Europe is undergoing a process of integration, with various visions of what this unity will look like in the future whether supranational or intergovernmental. According to the treaty of Lisbon article one ‘Europe is a union of independent countries’ (Treaty of Lisbon). It must however, be understood that today within the European Union (EU) there exists two main thoughts that directly contradict each other. The first bloc sees the future of Europe as a Federal entity (Supranationalist) and the second bloc are those who want unity but between independent governing units (Integovernmentalist). This conflict has defined the European project and its institutions throughout its entire history.
But by the 90’s, “security in Europe” transformed in response to the changes taking place in Soviet Union after the fall of communism. The concept broadened and deepened, with the former referring to inclusion of non-military threats like “environmental degradation, spread of diseases, mass refugee movements, etc. and the latter means taking into consideration the security and rights of individuals and groups” (Booth & Wheeler, 1992). There was more emphasis on the external context, including both societal and individual dimensions rather than only with the boundaries of the EU. Realizing this, it was only during 1999 that the EU found that it is imperative to develop political will and means to become a peace actor in the global arena (Kyriakos, 2011).
"Conventional Wisdom? The Effect Of Nuclear Proliferation On Armed Conflict, 1945-2001." International Studies Quarterly 56.1 (2012): 149-162. Academic Search Premier. Web.
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She challenges the questions related to a national identity. It is interesting that something that questions the national identity would be distributed at Expo 67; but, it provides in... ... middle of paper ... ...ally and Joanne Sloan, 27-46. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2010. Miedema, Gary. “Changing the Meaning of the Word ‘Canada’: State-Sponsored Public Religion at Expo 67.” In For Canada’s Sake: Public Religion, Centennial Celebrations, and the Remaking of Canada in the 1960’s, edited by Gary Miedema 114-136.
Six ways to reform democracy. Retrieved from http:// http://bostonreview.net/BR31.5/gerken.php Lorimer , R., Gasher, M., & Skinner, D. (2008). Mass communication in canada. (6 ed.). Don Mills, Ontario: Oxford University Press.
This is important as in Canada, Aboriginal people are often recognised to h... ... middle of paper ... ...place of retreat’. I think this is particularly important as it reflects old/new Colonial space. Old (Aboriginal) space/New (Colonial) space My map illustrates all of the space in Kingston as Old Aboriginal space, and new colonial space. The St Lawrence River outlet that begins near Kingston Lake Ontario was formerly the known as the Cataraqui River. This illustrates how Indigenous space has been redefined as colonial space through the process of history.