The brain is an astonishing product of evolution. This can be seen by our numerous technological developments and society structure. The brain has always been the most important organ for species that had developed past the cellular stage and has always performed the same functions that it does now but has developed constantly to where it is now through growth and a reorganization of its’ primary functions and gained the ability to learn has been something that the human brain does better than other brains. Our brains have not always been like this and many social and biological factors have led us to where they are now.
The portion of the study I find most convincing is that regarding neuroplasticity. Neuroplasticity, or brain plasticity, is the brain's ability to reorganize neural pathways based on new experiences. (1) Simply put, every day we experience and learn new things. In order to incorporate this new information into our brains, the brain must reorganize the way it processes that information. Thus, as we learn things, the brain changes.
Neuroplasticity involves changes in neural pathways and synapses that make up for changes in behavior, the environment, and resulting body injury. It can occur on many levels ranging from small scale effects, like cellular changes, to grand scale effects, like cortical remapping. (Wiki?) A consequence of this effect is that brain activity associated with a specific function can move to a different area of the brain to make up for the deficiency in a particular function. This process is thought to occur normally throughout the brain and recently, it has been thought to occur in response to brain injury as well. Researchers are interested in the differential involvement of brain regions and the alteration of cortical networks due to these injuries (slob paper). Due to the inability to create new neurons in the brain, researchers have proposed a hypothesis that synaptic networks re-organize based on the task and previous experience to meet task demands. This paper explores the hypothesis that persons with TBI recruit additional cerebral resources, the process of cortical rearrangement, to meet demands placed on the brain.
In closing, the normal functioning of the brain and nervous system is vital for basic bodily functioning and processes. Injury, disease or abnormal structure of the brain will greatly affect one's behaviour, emotional regulation, mental processes and functioning. The brain will respond to any trauma, injury or abnormality to accommodate the dysfunction. During this response, the brain will physically change, the process called neuroplasticity, and attempt to "rewire" the brain to return to normal functioning. In the treatment of many cases as previously discussed, the aim was to reconnect neurons and the theory of neuroplasticity was the foundation behind it.
The nervous system includes the brain and spinal cord of the central nervous system and the ganglia of the peripheral nervous system. The functional unit of the nervous system is a neuron. It is estimated 100 billion neurons reside in the brain with some neurons making anywhere between 10,000 to 100,000 connections with other cells! A distinctive class of neurons, mirror neurons discharge both when the individual executes a motor action and when he/she observes another individual performing that same or similar action. These mirror neurons were discovered by neurophysiologists in the 1990s at the University of Parma, Italy. Using macaque monkeys, these researchers found that neurons of the rostral part of the inferior premotor cortex were activated both when the monkey made goal-directed hand movements (grasping, holding, & tearing) and when the monkey observed specific hand movements done by the experimenters (Pellegrino, et al., 1992). In a monkey’s inferior frontal and inferior parietal cortex, it is estimated that about 10% of neurons have “mirror” properties.
Positivity, family support and regular therapy enables neuroplasticity to occur efficiently and effectively as ones brain is constantly stimulated by new experience and receptive to change. Therefore, neuroplasticity is more likely to occur and enable one to recover from brain injury or trauma as effectively as possible while taking into account the severity and type of injury or trauma.
The brain is a very complex organ that researchers are still trying to fathom. The main parts are the Frontal lobe, Central sulcus, Parietal lobe, Occipital lobe, Cerebellum, Temporal lobe, Sylvian fissure. Each of these parts are responsible for the various movements one does, the thinking process, memory and many other functions. For example the Frontal Lobe can be associated with reasoning, planning, parts of speech, movement, emotions, and problem solving. When one of these parts are damaged and/or not functioning properly, this could lead to a Neurological disorder. But the brain can constantly adjust to new situations or diseases by making new internal connections this is known as plasticity. The brain also has two main cells which carry out all the information and are vital one functioning properly....
According to Berlucci and Butchel (2009), plasticity describes an alteration in neural organization. Plasticity may be to blame for several types of behavior changes both short-term and permanent, such as growth, learning, injury, aging, and adaption to various settings. While several authors have attempted to more appropriately define the term, researchers are inclined to relate the theory to essentially any deviation found within the nervous system. Today, the method of behavior change can mostly likely be described by the alteration of synaptic transmission amongst neurons.
The human brain plays a big role in the functioning and co-ordination of the body. The human brain is divided into three key parts namely the fore brain, midbrain and hind brain. The average weight of the human brain is about 1.5 kilograms. The cerebrum is the major part of the human brain. Below the cerebrum is the brainstem and underneath the brainstem is the cerebellum. The male and female differ in a number of ways ranging from size, genetics, location, specialisation, connections among other differences. The differences are critical in the different ways men and women differ while they respond to a problem, what they think and what they talk.
Neuroplasticity is the brain’s ability to change itself. Through stimulus, the brain can strengthen certain neural pathways until eventually that behaviour becomes the new default pathway your brain takes. As the neurons in our brains fire when we perform a specific task, it strengthens that neural pathway and after they have done this enough times it rewires the brain. This in essence is our experiences changing our brain. Changing your brain doesn’t have to be anything extreme. For me it was as simple as not wanting to lose my keys and forcing myself to always put them in a specific location when I came home. Now, after about a month I
Neuroplasticity is the most popular area of research in psychology. The topic of the research is the brain and how it has the ability to self-restructure in response to training or practice. (Torres, 2009) The concept of neuroplasticity is wide-ranging, unclear and not exactly new. As a matter of fact, the theory is from the mid 1800’s and comprehensively researched in throughout the 1990’s (Bernad, 2010) Despite this fact it remains the utmost unswerving and essential discoveries we possess to date.
In the recent years, and even months, my intellectual interests have shifted as I arrive closer to realizing my purpose in life. I completed high school with the idea that pursuing Neuroscience would be the perfect career for me, however once I delved into my first semester of college, that vision changed. My mission life, which stems from the core of my beliefs, is to spread goodness into the world. Recently I discovered the value of life and the importance of appreciating that which surrounds us. Although I respect Neuroscience as a discipline, I could not see myself fulfilling my purpose in this field. I am instead beginning to take classes in Philosophy and Sociology and Anthropology in hopes that this track will allow me to explore ideas
I believe it is very important for me as a black woman to be aware of my place in society and to understand how it affects others. I do not have the option of reflecting just myself or my family, but also black women, black people in America. My decisions have a ripple effect. So, in the process of choosing my major and goals for my future I took this into consideration.
Neuroscience is the scientific study of the nervous system. The nervous system consists of the brain, spinal cord, and the peripheral nerve. It is what makes us humans, it is how we think and move and makes us who we are. To simplify much more, it is about the study of the brain and how it works.