance
imaging device, as an safer alternative, applies a powerful
magnetic field around the head of the patient.
Courage is a deed that can be portrayed in many ways. In the Historical Fiction novel To Kill a Mockingbird written by Harper Lee, there are many acts of racism and problematic cases where acts of courage are demonstrated in different and unique ways that can only be deciphered if one reads in between the lines of the words. There are three characters in particular who show courage in diverse ways. First, there is Arthur Radley who anonymously shows courage by performing tasks that cause him to face the outside world where he’s been isolated from for so long. Secondly, there is Scout Finch who demonstrates courage through her adolescent age. Lastly, there is Atticus Finch who displays courage through his selfless and kind actions. Therefore, in the novel To Kill a Mockingbird, Harper Lee uses diverse characters to represent different acts of courage.
The first aspect that qualifies Antigone as a tragic hero is her high social s...
In conclusion, true courage is the ability to confront something even if one is “licked from the start. Tom Robinson, Mrs. Dubose, and Atticus Finch all display real courage throughout Harper Lee’s novel To Kill a Mockingbird. Tom Robinson, being an African-American, living in a prejudiced town and having a crippled arm, still helped Mayella, gave a truthful testimony and tried to escape prison. Mrs. Dubose courageously overcame her morphine addiction despite her age and pains. Atticus’s real courage drove him to put aside the criticism and risk, and take up and fight the Tom Robinson’s controversial case. It is evident that these three characters in To Kill a Mockingbird display acts of real courage even when they know they are fighting a losing battle.
"Courage isn't an absence of fear. It's doing what you are afraid to do. It's having the power to let go of the familiar and forge ahead into new territory." ~John Maxwell. In To Kill a Mockingbird, Scout (Jean Louise Finch), Jem (Jeremy Atticus Finch), and Atticus Finch display acts of valor that contribute, and in some cases encourage their rectitude. Harper Lee demonstrates that acting courageously can lead to an improved, sustained, or newly developed personal integrity.
Courage is not something that we are born with, it is a skill that takes time to learn and only a few are lucky enough to have it. To Kill a Mockingbird is not only about life in a world full of hate, it is about standing up for anyone’s beliefs being brave enough to do it. In this story, Harper Lee says “Courage is not a man with a gun in his hand. It's knowing you're licked before you begin but you begin anyway and you see it through no matter what. You rarely win, but sometimes you do” (Lee 112). In To Kill A Mockingbird, Harper Lee illustrates courage through Atticus Finch, Mrs. Dubose, and Arthur Radley.
This play makes one reconsider what make people righteous and what make them temporarily lose judgment. I find it very interesting because no matter how old this play is, the concept is real and initially got through to the audience. It taught me that sometimes one must break the rules to do the right thing. Antigone does this by challenging Creon’s orders and organizing a proper burial for her brother Polyneices. Sometimes one must follow the rules to do what is right. Creon allowed his pride to get ahead of his priorities. He did not follow the wishes of the gods and was therefore penalized. Just like in this play, life is confusing and full of choices. We must find the light of truth and justice amongst the chaos in life.
To begin with, Jem and Scout determine that courage means doing what is right, even if it involves life threatening risks. In chapter eleven, Jem Finch, has ruined the patches of Mrs. Dubose’s lovely camellias. As soon as Atticus has heard of Jem’s little act of rebellion, he gives Mrs. Dubose the opportunity of deciding Jem’s punishment. Specifically, she establishes that Jem shall read to her every day after school. After Jem has finished his retribution, Atticus informs him of Mrs. Dubose’s death. As a result, Atticus speaks of Mrs. Dubose’s bravery. Jem starts to ask his father why he thinks this of Mrs. Dubose. Atticus replies, “I wanted you to see what real courage is, instead of getting the idea that courage is a man with a gun in his hand. It’s when you know you’re licked before you begin but you begin anyway and you see it through no matter what. You rarely win, but sometimes you do” (Lee 112). Accordingly, Atticus is trying to show that heroism comes from the people who do what their gut says is right, because that is courage. Mrs. Dubose wanted to die a pure woman instead of someone who had an addiction, which she successfully succeeded in. Another example of courage comes from when Atticus ta...
To many people, courage means bravery and admiration. In the novel To Kill A Mockingbird by Harper Lee, it teaches us there is a different type of courage – moral courage. Moral courage means doing the right thing even if it risks disoblige, reputation, punishment, or being laughed at. The theme of moral courage seems underlying at first in the book, but through the actions of some characters it becomes apparent. Atticus Finch a lawyer, widower, and father shows this theme by defending and guarding a black man. Another character that shows the theme of moral courage is Ms. Dubose, a frail old lady, who was a drug addict fighting a battle with morphine. Through the interactions with these characters, Scout and Jem learn that courage is different than they expect it to.
Scout believes at the beginning of the book that courage is all to do with physical feats like fist fighting. Scout and Jem though Atticus was courageous when he shot the mad dog, but Atticus just shrugged it off telling his children that that is not ?real courage?. The children soon see that moral courage is more valuable after Miss Dubose said "Your father's no better than the niggers and trash he works for!" Chapter 11, Page 113 after they walked past her house. On the way back Atticus just walked by and told Mrs. Dubose, ?you look as pretty as a picture? Mrs. Dubose was so stunned that she could not say a word back to him. Later Jem and scout leaned how courageous Mrs. Dubose really was after Jem cut up her camellia bushes, the kids found out that she was a morphine attic brave enough to get off the drug that killed her.
The dictionary’s definition of courage is, “The ability to do something that frightens one; bravery.” The book To Kill A Mockingbird, by Harper Lee, is set in Maycomb, Alabama in the 1930’s. To Kill A Mockingbird is narrated by Scout, a young girl, daughter of Atticus Finch and the sister of Jem Finch. She has multiple important role models that teach her lessons as she grows; one of the lessons that she learns about is courage. Courage is a major theme throughout the book. Throughout TKAM, courage is shown when people know they will fail, but they still try; or when they risk their social and normal life to help others. The characters Miss Dubose, Atticus Finch, and Arthur (Boo) Radley show courage through the book.
The subjectivity to the mental health process offers has the potential for clinicians to misjudge or misdiagnosis mental disorders if patients. When developing a diagnosis mental health providers should develop a diagnostic system to navigate through the countless descriptors’ and symptoms a client may exhibit to differentiate behavioral, cultural, psychotic, and situational information. Cuthbert and Insel (2013) describes a diagnosis as the most important function for health care providers perform to ensure the true nature of a patient’s aliments are identified in order to serve the optimal medical care. Competent diagnostic interviewers take an investigative approach to their intake to account for all the “polythetic [of] symptoms list[ed]
Depression. Alzheimer’s. Autism. Stroke. Each of these words correlates with negative connotations. They afflict the mind, snatching away members of society like a ghost in the wind, leaving empty, damaged shells in their wake. Days drag into a dull grey blur, mental capacities weakening with each moment. For decades, medical researchers, working tireless hours with stark determination, have committed themselves to finding the cures to these and many more diseases that affect the brain. These scientists leapt over obstacles, ducking under impossibilities to see the clear picture, the clear goal. They refused to stop before discovering treatments that took the form of chemical drugs. Despite this, these treatments come riddled with side effects, strong chemicals alleviating some symptoms while bringing more into play. So research continued. Now, repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) has risen as a potential treatment for various mental disorders. Although many chemical drugs have spelled relief for countless victims of depression and bipolar disorder, repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation stands strong as the most effective treatment for mental disorders because of its influential effect on multiple disorders, minimal display of side effects, low potential for weaponization, and high capacity to surpass chemical drugs.
“Courage is when you know you’re licked before you begin, but you begin anyway and you see it through no matter what” that what Atticus Finch thinks Courage is. Courage is a major theme in the book by Harper Lee called To Kill a Mockingbird and how it is shown in the characters of this novel. Courage is shown in Jem, Scout, Mrs. Dubose and the main character which showed a lot of courage was Atticus.
During my second year of medical school, while on my clinical psychiatry rotation, at Duke University, I was asked to interview a depressed women with terminal malignant melanoma. I can still recall this experience, as if it happened yesterday, instead of almost 35 years ago.
However, iIn spite of the current pre-eminence of e-books, it may be argued that they are not likely to replace print books anytime soon or possibly at all. Both formats have their advantages and drawbacks, which makes for one of them difficult to replace the other. Moreover, they serve differents needs and purposes. E-books are famous for their portability. Hundreds of e-books can be stored on a single device. Thus e-books don’t take shelving space and are convenient to take on travel, while even a few paper books are bulky and quite heavy to carry around. Numerous e-books are in open access, while paper books are not routinely available free of charge. E-books may be acquired and accessed immediately online, a feature I enjoy especially and treasure most: many a time I was able to buy and read an e-book at home within minutes of learning of its existence. Needless to say, e-books are considerably easier to cite and quote than print books, since the copy-paste feature spares us the trouble of retyping the quoted text. Another important advantage of digital books is their specialized software, which makes reading much easier: search and reference tools, changeable font size and day/night mode, dictionaries. Last but not least, e-books conserv...