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Racial theory in othello
Racism in shakespeares othello
Analysis of othello
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Major differences
Shakespeare 's Othello is set in Venice and Cyprus. Lester sets his after novel in the late fifteenth century to early sixteenth century England era. There is a major difference in the characterization of the play’s central characters, Othello and Iago.
Blurb Lester makes the claim that, in Shakespeare’s play, Othello’s race is not crucial to the unfolding of the tragedy—partly because Shakespeare’s Othello is “deracinated, i.e., besides his skin color, there is nothing African about him” (Lester XII). Another radical departure from the original play was making Iago and Emily African. The main reason for this change was to dismiss Iago’s jealousy as mere racism—making race far more central in the novel. In addition, Lester
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Lester uses Shakespeare’s language in three different ways:
1. Exactly as it appears in the play
2. By paraphrasing if there are allusions in the original that reflect Elizabethan society in a way not readily comprehensible now
3. By putting images, concepts and syntax in a more contemporary context
Synopsis of the Lester’s Othello
The novel opens a with scene of Desdemona longing for Othello. Readers establish that she is sixteen years old and that Othello is twice her age. We also discover that Emily is black—and “[Iago] and Othello are darker than Emily, as dark as night” (4). After the men return from war, it is evident that Desdemona and Michael have always
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How had he adjusted to life there? Did he miss his homeland? What had his homeland been like? Who had he been in his homeland? What was his name in Africa? Did he think of himself as European or African, or both?” (Lester XII)
Notable quotes
Othello: “Their memories were not his. Without a lifetime of shared memories, how could he belong to them? How could they know him?” (17)
Lord Bertrand: “[Othello] does not give one the opportunity to forget his blackness…[Iago] your skin may be black but your soul’s as white as any man’s, and that’s what counts” (27) Father Thomas “Satan was riding earlier than usual this night. Lord Bertrand would want his head once he learned that the priest had married his daughter to a black man.” (41)
“Although the king was fond of Othello, Iago was willing to wager the king was more fond of his whiteness. He would not be pleased to imagine white lips and black ones joined” (48)
Othello: “And how could he have so deceived himself to believe that a woman as white as the new moon would love one as black as the heavens surrounding it?”
It is interesting to note Iago’s word choice when awaking Brabantio with the news that his daughter has eloped with Othello. He refers to Othello as an “old black ram” who is “tupping” or sleeping with innocent Desdemona the “white ewe.” He plays on the belief that black men have ani...
F. R. Leavis discusses the breakdown of sympathy for Othello, arguing that ‘Othello is too stupid to be regarded as a tragic hero’. Other critics also argue that Shakespeare ‘fully exploits the unique cultural opportunity to develop a more complex and sympathetic representation of black experience’ [The Noble Moor – Othello and Race in Elizabethan London, Roger Lees], implying that the sympathy that a contemporary audience would have felt for Othello was based oncultural context, given that the audience were predominantly white. However, it could be argued that it cannot just be the cultural context to Shakespeare’s audiences that has allowed Othello to become one of his most renowned tragedies; if this were the case, the play would have lost all critical interest by the 18th Century. It is Shakespeare’s use of the conventions of tragedy in attributing Othello with hubris that, although making it hard to empathise with at times, in the...
The play “Othello” by William Shakespeare was written in 1604 during the Elizabethan era. Othello is one of the most extraordinary characters in all of Shakespeare’s dramas. He enjoyed unheralded success in the combat zone, which gave him the reputation as one of Venice’s most competent generals. Even though he has great success on the battlefield, he has a dramatic flaw that causes a downfall in his life. The dramatic flaw that caused his downfall is jealousy.
J. Adelman. "Iago's Alter Ego: Race as Projection in Othello," Shakespeare Quarterly v48 Summer 1997: 130.
Through studying Shakespeare’s and Cinthio’s Othello, I explored the concept of ‘The Moor’. ‘The Moor’ is a disrespectful and racist term , often used by white Europeans referring to arabs and blacks, and people of other races with relatively dark skin, such as Othello. During Shakespeare’s time, blacks are considered to be outsiders and are inferior to white people. In Cinthio’s work, it stated that moors are hot-headed as evident in this quote ‘you moors are of so hot a nature that every little trifle moves you to anger and revenge’ which is evident that moors are hot-headed. In scene 1 of the play, Iago told Desdemona father that his daughter was robbed by a thief, Iago uses metaphor to describes Othello as a “black ram”. Desdemona’s father was shocked that his daughter will fall in love with a black man. He believed that Othello must have use some magic to make his daughter fall in love with him; as there is social class difference at that time and it is unimaginable that a white woman will love a black men.
Orkin, Martin. “Othello and the “plain face” Of Racism.” 2nd ed. Vol. 38. N.p.: n.p., n.d. 166-88. Shakespeare Quarterly. Folger Shakespeare Library in Association with George Washington University, Summer 1987. Web. 12 Mar. 2014. .
Adelman, Janet. “Iago's Alter Ego: Race as Projection in Othello.” Shakespeare Quarterly 48.2 (1997): 125-44. JSTOR. Web. 17 Feb. 2014.
In the Sixteenth century, as we see clearly from Othello and other works of both Shakespeare and Cinthio's original version of Othello, race was a topic of great debate and discussion. Today, in the twenty-first century the debate retains its controversy and passion. However, attitudes towards race have taken a dramatic turn during the last century. In the developed world people are now living in an increasingly cosmopolitan society would undoubtedly be more tolerant and would reject or even be offended by racial discrimination to any person or sections of the community. Openly 'racist' people today are seen as outcasts. Taking this into account, the way a modern audience would react to race and racism in Othello is dependent upon the way in which that modern audience would interpret 'Othello'. This prompts the questions of what sort of message Shakespeare wanted to send to his audience and was Othello the moor portrayed as a tragic hero or did his character eventually come to resemble the prejudices of which he was a victim. Shakespeare also discusses the issue of race with other characters such as the hateful Iago and the prejudices hidden deep in Barbantio.
Adelman, Janet. “Iago's Alter Ego: Race as Projection in Othello.” Shakespeare Quarterly 48.2 (1997): 125-44. JSTOR. Web. 17 Feb. 2014.
The tragedy of Othello, the Moore of Venice. As it hath beene diuerse times acted at the Globe, and at the Black-Friars, by his Majesties servants. Written by William Shakespeare set in Venice. The plot is based on a story about two people who love each other dearly and the problems and conflicts they face from the start. The conflicts are, for the most part, tied in with racial issues and questions of loyalty.
5 J. Adelman. "Iago's Alter Ego: Race as Projection in Othello," Shakespeare Quarterly v48 Summer 1997: 130.
Othello is a man who comes from a hard life. In the time period the play is set in, racism is common and Othello is a target for it due to his dark skin. He fought in many battles and was put into slavery for a time. Now he is a high ranking General in the army. Othello, for all that he has been through, is also kind, caring, and trusting of those close to him. He cares and trusts his comrades and is loving and kind to his wife, Desdemona. Othello is also r...
Othello’s physical appearance is emphasized through out the play, but paints him and blacks negatively. Othello is a well-respected man due to his talent in warfare. He is a general and well respected by his army and Venice for defending it. However, even though he has earned his title he is still targeted and deemed as an inferior just because of his phenotypes. Rodrigo refers to him as thick-lip. This is a racial slur that dehumanizes him due to his physical appearance. Moreover, the scene when Desdemona father discovers that her and Othello are married demonstrates that a black body should not affiliate itself with a white one in any way. There is an invisible race boundary that exists and Othello is breaking it by being with a white woman. He is stealing a white w...
The tragedy “Othello” is written by William Shakespeare in 1604. The story is based on revenge of two characters, Othello and Iago. Othello, the play’s protagonist and hero, who has great reputation as one of Venice’s most competent generals. However, his jealousy causes the major tragedy in his life. This tragedy is brought by a simple manipulation of Iago, the villain of the play. The jealousy led Othello to a path of constant questioning to his wife, and his friend Cassio. Throughout the play, he sinks deeper and deeper into his doubt and eventually that causes him to kill not only the love of his life, but also himself.
Othello is a play with the ability to transcend time and evolve with changing value systems. It is by considering these different perceptions and their contexts that our understanding and appreciation is enriched.