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Effective rehabilitation programs in prison
Effective rehabilitation programs in prison
Effective rehabilitation programs in prison
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Avraham Hershkovitz
Subject ID: 5,692
Executive Summary Avraham Hershkovitz is a Far Right Jewish extremist, former Israeli soldier, and member of the Jewish Defense League. There is little direct evidence pertaining to his radicalization, but he appears to have quickly involved himself with the Jewish Defense League. Authorities arrested Hershkovitz on September 27, 1970 at Kennedy International Airport. He and his wife attempted to smuggle four guns and hand grenades that they wished to use in a hijacking a flight and diverting it to Israel. In April 1970, authorities sentenced Hershkovitz and his wife to five years in prison for passport violations. Hershkovitz later pleaded guilty to the 1970 bombing of the Soviet trade mission headquarters
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Young Adulthood (17-25) Avraham Hershkovitz served in the Israeli Army until shortly before the 1967 Arab-Israeli war, when he immigrated to the United States. Through Hershkovitz’s military service and his prior residence in Israel, he gained Israeli citizenship.
Adulthood (25-45) Throughout his adult life, Hershkovitz was an active Jewish extremist. Hershkovitz attempted multiple times to smuggle weapons through airport security and was arrested twice, once in the United States and once in Israel, on violating weapons control charges. In both arrests, the weapons being smuggled were to be used in revenge operations against Arab targets. While in prison in the United States, Hershkovitz admitted to participating in the bombing of a Soviet Trade Mission in New York. After serving two years of a five year prison sentence, authorities in the United States granted Hershkovitz parole and deported him to Israel, where he would be arrested again for smuggling weapons.
In 1970, federal authorities described Hershkovitz as an unemployed clerk who was involved with the Jewish Defense League (JDL). The JDL is a right wing militant group formed in the United States by Rabbi Meir Kahane in 1968. The mission of JDL is to protect Jews by any means they deem
Lucy Dawidowicz, the author of “The War Against The Jews 1933-1945” grew up in New York. She was born in 1915. Lucy started her undergraduate at Hunter College, where she studied English. After completing her undergraduate with tremendous achievement she started going to Columbia University to finish getting her masters in English Literature. While she was studying profusely she interrupted her studies to “work and study Jewish culture at Yivo, the legendary research institute in Vilna, Poland.” (Lucy Dawidowicz, The War Against The Jews 1933-1945 (New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1986), Front Cover.) She studied here for a rewarding year and then returned to New York to study more with the Yivo. After the debilitating WWII ended, she went over to Europe where she helped the Jewish people “recreate schools and libraries, and she recovered vast collections of books
In November of 1945, forty-eight staff members were tried. Including Josef Kramer, eleven members were sentenced to death, nineteen members were imprisoned, which included Herta Bothe, fourteen were set free, and the remaining four were too ill to stand trial. “On December 12, 1945, British military authorities executed Kramer and his codefendants.” (ushmm.org)
In this paper we will discuss the different point of views on the revolutionary war period that lead up the creation of the constitution between Howard Zinn and Larry Schweikart. It is true that the constitution as created by the rich, however the rich were more educated than the poor at the time, making them the reliable leaders of the society. This said, the rich might have tweaked the Laws to their slight advantage. Schweikart explains the creation of the constitution in order to fulfil the needs of the population. However Zinn emphasizes the fact that the government is controlled by the elites who benefit the most form the foundation of the constitution.
He studied all aspects of Jewish culture, attended Jewish meetings and often visited Jewish sections of cities while taking volumes of notes. He became familiar with the issue of Zionism, studied Hebrew and could even speak a bit of Yiddish. He gradually became the acknowledged 'Jewish specialist,' realizing this could have positive implications for his career in the SS. He soon attracted the attention of Heydrich and SS Reichsführer Heinrich Himmler who appointed Eichmann to head a newly created SD Scientific Museum of Jewish Affairs. Eichmann was then assigned to investigate possible "solutions to the Jewish question.
Elie Wiesel was born in Sighet, Romania (United States Holocaust). Wiesel had three sisters and they were an Orthodox Jewish family; with his parents being shop keepers. Wiesel’s father was highly respected in the community and many people looked up to him (Wiesel). Wiesel started studying the Kabbalah, a discipline and school of thought concerned with the mystical aspect of Judaism. It is a set of esoteric teachings meant to explain the relationship between an eternal/mysterious Creator and the mortal/finite universe (Google). This was odd for a boy of Wiesel’s age. Wiesel’s family was socially active within the community and well trusted. When World War II began, the town of Sighet was forced to live within two ghettos. However, Wiesel and his family were able to live wi...
Hertzberg, Arthur. (1973). The Jews of the United States. New York: Quadrangle/ The New York Times Book Co.
that was formed to educate people of the crimes put forth on the Jewish people
"While fighting for victory the German soldier will observe the rules for chivalrous warfare. Cruelties and senseless destruction are below his standard" , or so the commandment printed in every German Soldiers paybook would have us believe. Yet during the Second World War thousands of Jews were victims of war crimes committed by Nazi's, whose actions subverted the code of conduct they claimed to uphold and contravened legislation outlined in the Geneva Convention. It is this legislature that has paved the way for the Jewish community and political leaders to attempt to redress the Nazi's violation, by prosecuting individuals allegedly responsible. Convicting Nazi criminals is an implicit declaration by post-World War II society that the Nazi regime's extermination of over five million Jews won't go unnoticed.
If your identification papers said you were a Jew you couldn’t get a job and could be taken into a concentration camp as soon as you were discovered where you could be worked to death or even burned to death. According to the New Catholic Encyclopedia, verified by the Catholic Church, “The Hebrew term for holocaust is regularly translated in the Septuagint… the whole victim was burned up,” so the Holocaust was named for its chambers which Nazis would gather a large group of Jewish people and burn them to death, like in a sacrifice (59). Knowing this, Raoul Wallenberg began to pass out false identification papers without saying that they were Jewish. He gave out thousands of these false identification papers. According to www.ushmm.org, an official United States Holocaust Memorial museum, “With authorization from the Swedish government, Wallenberg began distributing certificates of protection issued by the Swedish legation to Jews in Budapest shortly after his arrival in the Hungarian capital. He used WRB and Swedish funds to establish hospitals, nurseries and a soup kitchen, and to designate more than 30 ‘safe’ houses that together formed the core of the "international ghetto" in Budapest.” Wallenberg was found by the Soviet Union and was arrested on January 17, 1945, and was never seen again. He is celebrated in Montreal, Canada for his great works
It has been estimated that nearly half of the total number of concentration camp deaths between 1933 and 1945 occurred during the last year of the war” (United States Holocaust Memorial Museum). The Holocaust was one of the most tragic events in the world’s history. “The Holocaust is the most investigated crime in history, as has often been pointed out in response to deniers. Eichmann may be that crime’s most investigated criminal” (Sells, Michael A.). Adolf Eichmann was one of the Nazis.
Simon Wiesenthal life and legends were extraordinary, he has expired people in many ways and was an iconic figure in modern Jewish history. Szyman Wiesenthal (was his real named and later named Simon) was born on December 31 in Buczacz, Galicia (which is now a part of Ukraine) in 1908. When Wiesenthal's father was killed in World War I, Mrs. Wiesenthal took her family to Vienna for a brief period, returning to Buczacz when she remarried. The young Wiesenthal graduated from the Humanistic Gymnasium (a high school) in 1928 and applied for admission to the Polytechnic Institute in Lvov. Turned away because of quota restrictions on Jewish students, he went instead to the Technical University
Before the 1960s, survivor remained silent about their experiences during the Holocaust. Over a hundred witnesses came forward and the attorney general selected about 50 out of the hundred’s of survivors to tell their stories. Hausner, the attorney general handpicked witnesses that had traumatic stories in an attempt to bring sympathy to survivors and rally the nation behind a Zionist agenda. A New York Times journalist Hannah Arendt noted the trial seemed biased and meant to fit a Zionist agenda. Arendt noted that most of the survivors new very little about Eichmann but they did survive some of the most gruesome conditions during the Holocaust. It was obvious Hausner had conducted the trial in a manner in which he switched the view of the trial from Eichmann to the holocaust survivors, in order to meet the government’s political
Holocaust Hero: A One of a Kind Man. What is a hero? A hero can be classified as a number of things. A hero can be a person who, in the opinions of others, has heroic qualities or has performed a heroic act and is regarded as a model or ideal.
The Jewish involvement in influencing immigration policy in the United States is especially noteworthy as an aspect of ethnic conflict.
...the trial, and those involved in the plot. The defendants were convicted, and most of them were executed at Berlin's prison.