Stanley Schultz (2005) posits that radio shows were the most prevalent method of showbiz in America during the 1930s. As previously discussed, motion pictures had just come about, therefore radio shows were all that Americans really had to entertain them aside from live performances. Jigsaw puzzles arose as the most widespread games available to people during the Great Depression (Young & Young, 2007). This type of puzzle is less popular today and they cost little to nothing. The Great Depression caused several Americans to suffer and one can envision that this cheap form of entertainment was all they could afford.
Theory: themes, structures, and perspectives Karen Horney based her entire ideation of her theories on childhood experiences.
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She said that men suffered from womb envy because they will under no circumstances be able to bear a child (Washington, 2009). Womb envy was indeed an opposition of Freud. Womb envy and the hostility created from it is manifested unconsciously in behaviors designed to belittle women and highlight their second-rate status (Schultz & Schultz, 2012). As an outcome of believing their inferiority, women may decide to refute their femininity and subconsciously desire to be men (Schultz & Schultz, 2012). Horney termed this experience flight from womanhood, a condition built on social and cultural disadvantages that can result in sexual unresponsiveness (Engler, …show more content…
Her childhood left her feeling lonely and hostile but she channeled it into something positive, which in turn became legendary. Despite the odds that were against her for simple being a woman, she made major contributions to psychology. She did not accept the norms of Sigmund Freud and challenged many of his notions. She paved the way for many psychologists, especially females or those who wanted to work in feminine psychology. Our reasoning for choosing Karen Horney was due to the fact that we are young women trying to break into the field of psychology as well. We were inspired by her bold effort to oppose Sigmund Freud despite his prestige position in the psychology community and the possible public ridicule that would surface against her. She is one of the very few women psychologists still mentioned today, which gained our respect immediately. However, we believed that she does not get the recognition she deserves, which is why we wanted to introduce her to the class. As we go through our psychology books, she is mentioned in very pages and the authors usually sum up her contributions in a paragraph or two. If we were able to write about Karen Horney and her legacy in psychology in over ten pages, why can’t they? It was a pleasure to research her contributions to psychology and we hope to have covered them in their
Imagine, if you will, a time that seemed innocent... almost too innocent. Imagine a nation under whose seemingly conformist and conservative surface dramatic social changes were brewing, changes as obvious as integration and as subtle as fast food. And imagine, if you will, a radical television show that scrutinized, criticized, and most importantly, publicized these changes, making the social turmoil of a nation apparent to its post-world war, self-contented middle-class citizens. But what if this television show was not as it appeared? What if it masqueraded as simple science fiction, and did not reveal its true agenda until viewers took a closer look? Let us examine how such a television program can become a defining force in the culture of a nation, a force that remains just as powerful almost forty-five years after it first appeared. Let us investigate the secrets of... The Twilight Zone.
During the Great Depression, people went to the movies to get their mind off things and to forget about things temporarily. Life was portrayed a few different ways during the Great Depression. Different genres of film gave different perspectives on what life was like. The three genres compared are comedy, gangster, and musical films. Room Service and Modern Times are two films in the comedy genre and they portrayed a worry-free lifestyle. The Public Enemy is a gangster film and it had a dangerous lifestyle. Last, but not least, is Gold Diggers of 1933 and it is a pretty happy film. These films all had one thing in common though; the characters all had problems with money, which greatly relates to the Great Depression.
The Great Depression is where the film industry boomed with new types of movies like: gangster films and musicals. It was a hard time for people in this era to get by. Most people spent their time watching movies like: gangster films, musicals and comedies, like Modern Times and The Public Enemy and get away from the bad times of the Great Depression. Each film showed the Great Depression in different ways but both ways worked will.
Movies in the Great Depression were outlets that the American people used to escape the daily hardships and struggles of their lives. Three genres emerged and flourished during this time period: comedy, musicals, and gangster films. Each genre depicted life in the Great Depression in different yet similar ways. While watching the movies, you can see that money played a large part in the plot. Justice and the law are also reoccurring themes. The treatment and depiction of women in these films is one aspect that is interesting to study and look at, as well. Women’s rights was still a hot button issue, and it is plain to see that by viewing such films as “Room Service”, “The Public Enemy”, and “Gold Diggers of 1937”.
For the average American living in the city, The Great Depression was a time to cut back on luxuries, and find ways to cut comers on even the most basic items. Appliances, jewelry, and flimiture were some of the first items that Americans stopped buying. Because industries must sell in order to continue, the decline in sales of goods caused many factories to close causing unemployment, and worsening the depression. (DiBacco 538-539)
Because psychoanalysis was new, not as organized, and slow to catch on, many meetings were held in a casual setting between only a handful of professional acquaintances (McGovern). These small meetings eventually opened up and offered a safe place for women to participate in a relaxed and accepting professional environment. The opportunity for women to share their brilliant minds “allowed women to demolish any vestiges of doubt among analysts about the intellectual limitations of women as professionals” (McGovern 546). It was through patience and earnest sincerity and passion that the women of twentieth century America were able to overcome the libel their sex was labeled with and earn their place to state their theories and
In the 1930s, the United States was recovering from the Great Depression, and the urban audience needed products that would bring comfort and get-away opportunities. At the same time, radio broadcasting became more common in the country, bringing affordable entertainment to the public. In one account, ordinary southerners would listen to the radio on Saturday night as “there wasn’t nothing else doing.” Producers travelled in the South, including the Appalachian region, to record the rich, local, and traditional mus...
Her most famous theory is womb envy, which is a spin-off with a twist of Sigmund Freud's penis envy. This theory hypothesizes that men are jealous because they cannot produce off spring internally. This jealousy leads to man's desire to treat women as second-class citizens.
The ‘Golden Age of Television’ is what many refer to as the period between the 1950s and 60s when the television began to establish itself as a prevalent medium in the United States. In 1947, the American Broadcasting Company (ABC), Columbia Broadcasting System (CBS), the National Broadcasting Company (NBC), and the Du Mont Network were the four main television networks that ran stations with regular programming taking place. (Television, 2003) While regular television programming was a new innovation, the television itself had been commercially available for over twenty years prior to the 50s. It was conceived by many worldly innovators and went through several testing stages before it was finally completed in the late twenties. The three main innovators were Niplow - who first developed a rotating disk with small holes arranged in a spiral pattern in 1884, Zworykin - who developed the Iconoscope which could scan pictures and break them into electronic signals (a primitive form of the Cathode Ray Tube) in 1923, and lastly Fansworth - who demonstrated for the first time that it was possible to transmit an electrical image in 1927. (Rollo, 2011) However, one of the many reasons why this medium was successful in the 50s was due to the fact that it became more accessible to the public. Television sets were more affordable to middle class citizens which created further interest in the new technology. Through an historical account of the medium, the spread of television across America throughout this particular decade will be examined.
During The Great Depression films were an upright distraction for people in the 1930’s. Some examples of films are, “Public Enemy,” released in 1931, “Gold Diggers,” in 1933, next was “Modern Times,” 1936, lastly was “Room Service,” released in 1938. These films all served as a distraction of The Great Depression for people, and also showed what it was like during the time in some different ways. For example, the treatment of women was portrayed in some of these films. My opinion on how women were portrayed in some is that they were treated poorly based on some things in the move “Gold Diggers.” For example, it was harder for women to find a job than it was for men. In the movie, three singers from a Broadway show, Carol, Polly and Trixie, cannot seem to find a job in the beginning. Also Roger sings the song “We’re In the Money” in pig Latin. The chorus of this song shows the girls sex appeal as a way to earn money. Also their costumes had coins on their bodies symbolizing money. They also show Trixie going for the rich lawyer “fanny” which could show women just go after guys for their money. All the “gold diggers” end up married to wealthy men in the end except fay. In “Modern Times” Charlie Chaplin wrote and directed the movie that is showing women can’t do a man’s job. It is also showing they couldn’t direct a film because no women directed any of these films, and Charlie did both, produced and directed. One of the leading roles was played by Paulette Goddard, who spends time as his wife, and that is the only women involved in the movie. All the roles go to men, which is sexist to have a movie with one woman. In the movie “Room Service” it has a different approach, Lucille ball is a partner and she has an actual job in the mov...
The arts played a significant role in the Great Depression- not only as a means of escapism for some people, but also a psychological and ideological role that provided inspiration and optimism in a time of severe doubt and fear. For example, film provided an escape for a couple of hours, but also portrayed success during this time period. Many films focused on social realities of the time period, so that people could relate to these films. Films gave images of hope and success because they portrayed ordinary people, such as a girl winning a role in a play, or a man and a woman randomly meeting and falling in love. Andrew Bergman explains the effect of these films in his article Hollywood and the Great Depressi...
Westen, D. (1998). The scientific legacy of Sigmund Freud: toward a psychodynamically informed psychological science. Psychological Bulletin, 124(3), 333.
In this essay I am looking at where Psychology as a discipline has come from and what affects these early ideas have had on psychology today, Psychology as a whole has stemmed from a number of different areas of study from Physics to Biology,
Kimble, G. A., Wertheimer, M., and White, C. L. (1991) Portraits of Pioneers in Psychology, Volume I. Hillsdale, New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.
Horney was born in Germany in 1885. Her family was unsettling due to her father being absent most of the time because of work related circumstances. Horney was strongly independent and believed individuals were hypocritical of their religious beliefs. Similar to Freud, Horney studied medicine at the University of Freiburg. At the time, many opportunities were beginning to open for women in society. Horney initiated her theories with the explanation of basic anxiety. Unlike Freud, Horney came from a family who was less united. Her theory is relevant to her personal experiences and how she was able to cope with her issues. According to Langenderfer (1999), Horney’s thoughts on neurosis and psychoanalysis involve people coping with having complete control over the interpersonal problems. Horney describes neurosis as the feelings derived by culture. Freud, however, explains that neurosis is determined