Mechanics: Statics and Dynamics
TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION.........................................................1
Chapter
I. General Principles........................................2
I. Systems of Force.........................................4
II. Stress..................................................6
III. Properties of Material.................................7
IV. Bolted and Welded Joints................................10
V. Beams -- A Practical Application.........................13
VI. Beam Design.............................................17
VII. Torsional Loading: Shafts, Couplings, and Keys........19
VIII. Conclusion............................................20
BIBLIOGRAPHY.........................................................21
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Nonconcurrent-coplanar force is when the lines of action of all forces lie in the same plane but do not pass through a common point as illustrated in figure 2. The magnitude and direction of the resultant force can be determined by the rectangular component method using the first two equations in figure 2, and the perpendicular distance of the line of action of R from the axis of rotation of the body can be found using the third equation in figure 2.
Concurrent-noncoplanar forces are when Application the lines of action of all forces pass through a common point and are not in the same plane. To find the resultant of these forces it is best to resolve each force into components along three axes that make angles of 90 degrees with each other.
Nonconcurrent-noncoplanar forces are when the lines of action of all forces do not pass through a common point and the forces do not all lie in the same plane.
Stress
When a restrained body is subject to external forces, there is a tendency for the shape of the body that is subject to the external force to be deformed or changed. Since materials are not perfectly rigid, the
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Stress can be classified as either simple stress, sometimes referred to as direct stress, or indirect stress.
The various types of direct stress are tension, compression, shear, and bearing. The various types of indirect stress are bending and torsion. A third variety of stress is categorized as any combination of direct and indirect stress. Simple stress is developed under direct loading conditions. That is, simple tension and simple compression occur when the applied force is in line with the axis of the member and simple shear occurs when equal, parallel, and opposite forces tend to cause a surface to slide relative to the adjacent surface. When any type of simple stress develops we can calculate the magnitude of the stress by the formula, where:
· s = average unit stress;
· F = external force causing stress to develop;
· A = area over which stress develops.
Indirect stress, or stress due to bending should be properly classified under statics of rigid bodies and not under strength of materials. The bending moment in a beam depends only on the loads on the beam and on its consequent support reactions. Torsion is when a shaft is acted upon by two equal
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