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The preface to The Lyrical Ballads
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Lyrical Ballads were written in a time of great change. They were dominated by the French Revolution and both Wordsworth and Coleridge felt great impact from this. There was disruption all over with the American War of Independence and other wars worldwide. Britain itself was changing rapidly due to colonial expansion, which brought new wealth, ideas and fashion, and there was much disturbance to both the people and the land with the act of enclosure, which may have meant more effective farming but less work. The introduction of the Poor Laws meant that landowners paid their remaining staff very little knowing that they would be supplemented by poor relief. However the conditions stated by the Laws before aid would be given were very similar to ?The Last Of The Flock? with people having to give up every means of self support and therefore reduce the chance of them ever living independently again. The Industrial Revolution introduced the new ?middle? class for which many of these poems were written for. They use simple language to allow them to understand and self educate, which many of them were very interested in doing and bettering themselves, much like Wordsworth himself and his sister as shown in ?Tintern Abbey?. Here he talks of her being at the stage of education that he was five years before when he last visited.
Despite all the war and upheaval there was very little provision for those who got left behind such as those left unemployed due to the Industrial Revolution and enclosure as well as returning servicemen. The effect of this was felt widely as shown in ?The Female Vagrant?, the wife of a soldier forced to move countries etc and the increasing state of poverty they lived through. In a different culture ?The F...
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...t brought all the great things they had hoped for and things had not got any better, in many cases things had actually deteriorated.
Wordsworth and Coleridge seemed to be of a similar opinion to the general population throughout this whole period, they both began full of optimism for this time of change before slowly becoming more against it as shown in some of their poetry. ?Anecdote for Fathers? for example is a rather cynical poem focusing on a negative area of the human condition as a whole.
Lyrical Ballads very much reflects Wordsworth and Coleridge?s feelings on society at the time and to me they seem to be of the same opinions as the general population during that period. The poetry and indeed the Romantic Movement also illustrated the ?hour of feeling? well and therefore I believe that Lyrical Ballads captures the ?hour of feeling? very successfully.
“At the war’s end, even though a majority of women surveyed reported wanted to keep their jobs, many were forced out by men returning home and by the downturn in demand for war materials… The nation that needed their help in
Koussoudji, Sherrie A. and Laura J. Dresser. “Working class Rosies: Women Industrial Workers During World War II” The Journal of Economic History 51.2 (June 1992): 431-446
Women were not only separated by class, but also by their gender. No woman was equal to a man and didn’t matter how rich or poor they were. They were not equal to men. Women couldn’t vote own business or property and were not allowed to have custody of their children unless they had permission from their husband first. Women’s roles changed instantly because of the war. They had to pick up all the jobs that the men had no choice but to leave behind. They were expected to work and take care of their homes and children as well. Working outside the home was a challenge for these women even though the women probably appreciated being able to provide for their families. “They faced shortages of basic goods, lack of childcare and medical care, little training, and resistance from men who felt they should stay home.” (p 434)
During the Romantic Era drastic events changed the way people lived. One major change came with the Industrial Revolution, many job opportunities began to arise and people started to change their living lifestyle. Many people went to live in the cities and left behind the breathtaking countryside. The British Culture became better because they had more resources and its economy increased rapidly, however people lost the tranquility of nature with their movement into the emerging cities. Another important event that had a significant effect on the British culture and Literature was the French revolution; poets like William Wordsworth were devastated to see the horrible changes the revolution had caused. The revolution was one of the major reasons why poets focused more on the theme of nature. The poem “Lines Written a Few Miles above Tintern Abbey” written by William Wordsworth expresses the power of nature. The author uses his memories from past experiences to illustrate the importance of nature in a person’s life. In the poem he describes nature’s strong healing power. Wordsworth communicate...
That Coleridge gives the appellation "conversation poems" to his own lyric poems (which also include "The Nightingale" and "This Lime-tree Bower") reflects for us the Romantics' focus on the primacy of the human dimension in the natural world. They are "conversational" in the sense that the poems involve a "dramatic mode of address to an unanswering listener" (206). These poems, then, follow the aforementioned formula of the speaker viewing a natural scene, reflecting meditatively on the scene and how it relates to the self, and reaching "the free movement of thought from the present scene to recollection in tranquility, to prayer-like prediction, and back to the scene" (206).
William Wordsworth rejected all the traditional assumptions about the proper style, words, and subject matter for a poem during the Romanics period. When explaining his writing Wordsworth said, “There will be found in these volumes little of what is usually called poetry diction; I have taken as much pains to avoid it as others ordinarily take to produce it.” (Marshall) Because he took such a different approach to his writing, many people criticized his poems. Literary critic Harold Bloom said, “The fear of mortality haunts much of Wordsworth’s best poetry, especially in regard to the premature mortality of the Imagination and the loss of its creative joy.” Wordsworth does in fact express fear of mortality in the poems The World is too much with us, London, 1802, The Prelude, and Lines composed a Few Miles above Tintern Abbey.
He and William Blake share many similarities between their writings such as the idea of the child and their pious ways. However, they differ in their upbringing. Wordsworth was from a higher social class than Blake which changes his view of children immensely. From a young age, Wordsworth was separated from his other siblings after the death of his parents. Instead of going straight into an apprenticeship like Blake, Wordsworth went to school with other children. His poetry shows the view from an upperclassman looking upon children. This brought about the idea of children and the “creed of childhood”, which was defined by his hatred of being an adult. In the eyes of Wordsworth, the worst stage of life was adulthood. Since there were more obligations and things to worry about, adulthood was viewed as a miserable time as seen in his poem “Ode: The Intimations of Immortality from Recollections of Early Childhood”. Throughout his school days, Wordsworth would be outside running around and being free. This was the basis for many of his poems since he describes early childhood as a time to be deliberately free and one with God in
What is Typical of Lyrical Ballads The group title of the set of poems written by Wordsworth and Coleridge presents an interesting starting point of analysis. The phrase ‘Lyrical Ballads’ is a paradox as the genres of ‘lyrics’ and ‘ballads’ can be defined as in opposition to each other. A ‘lyric’ is ‘a poem about feeling… addressed to the reader in a manner of private and intimate conversation’. A ‘ballad’ is ‘a narrative poem from an anonymous point of view, often relating to characters from public or historical events, such as war.’ Therefore the two genres are combined under the title ‘Lyrical Ballads’, signifying an unexpected and unusual style from Wordsworth and Coleridge.
William Wordsworth, like Blake, was linked with Romanticism. In fact, he was one of the very founders of Romanticism. He wrote poems are about nature, freedom and emotion. He was open about how he felt about life and what his life was like. Also, Wordsworth wrote poems about the events going on around him ? for instance the French Revolution. Mainly, Wordsworth wrote about nature, however, rarely used simple descriptions in his work. Instead, Wordsworth wrote complexly, for example in his poem ?Daffodils?.
In the first 60 years of the Industrial Revolution the quality of life for many people decreased. Many worked in dangerous working conditions. Living conditions were worse for the poor. Many turned to poorhouses which were set up by the government. The houses were designed to be deliberately tough places to deter people from staying on government aid. Family’s members were disconnected and treated harshly. (“Effects of
One of the powerful forms of writing took full form during the industrial revolution; Romanticism. Romanticism in English literature began in the late 18th century with the publication of Lyrical Ballads of William Wordsworth and Samuel Taylor Coleridge. During this era poetry was known as the “spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings”. The Industrial Revolution was the biggest economic influence on the 19th century. With the rise of factories prompted more and more people to migrate from the countryside to large cities to work in these factories. This move created a human detachment from nature. People left their simple lives of working on farms and hunting, to that of a fast paced, hectic hard manual labor filled life. Romantics did not appreciate this change in lifestyle. They believed that the industrial revolution brought sadness upon the people. Lyrical Ballads is a great example of authors of this period expressed their emotions towards the Industrial revolution through a series of poems. A recurring theme in Lyrical Ballads is one which envisions factory workers reconnecting with the natural world. One of the poems in lyrical ballads is “Lines Witten in Early Spring”. Here are some lines to that
When the Industrial Revolution started, Wordsworth was appalled by the idea of factories and how workers were hired to work such long hours, with hardly any pay for all of their hard work. During the Industrial Revolution there were many factories being built up, these took away most of the open countryside that everyone had so enjoyed. So like most romantic poets of his time Wordsworth decided to revolt against the Industrial Revolution and wrote many pieces about nature to show his feelings of opposition to the revolution. Wordsworth always thought of himself as a humanist writer, so it just made sense that his poems written during the industrial revolution were completed about nature du...
Virginia Woolf ultimately encourages the young poet to write. She wants the younger people to “be expansive and join the poets who write about the world.” (pg. 733 of World of Ideas) From Wordsworth’s point of view, one of his extensive discussions concerns language. He discusses at length the difference between poetry and prose. His view is that there is no essential difference between them, but there is a power of metrical language and its effect on the reader. The songs used today are an example of Wordsworth’s explanation. Music can control people’s emotions, they affect how the person feels when they listen to it. Because of that, music has become a reliability in this day and age. Both of these poets have agreed that this change is a good thing. It’s healthy for humans to express how they feel in multiple ways. That includes music and poetry. Talbot explains in his essay that all music is appreciated throughout time; “the fact remains that music and its makers are revered throughout poetry.”
The term lyrical ballad was actually coined by Coleridge and Wordsworth as they were the first to combine the genres. Lyrical ballads are typically composed of four line stanzas and an alternating iambic rhythm of tetrameter and trimeter. In a lyrical ballad, lines one and two rhyme with lines three and four respectively; however, Coleridge does not always adhere to this pattern. In addition, Coleridge also has some stanzas which are up to six lines instead of four and will at times use internal and visual rhyme instead of, or in addition to, external rhyme. As for the archaic script of the writing, it invokes a feeling that the story and in turn the mariner, are much older than they actually are. “Though Rime of the Ancient Mariner doesn’t strictly adhere to the perfect ballad structure, these slight technical manipulations at places, have created beautiful and miraculous effects, which adds to Coleridge’s achievement.” (Khullar
Wordsworth had two simple ideas that he put into his writing of poetry. One was that “poetry was the spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings.” The second idea was that poets should describe simple scenes of nature in the everyday words, which in turn would create an atmosphere through the use of imagination (Compton 2).