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Essays on panopticism
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Ever since the idea of the Panopticon came to light, the idea of watching people without being seen has been widely used in modern society. For example, “the spread of disciplinary procedures,” that Foucault describes, which is, “not in the form of enclosed institutions, but as centers of observation disseminated throughout society,” can be seen from the National Security Agency to society itself, making it seem as though the idea of Panopticism is being used on the population every day (Foucault 196). In Foucault’s section about Panopticism in his book Discipline and Punish: The Birth of the Prison, he states that the idea of the Panopticon could not only work in a prison, but could work in a psychiatric facility, hospital, school, or factory. The auditions occur throughout the first semester of every year and are open to all high school students. During the Texas All-State Choir auditions, individual singers are taken from a large holding room with all the students who have not auditioned, to a small holding room with other singers. From the small holding rooms, which are monitored by volunteers, the individual singer is led to the room they compete in. The individual singer never hears any other singers when they compete, and if they do, the holding room will be moved. For example, my senior year of high school, I was one of the first competitors. In the holding room while one of the first competitors was singing, we discovered that we could faintly hear the other singer. Although she was singing a different part, they moved the holding room farther Although a majority of singers I knew found this as an anxiety, I never did. For me, the curtain was a blessing because I could not see how the judges reacted. Due to this, I took the “power” upon myself. The only way to lessen the constraint of their power is to not acknowledge they are even there. One way to practice this that my choir director always told us to use was to stand in the shower with the curtain drawn to practice. Not only can you hear yourself better in the bathroom, but the curtain stimulates you just like the curtain in the audition room. She would tell us that we could set up stuffed animals, pets, siblings, parents, or other object or people that could simulate the judges, just outside the curtain. Being able to practice the mental overthrow of the judges on the other side of the curtain typically helped calm the curtain anxiety some students had. But, regardless of what was on the other side, you never truly knew what was there. Like in the Panopticon, the singers know the judges should be there, but not if they are truly there. Which is similar to the prisoners who knew the guards should be there, but did not know if they truly were there. But similar to the singers, and unlike the Panopticon, the judges cannot see what is on the other side. Although the judges never view the singer, they observe the
As a result, at the end of the 18th Century, Foucault mockingly tells the story of how our society became “humane” and the public cried out for punishment without torture. When the invention of prisons came about, most people chose to forget the disappearance of public executions. Foucault states: “Today we are rather inclined to ignore it: perhaps in its time, it gave r...
However, there are other critiques that take a different approach on the oppression that exists in the novel. In "Urban Panopticism And Heterotopic Space In Kafka 's Der Process And Orwell 's Nineteen Eighty-Four,” Raj Shah argues that the way in which society in novel is oppressed is not an obvious oppression but one that focuses on constant surveillance. He uses Foucault’s arguments on panopticism to describe this. Shah states, “Foucault neologizes panopticism to describe a form of power relying not on overt repression, but rather upon the continuous surveillance of a population and the consequent strict regulation of the body” (703). He explains it is the constant surveillance that strips individuals of their rights and places them under oppression. He goes on to
In “Panopticism” Foucault states, “the major effect of the Panopticon: to induce in the inmate a state of conscious and permanent visibility that assures the automatic functioning of power” (Foucault, pg. 201). The function of the Panopticon is to keep the prisoners orderly by instilling fear inside of them, this fear forces them to stay in their cells, and to remain compliant. The Panopticon is a building designed for surveillance.
Perhaps no other event in modern history has left us so perplexed and dumbfounded than the atrocities committed by Nazi Germany, an entire population was simply robbed of their existence. In “Our Secret,” Susan Griffin tries to explain what could possibly lead an individual to execute such inhumane acts to a large group of people. She delves into Heinrich Himmler’s life and investigates all the events leading up to him joining the Nazi party. In“Panopticism,” Michel Foucault argues that modern society has been shaped by disciplinary mechanisms deriving from the plague as well as Jeremy Bentham’s Panopticon, a structure with a tower in the middle meant for surveillance. Susan Griffin tries to explain what happened in Germany through Himmler’s childhood while Foucault better explains these events by describing how society as a whole operates.
At the beginning and end of the musical the audience sees a single lamp. This lamp is turned on in the beginning and off in the end. This marks the beginning of the audition, but also the hope for a casting or a callback. The lamp extinguished is a symbol for the end of another audition, another let down. In addition to the lamp, the background mirror is the other scenic item. The mirror is strategically moved throughout the musical and is symbolic of the performers search for self. Every performer is given the opportunity to reflect upon their lives and who they are. After Cassie begs to be a part of the chorus line she has a dramatic scene where she tries to prove her prowess as a dancer; "The Music And The Mirror" reflects Cassie's struggle as a performer and her struggle with her sense of self. The scenic designer purposely leaves the audition room bare --the mass of the space empty-- to emphasize the importance of self-reflection; no other objects are needed only the mind and
In Panopticism by Michel Foucault, Foucault discusses the measures to be taken when the plague appeared in a town. He talked in death about the abnormal individuals that were stricken with the plague and the individuals were lepers and excluded from society. Strict partitioning occurred during the plague, the towns closed and individuals who attempted or left the town were sentenced to death. Stray animals were killed and the town was divided into districts that were governed independently. The syndic was in charge of the quarantine and would walk around to lock the door of each house form the outside (Foucault 282). The plague resulted in a need for order and aimed for a disciplined community. It was important, at this time, to measure and supervise the abnormal individuals. Anyone could become sick and become abnormal. And in this case, abnormal was extremely dangerous to other individuals in the community. Also separated from society were lepers. The leper gave rise to rituals of exclusion (Foucault 284). The aim of separating the lepers was to create a pure community. There was ...
The begging of middle school our choir consisted of Sopranos, Altos. This was mainly due to the fact that we didn’t hit puberty yet. That year I found my niche. This was exciting for me because I wasn’t like my brothers who are athletic. My 7th and 8th grade year were the years I made a difference. To add on to the Sopranos and Altos the guys were now baritones and that was a big deal. During my 7th grade year we sang Phantom of The Opera. My friend Jon and I sang a duet and received a standing ovation. The following year was just as good due to the fact we sang Broadway medley. I sang Part in the South Pacific song aint nothing like a dame. Later in that piece I had a whistling solo for the king and I. this was so cool to do because people thought I was going to sing and I shocked the by whistling. High school was a big change because we now had 4 parts: Soprano, Alto, Bass, and Tenor. Our choir consisted of 50-60 students and 40 of them were girls. I was very intimidated by this but didn’t let this stop me. I sang tenor and our section was about five people but we were the strongest section. We hosted State Large group which is where judges rate your choir you can receive division 1, 2,3,4,5. One would be the best that you could receive. We also had honor choirs you could go to. I went to one in Waverly, Iowa at Wartburg College called the Meistersingers Honor choir. While I was there I sang tenor 2. This Honor choir was about 600 high school students plus the Wartburg choir. This particular honor choir was special because we sang with Simone Estes, the famous opera
Not only did my paper on Foucault’s “Panopticism” focus on literary elements, it also influenced the way I look at the situations around me. Within my essay, I specifically focused on my experiences within a nursing home. In my paper, I write “The nurse’s station and the necessary staff rooms are at the center of the unit, similar to the central tower. Conversely, this makes the resident’s rooms similar to cells and the resident’s inside, comparable to prisoners” (2).
Prisons act as a total institution where inmates are put on a strict schedule and fall under one of the most gruesome forms of social control. Because of this, many inmates rebel resulting in prisons having to increase security and impose stricter punishments. As a result of this, less effort has been put into helping mentally ill inmates. The term panopticon, coined by Bentham illustrates the concept that the prison design would allow guards to see into cells but not allowing prisoners to see out. Thus, this would allow guards to have omniscient power over the inmates. Fortunately, this never worked as a prison, however prison has created a type of mental health panopticon. This allows for mentally ill parents to feel like they are always being observed; similarly to that of an experiment. Despite prisons best attempt to equally serve all inmates to the best of their ability, prioritizing security and punishment has lead to a mental health panopticon. As a result, prisons environments have exacerbated negative behaviours, created an inhumane environment for prisoners and lack the means to aid in mental health.
In Michel Foucault’s Discipline and Punish, he examines the role of the panopticon in the prison system in the eighteenth century. The panopticon was a method to maintain power and to ensure good conduct amongst prisoners. The panopticon is described as a central tower where one in power can oversee the surrounding area. Surrounding the center tower are cells containing prisoners. The inmates aren’t able to communicate with one another. Also, the prisoners are unable to distinguish whether it is a guard on duty watching their every move. The architectural design of the panopticon gives guards or those in power the upper hand. As a result of the prisoners being unable to determine whether someone ...
Michel Foucault may be regarded as the most influential twentieth-century philosopher on the history of systems of thought. His theories focus on the relationship between power and knowledge, and how such may be used as a form of social control through institutions in society. In “Truth and Juridical Forms,” Foucault addresses the development of the nineteenth-century penal regime, which completely transformed the operation of the traditional penal justice system. In doing so, Foucault famously compares contemporary society to a prison- “prison is not so unlike what happens every day.” Ultimately, Foucault attempts to exemplify the way in which disciplinary power has become exercised in everyday institutions according to normalization under the authority network of individuals such that all relationships may be considered power relations. Thus, all aspects of society follow the model of a prison based on domination. While all aspects of society take the shape of prison, most individuals may remainignorant of such- perhaps just as they are supposed to. As a result, members of society unconsciously participate in the disciplinary power that aims to “normalize,” thus contributing to and perpetuating the contemporary form of social control. Accordingly, the modern penal regime may be regarded as the most effective system of societal discipline. [OK – SOLID INTRO]
However, it is heavily questioned by scholars of surveillance studies for the fact that prisons, from which the idea originated from, do not necessarily employ such concept as securing the exits and entrances of the prison is the goal and principle of prison operation and the ultimate way of taking control (Alford, 2000). Foucault’s idea is also under fire for its overemphasis on control and discipline because he neglected visibility is also a necessary factor that enables individuals to resist such control mechanism in the world (Gordon, 2002). Foucault’s understanding of visibility is a product from his empirical research on the marginal and extreme institutions like prisons and asylums in the past. It proves to be dysfunctional in real-world settings despite Foucault’s efforts to prove societies function just as a Panopticon where everyone is always being watched and lives in a power relation they contribute to. The Panopticon itself is a revealing concept, but it was never
In his book titled Discipline and Punish: The Birth of the Prison, Michel Foucault explores the beginning of the modern-day prison system and the culture of surveillance that it has created. Foucault argues that the modern penal system is one that executes mental and psychological punishment w...
Originally derived from the measures to control “abnormal beings” against the spreading of a plague, the Panopticon is an architecture designed to induce power with a permanent sense of visibility. With a tower in the center, surrounded by cells, the prisoners can be monitored and watched at any given time from the central tower. The goal of this architectural plan was to strip away any privacy and therefore create fear induced self-regulation amongst the prisoners, with an unverifiable gaze - The prisoners can never identify when and by whom they are being observed from the tower.
Michel Foucault’s essay, “Panopticism”, links to the idea of “policing yourself” or many call it panopticon. The panopticon is a prison which is shaped like a circle with a watchtower in the middle. The main purpose of the panopticon was to monitor a large group of prisoners with only few guards in the key spot. From that key spot, whatever the prisoners do they can be monitored, and they would be constantly watched from the key spot inside the tower. The arrangement of panopticon is done in excellent manner that the tower’s wide windows, which opened to the outside and kept every cell in 360-degree view. The cells were designed so it makes impossible for the prisoners to glances towards the center. In short, none of the prisoners were able to see into the tower. The arrangement of cells guaranteed that the prisoner would be under constant surveillance. This is the beauty of the panopticon that anyone can glance at the cells from the tower but no prisoners can see the tower. The prisoners may feel like someone is watching, and know the he or she is powerless to escape its watch, but the same time, the guard in the tower may not be looking at the prisoners. Just because the prisoners think that someone is watching them, they will behave properly.