Nt1310 Unit 1 Lab 1

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As the Fig 1 showing, the node which generates the packet is the source node. There are many sensor nodes in a 3-D interest area. The packet is delivered among these sensor nodes and finally try to reach one sink node. Sink nodes are deployed on the water surface. In the figure, it is a multiple-sink topology. Multiple sinks equipped both radio-frequency and acoustic modems are fixed on the water surface.The packet is assumed delivered successfully if it reaches any one of the sink nodes because sink nodes use radio-frequency channel to communicate with each other which is several orders of magnitudes faster than acoustic channel.

The routing protocols for wireless sensor networks and underwater wireless sensor networks can be roughly …show more content…

The location of each node and structure of the network are mostly fixed. There are many routing protocols proposed for land-based networks like Directed Diffusion and TTDD. It requires periodically updates if it is adapted to dynamic topology, which is not energy efficient. For example, GPSR is typical geographic-based routing protocol for land-based sensor networks.
- Routing protocols for high dynamic topology: the topology of the network is highly dynamic underwater because nodes move passively with water currents. These routing protocols are designed for sensor networks with dynamic topology like UWSNs.

The routing protocols for UWSNs can be categorized into two classes according to the preconditions they assume:
- Geographic-based routing protocols: the protocol require the full-dimensional location information as the precondition. There are some popular protocols like Vector-Based Forwarding (VBF)[2] protocol. (section 3)
- Localization-free routing protocols: the protocol does not require the full-dimensional location information, all it need is the depth information of each node. The most popular routing protocol in this class is Depth-Based Routing (DBR) [1] protocol. (section 4)

The routing protocols for UWSNs can be categorized into two classes according to the number of the sinks,which is the destination and the final

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