a. I am going to answer this question based off of the Marketplace Incident: b. The first stage of the stress response cycle is the individual encountering sensory information (e.g., sound and vision). Related to the Marketplace Incident, Mark saw the car following his vehicle, he saw them speeding up and slowing down with his vehicle. In addition, Mark likely heard the sound of the engine revving up to keep pace with his. All of this information, then, was instantly routed to the thalamus. c. Next, the thalamus sent that information to the amygdala. The amygdala, then takes that information and decides whether Mark is in immediate danger or not. However, since the amygdala likes to ‘play it safe’, there is a good chance it will determine
Marvin was an ordinary, ambitious salesman, until he suffered a life-changing stroke. This stroke didn’t only paralyze one side of Marvin’s body, but it also caused permanent brain damage, cutting him off from his emotions. Researchers from the University of Iowa are figuring out why Marvin can’t feel emotions. Though Marvin’s brain is able to make emotions, he isn’t able to feel them. When looking at scans of the brain, it is seen that Marvin has dead areas in his brain that are responsible for creating feelings. When an emotional event occurs, the amygdala is the first to respond. The amygdala triggers a series of reactions through the brain core and stem, which are then supposed to be received from the body. However, the body isn’t able to receive these chemical responses. In other words, Marvin isn’t aware of his feelings because the response signal falls into a void. Marvin also isn’t able to feel emotions when remembering his memories. Each emotion has a specific neural circuitry. The emotions associated with memories help humans form decision-making skills based on whether they want to repeat a positive memory, or avoid a negative one. Instead, Marvin is stuck guessing the emotions of others, and struggling through making decisions with only facts and logic.
Your exams are coming up, although you’ve prepared all you can, when sitting down at the desk your heart is pumping at an abnormal pace and you may be breathing heavily or sweating. This is called Stress; everyone in this room has gone through stress sometime in their life. But I believe that stress can also be your friend.
One solution that the Tennessee Highway patrol use is the Critical Stress Debriefing Solution. Research has told us over time that law enforcement officer’s emergency personnel that have been involved and associated with serious traumatic events experience much more stress than that of the public in general (Addis & Stephens, 2008, p.361). This solution is popular among law enforcement officers and consists of a multi phase small group setting workplace supportive type intervention. It should be stated that the Critical Incident Stress debriefing hereon, known as CISD, does not comprise a form of psychotherapy. CISD is a complete, crisis intervention system.
According to Hans Selye, a series of physiological reactions to stress occurring in three phases. Those phases are alarm, resistance, and exhaustion. This is also known as the general adaptation syndrome. General adaptation syndrome describes the body's short-term and long-term reaction to stress. Stressors in humans include physical stressors, such as starvation being hit by a car, or suffering through severe weather. Additionally, humans can suffer emotional or mental stress, such as the loss of a loved one, the inability to solve a problem, or even having a difficult day at work. The first stage of the general adaptation stage, the alarm reaction, is the immediate reaction to a stressors. This stage of stress has the reaction for physical activity. However, this initial response can also decrease the effectiveness of the immune system, making persons more susceptible to illness during this phase.
Smeets, T., Otgaar, H., & Raymaekers, L. (2012). Survival processing in times of stress. Psychon Bull Rev, 19, 113-118.
People are exposed to numerous amounts of positive and negative events throughout their lifetime. No one is given a life that is perfect or free from difficulty. Whether it is a death in the family, chronic illness, house fire, automobile accident, or any other type of impacting event, stressors are bound to occur throughout one’s life. Since people are constantly exposed to stressors in life, it is essential that one is able to adequately cope. There are three types of responses to stress. The first is the positive stress response, which is a normal and brief response to stress and is characterized by a mild increase in heart rate (“Toxic Stress,” 2017). One example of a positive stress response could be the slight apprehension one feels before
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION AND REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE Each bodily physiological system has an individual established set point, or level of balance; however, some fluctuations in these levels are tolerated. The balance of any system can be, and regularly is, disturbed by internal and/or external events of the mechanical, physical, chemical, biological, and/or social types. When this balance is disrupted, and involuntary mobilizations of biological processes are not able to re-establish it, an alarm reaction is activated (Schedlowski and Tewes, 1999). This reaction is referred to as a stress response, and the activating agent is the stressor (Selye, 1936). Recently, studies of stress have shifted from demonstrating relationships between psychological factors and somatic outcomes, to investigations of the mediational pathways involved in these associations. For example, (Cohen and Williamson, 1991) have built on the work of Lazarus’ model by suggesting that once an environmental event is encountered, it is appraised, and an affective response is made.
There are three accepted definitions of stress: 1. Stimulus model - Stress is an external stimulus that places demand on the individuals’ physiology. 2. Response model - Stress is regarded as the responses (both external behaviour and internal/ph...
The Costs of Stress In human terms any sitution that is seen as burdensome , threating ,ambogous , or boring is likely to induce stress. The potential for stress exists when environment pressure is of such a magnitude as to threaten the individuals ability to cope with it in conditions where successful coping is a rewarding experience. COST OF STRESS ( FACTS AND FIGURE ) In financisal terms occupationsl stress is said to cosat 10% of gross national product each year in the usa.
When stressful events occur, three types of responses take place, an emotional response, a physiological response, and a behavioral response. Negative emotional responses such as anxiety, anger, and grief are common responses to stress. However, in some cases, an individual may exhibit positive emotions when coping with stressful situations. According to Folkman and Moskowiz, positive emotions promote resilience in the face of stress by promoting creativity, problem solving, flexibility, and can enhance physical and psychological health (Weiten & Lloyd, 2006, p. 84). The fight or flight response is a physiological reaction to a perceived threat of danger, in which the body prepares itself to either fight or flee an attacker.
Stress is the combination of psychological, physiological, and behavioral reactions that people have in response to events that threaten or challenge them. Stress can be good or bad. Sometimes, stress is helpful, providing people with the extra energy or alertness they need. Stress could give a runner the edge he or she needs to persevere in a marathon, for example. This good kind of stress is called eustress. Unfortunately, stress is often not helpful and can even be harmful when not managed effectively. Stress could make a salesperson buckle under the pressure while trying to make a sales pitch at an important business meeting, for example. Moreover, stress can increase the risk of developing health problems, such as cardiovascular disease and anxiety disorders. This bad kind of stress is called distress, the kind of stress that people usually are referring to when they use the word stress.
Stress is an ongoing dilemma that occurs in each and everyone’s life. It is a factor that is undoubtedly a part of daily living. Due to the trivial problems that occur in people’s daily lives massive amounts of stress can arise. People perceive and manage stress in many different ways. The causes and effects of stress are numerous and one’s ability to manage stress is vital in maintaining healthy living.
Stress is a natural occurrence that most every person will experience at some point in his or her life. A stressor, as defined by Potter, Perry, Stockert, and Hall (2013), is any kind of event or situation that a person encounters in their environment that requires him or her to change and adapt. When a person responds to stress, his or her coping mechanisms and actions are individualized. No two people are going to handle stressful situations and cope with experiences the same exact way. Each person is unique and has his or her own customized way of dealing with stress. While some people are very open and honest about what they are dealing with, others keep their feelings bottled up. I find this topic so
Stress is something that everyone has to deal with in life, whether it is good or bad stress. Stress management techniques are a great way to deal with stress. Some of the stress management techniques that I learned from this course are prioritization, scheduling, and execution. Using these techniques has effectively helped me deal with my own stress. When it comes to dealing with stress I still have many strengths and weaknesses that I will explain. Some stressors I have in my life that I will discuss are psychointrapersonal, social, life events, and daily hassles. Next, I will give my opinion on my post-course survey, and compare and contrast it to my pre-course survey scores. Finally, I will explain my last goals for this stress management course.
A theory that explores individual reactions to stress alongside the impact of stress on health and wellbeing is Ursin and Eriksen’s (2004) cognitive activation theory of stress (CATS). This theory can be described as an activation theory as it describes the activation of the brain into action in response to a stressor. It also explores the likelihood of a negative impact on health and wellbeing if this response is maintained for long periods. According to CATS theory (Ursin & Eriksen, 2004), alarm occurs when the brain appraises that there is a difference between what is expected to happen and what is realistically happening. Hamilton-West (2011) explains that within this theory, the intensity of the alarm is evaluated by the brain’s expectation