The Internet is a global system of interconnected networks that serve several billion of users worldwide. These millions of interconnected networks consist of public, private, government, academic and business networks which amount to around 903,909,315 hosts. Cisco also estimated that by 2015, there would be 3.47 devices connected per person resulting in around 25 billion devices connected to the Internet. The Internet is continuously growing primarily because people are relying on it more and more. For instance, many financial and legal transactions rely on the Internet like stocks and bonds trading. Air traffic also controls the Internet in order to access coordinated times to plan flight paths and this is only naming a few applications that need the Internet to carry out specific tasks. One thing these applications require is accurate, reliable time and in the case of financial and legal transactions they will need real-time access to databases that could be distributed over an internet of many networks. Time synchronisation may seem like a minor matter and it is for a person who is setting the time on their wristwatch within a minute or two with their TV time. Now, we’ll say this person set their computer clock time within a minute or two of their wristwatch and the computer clock got rate errors ten times the wristwatch. This would not matter if the only problem the person experienced due to clock errors was that the occasional email arrived before it was sent. However, if you applied the same kind of time synchronisation to a distributed airline reservation system it could result in a seat being sold twice or for a financial transaction like stocks where an online stock trade is completed before it is bid. This i...
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N.p., n.d. Web. The Web. The Web. 24 Mar. 2014. The 'Standard' of the 'Standard'.
In this lab, we used Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) which is a connection oriented protocol, to demonstrate congestion control algorithms. As the name itself describes, these algorithms are used to avoid network congestion. The algorithms were implemented in three different scenarios i.e. No Drop Scenario, Drop_Fast Scenario and Drop_NoFast Scenario.
N.p., n.d. Web. The Web. The Web. 30 Apr. 2014. The 'Standard' of the 'Standard'.
N.p., n.d. Web. The Web. The Web. 03 Mar. 2014. The 'Standard' of the 'Standard'.
N.p., n.d. Web. The Web. The Web. 04 Apr. 2014. The 'Standard' of the 'Standard'.
N.p., n.d. Web. The Web. The Web. 6 Apr. 2014. The 'Standard' of the 'Standard'.
5) Jeremy Eric Elson, “Time Synchronization in Wireless sensor Networks, University of California, USA: ANSII Std 239-18, 2003.
The OSI network reference model was developed by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) to facilitate communication between networks by keeping certain standards open rather than proprietary (Serpanos & Wolf, 2011). Each layer is stacked with the physical layer as the lowest and the application layer as the highest and one can think of each layer as containing stacks of protocols that make network communications function (Serpanos & Wolf, 2011). A protocol is a set of rules written in a common language that allows computers to communicate with each other. Each communication network is a node and the corresponding layer on each node communicates with each other.
In this report I will be talking about different application layers and the protocols within them I will also be explaining what TCP/IT is and how it links back to the application layers.
Timothy Pintello (2013). Introduction to Networking with Network1. USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 175-199.
In conclusion, this research has established that development of the TCP / IP protocol was a major step in improving communication between systems. It provided many applications which run on the protocol and thus providing many services that were not available before. It is therefore important to make use of these services in order to provide quality communication.
The Internet is a global network connecting millions of personal, institutional and company computers. The number of computers used by the internet is growing rapidly. The United States is connected with over 100 countries worldwide and linked together to exchange of data, news and opinions. The Internet is decentralized design. This means that there isn't just one computer that stores all of the information from the Internet. There are many independent host servers located throughout the US and the world that store the information made available to the global Internet community.
The Internet has revolutionized the computer and communications world like nothing before. The Internet enables communication and transmission of data between computers at different locations. The Internet is a computer application that connects tens of thousands of interconnected computer networks that include 1.7 million host computers around the world. The basis of connecting all these computers together is by the use of ordinary telephone wires. Users are then directly joined to other computer users at there own will for a small connection fee per month. The connection conveniently includes unlimited access to over a million web sites twenty-four hours a day, seven days a week. There are many reasons why the Internet is important these reasons include: The net adapts to damage and error, data travels at 2/3 the speed of light on copper and fiber, the internet provides the same functionality to everyone, the net is the fastest growing technology ever, the net promotes freedom of speech, the net is digital, and can correct errors. Connecting to the Internet cost the taxpayer little or nothing, since each node was independent, and had to handle its own financing and its own technical requirements.
Due to the demand for the internet to be fast, networks are designed for maximum speed, rather than to be secure or track users (“Interpol” par. 1). The adage of the adage.... ... middle of paper ... ...