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Gender roles in the 19th century usa
Essay on second wave feminism
Essay on second wave feminism
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In 1950s society, a traditional gender-enforced period, women were seen as and only as the housemaids. Weak and docile under the male’s gaze, women accepted the roles as submissive wives without many of them having accomplished well-paid jobs. The 1960s was a pinnacle time with the second wave of the feminist movement, after 1920s suffrage, were women felt more empowered and open with their opinions. While the movement inspired works like the 1962, Betty Friedan book The Feminine Mystique, were she explains the trials of sexism and the frustration of identity, but it also caused uproar with the American authors who disapproved movement and shifting power roles. Ken Kesey was one of these authors. Kesey fought every unfair societal issue from …show more content…
“She slides through the door with a gust of cold and locks the door behind her and I see her fingers trail across the polished steel—tip of each finger the same color as her lips. Funny orange. Like the tip of a soldering iron. Color so hot or so cold if she touches you with it you can’t tell which.” Kesey sees her as cold, awkward-looking woman; he demonizes her to be a fearsome being because of her high status. When Chief is describing her bag her carries at work he explains, “there’s no compact or lipstick or woman stuff, she’s got that bag full of thousand parts she aims to use in her duties today—wheels and gears, cogs polished to a hard glitter, tiny pills that gleam like porcelain, needles, forceps, watchmakers’ pliers, rolls of copper wire …”, further the idea women are meant to be pretty and/or beautiful every they go even in the long hours of work. One could even assume the list of medical tools could be in a negative tone and the “woman stuff” in a positive one despite the former actually being for a working purpose. What is also an alarming characterization about the Big Nurse the “size of her bosom.” Chief describes them as “a mistake was made somehow in manufacturing, putting those big, womanly breasts on what would of otherwise been a perfect work, and you can see how bitter she is about
From this passage you can tell that the Big Nurse terrifies Chief and has a mental advantage over him. She keeps him scared and willing to do what she wants. A man named Harding is also in the institute. While at a meeting, Mrs. Ratched, The Big Nurse, starts talking about Mr. Harding's wife. She is a beautiful woman that receives many stares from other men.
Friedan’s wave of feminism came after a lull. Sometime after women proudly took the vote with The Nineteenth Amendment, after they worked proudly in the place of their fighting husbands and brothers and sons, the first feminist movement quietly died down. During this lull “American women, with the ability and education to discover and create, [decided to] go back home again, to look for “something more” in housework and rearing children”. (Friedan , 121) Friedan asks why. She concludes that as young women were faced with their sex’s first opportunity to ...
Just like the high, middle, and low class of modern society, a similar version parallels this theory throughout the book. Nurse Ratched ranks as the most powerful followed by the black boys and Doctor Spivey who are under her complete control. Next, comes the low class patients. Acutes seem functional and unbelonging while chronics seem disabled and outcasted. The nurse holds a strong ground over both doctors and patients, “Those are the rules we play by. Of course, she always wins my friend, always. She’s impregnable herself and with the element of time working for her she eventually gets inside everyone. Thats why the hospital regards her as its top nurse and grants her so much authority; she’s a master of forcing the trembling libido out into the open.” (Kesey, 73) The black boys are “...in contact on a high-voltage wave length of hate, and the black boys are out there performing her bidding before she even thinks it.” (Kesey, 31) The lower end of the social ladder is illustrated as “Machines with flaws inside that can’t be repaired , flaws born in, or flaws beat over…”(Kesey 16) The victims that fall short of the Big Nurse are stripped of sanity, self esteem and taught they are flawed and dangerous. The characters seem so powerless against the cunning Miss.
To get the answer to her question, she began to survey women of Smith College. Her findings lead to the writing of her first book, The Feminine Mystique. The book uses other women’s personal experiences along with her own experiences to describes the idea behind being a feminist. “At every step of the way, the feminists had to fight the conception that they were violating the God-given nature of woman… The image of the feminists as inhuman, fiery man-eater, whether expressed as an offense against God or in the modern terms of sexual perversion, is not unlike the stereotype of the Negro as a primitive animal or the union member as an anarchist” (86-87). That image of women that has been created by society and the same idea applies to race and how it is something that is so prone to society about things no one can change. Feminists were the ones who were able to fight for their rights even though some may believe that isn't what women are made to be but Betty Friedan did, which motivated her to fight for women’s rights in the second wave feminist movement. She was able to accomplish helping more women fight for their rights and set the ground for the women fighting
By portraying Nurse Ratched as an asexual, power yielding figure who opposed the traditional notions of femininity, Kesey suggested that her repressed femininity was the only reason her matriarchal reign persisted in the Ward. Furthermore, Nurse Ratched’s portrayal is often linked to machines or animals to further emphasize her disconnect from the traditional female role and integration of a more masculine essence into her persona. The institutionalized patients regard her with any amount of fear only due to her inhuman behavior and almost masculine physical attributes, “...working with mechanical precision...standing...as big as a truck…,” which mechanizes and strips her of any human warmth a supposed maternal figure should portray according
Betty Friedan’s book, The Feminine Mystique, explains the mind set of society in the 1960s. She writes that the women of the ‘60s were identified only as creatures looking for “sex, babies, and home” (Friedan 36). She goes on to say “The only passion, the only pursuit, the only goal a woman [was] permitted [was] the pursuit of a man” (Friedan 36). This mind set, this “feminine mystique,” is clearly shown throughout the show Mad Men. The side effect of the feminine mystique hurt all the women of this time. Matthew Weiner shows how this conception of the “ideal woman” hurt all of his lead women. The consequences are shown in the two women who bought into the idea, Betty and Joan, and the one who re...
But when the “Women’s Movement,” is referred to, one would most likely think about the strides taken during the 1960’s for equal treatment of women. The sixties started off with a bang for women, as the Food and Drug Administration approved birth control pills, President John F. Kennedy established the President's Commission on the Status of Women and appointed Eleanor Roosevelt as chairwoman, and Betty Friedan published her famous and groundbreaking book, “The Feminine Mystique” (Imbornoni). The Women’s Movement of the 1960’s was a ground-breaking part of American history because along with African-Americans another minority group stood up for equality, women were finished with being complacent, and it changed women’s lives today.
Women’s rights have evolved over time; beginning with being homemakers and evolving to obtaining professions, acquiring an education, and gaining the right to vote. The movement that created all these revolutionary changes was called the feminist movement. The feminist movement occurred in the twentieth century. Many people are not aware of the purpose of the feminist movement. The movement was political and social and it sought to set up equality for women. Women’s groups in the United States worked together to win women’s suffrage and later to create and support the Equal Rights Amendment. The economic boom between 1917 and the early 1960s brought many American women into the workplace. As women began to join the workplace they became progressively more aware of their unequal economic and social status. Homemakers, many of whom who had previously obtained college educations, began to voice their lack of personal fulfillment. They had an awakening, they realized their lives were not fulfilled and wanted more than what the restraints of society would offer them. Many literary works were born from the feminist movement; each enabling women to achieve more than what society expected of them and to push the societal limits. The Awakening is a prototype of the feminist movement.
“The only way for a woman, as for a man, to find herself, to know herself as a person, is by creative work of her own”. Betty Friedan, feminist author and icon who’s most famous work came to be known as The Feminine Mystique (1963), was not always aware of the impact she would have on the feminist cause, but after requesting a maternity leave to raise her three children, she was terminated from her job and replaced by a man. This event made Friedan conscientious of the fact that women struggled with the choice of having a family or a career, while their male counterparts could juggle both with ease. Although some critique Friedan for keeping the Women’s Rights movement in the mainstream, and believe she mainly focused on middle class white
Betty Friedan’s book The Feminine Mystique which was published in 1963. It became a best-seller and was eventually translated into 13 languages. In her book she protested mainstream media’s portrayals of women, arguing that shaping women into housewives hindered their possibilities and wasted talent and potential. Friedan would later be nicknamed the “Mother of Second Wave Feminism.”
“Girls wear jeans and cut their hair short and wear shirts and boots because it is okay to be a boy; for a girl it is like promotion. But for a boy to look like a girl is degrading, according to you, because secretly you believe that being a girl is degrading” (McEwan 55-56). Throughout the history of literature women have been viewed as inferior to men, but as time has progressed the idealistic views of how women perceive themselves has changed. In earlier literature women took the role of being the “housewife” or the household caretaker for the family while the men provided for the family. Women were hardly mentioned in the workforce and always held a spot under their husband’s wing. Women were viewed as a calm and caring character in many stories, poems, and novels in the early time period of literature. During the early time period of literature, women who opposed the common role were often times put to shame or viewed as rebels. As literature progresses through the decades and centuries, very little, but noticeable change begins to appear in perspective to the common role of women. Women were more often seen as a main character in a story setting as the literary period advanced. Around the nineteenth century women were beginning to break away from the social norms of society. Society had created a subservient role for women, which did not allow women to stand up for what they believe in. As the role of women in literature evolves, so does their views on the workforce environment and their own independence. Throughout the history of the world, British, and American literature, women have evolved to become more independent, self-reliant, and have learned to emphasize their self-worth.
In Some Like it Hot, the director combines two major issues during the time. First, the usage of men in drag was a nouveau technique and rising issue in America. Secondly, the depiction of the men and women (Marilyn Monroe) raises issues about gender roles and continuing sexist dogma. The scene at the train station introduces Sugar Kane, played by Marilyn Monroe. In Some Like it Hot, Monroe has various parts of her body highlighted. During the train station scene, Lemmon's character calls Monroe’s butt "Jell-O on springs." Moreover, when Josephine and Daphne formally introduce themselves to Sugar, the camera angle is intelligently framed to depict Monroe’s bare thigh and garter belt. Finally, during the scene where Marilyn sings "I Wanna Be Loved By You" she wears a sheer see-through gown that teases the viewer as to what might lay underneath. This “love goddess” motif is very prevalent in this movie and during this time period. This motif also encourages the male chauvinism. It attracts the gaze and inherent sexual wonder. It degrades the female actress simply for her looks and furthers the sexist belief that women are object to ogle at by men. However, Sugar’s interesting choice of men counters most of the accepted relationships of the time. Sugar's preference for men, who aren't just millionaires, contradicts the stereotype of the time. Each also wear glasses because to her they seem "much more gentle, and sweet, and helpless." This directly contradicts the typical male choice. Her character, unlike many typical female characters in movies then and now, rejects the usual large brawn type and opts for sweet instead. Sugar wants a man to depend on her instead of being dependent on them. Her active independence is a refreshing sw...
The feminine mystique comes from the dissatisfaction of women’s new role in society, the happy housewife. Who’s biggest worries were getting the kids to school, cleaning the house and having dinner ready to satisfy her husband. These housewives are trapped at home and are told to not go out and pursue a career or higher education but to stay in the home because it is their responsibility. It is the responsibility of the tired mother to make sure that the home is functioning and to make sure the economy is running. A woman is expected to keep up with the latest trends in fashion to look beautiful for her husband, she is expected to know how to cook and clean and make the house look presentable so her neighbors can see how well she is doing. Advertisers take control and manipulate the wants and needs of women to keep them in the home, cooking, cleaning and decorating. If a housewife is unable to do all of these things she is considered a failure by her peers and unable to take care of a home, her one job. So she must work day in and out to make sure she has the best and looks the best. Even though Friedan fails to include the struggles many women who are less fortunate than the white, middle-class housewife, the feminine mystique brought upon a
Feminism and gender studies have been described as having the ability to “challenge literary and culture theory to confront the difficult task of assimilating the findings of an expanding sphere of inquiry” (Contemporary Literary Criticism 567). This area of study has taken center stage during the last fifty years, not only in our society, but also in literary criticism. Although the terrain Feminism traverses can hardly be narrowed down to one single definition, the exploration of the genre can, at times, be the most intriguing feature of the criticism itself. While feminism has undoubtedly changed the way women and gender roles are considered in society today, it has also had an impact on the way that I, too, read literature, look at American culture, and view the world.
Feminism, alone, is an immensely colossal kineticism in society today. Feminism is the act of fighting for women’s rights. Feminist want women to be equipollent to men in a convivial, political, and economic way. People are optically discern how much women have transmuted in stories and works of literature. Women withal didn’t have most of the rights they have today. As we take a more proximate visually examine the years and time passing by, we can comment on what was transmuting during that time. There is a correlation between the Women’s Rights Kineticism and the amount of women getting penalized and recognised. Women were inditing and being published sometimes, but it was not prevalent. The gregarious norms were different back then. They did not visually perceive women as keenly intellective enough to indict a congruous, prudent novel. The women additionally didn’t have enough inculcation like the men to have congruous spelling and storylines. Men were entitled to inculcation while women had to stay home and be a housewife. If a woman indicted a resplendently crafted novel and was a terrific storyteller, she still might not get to sell her novel because there was not many people that would buy a book indicted by a woman. Women writers were becoming more and more mundane as time perpetuated. Women are additionally being evolved in literature from being dismissed and not consequential to main characters with independence. Conventionally, the female characters were only utilized as an love interest or mother figure; however, now female characters are becoming leads.Feminism customarily comes in different waves. The first wave was Men’s Treatment of Women. It was people of both genders inductively authorizing that female characters to have more debt. Most of the characters were shallow and lacked consequentiality. First wave of feminist reproval was that commencement of