The male reproductive system serves to manufacture the male gametes, known as the sperm. When appropriately timed intercourse occurs, the sperm and female egg are able to fuse together in order to produce a fertilized egg. The male and female reproductive system function equally to ensure that fertilization is able to take place. Once this occurs, the female’s uterus provides an environment for embryonic development until the birth of the baby (Marieb & Hoen, 2007).
There are, however, a number of factors that can affect the male reproductive system that significantly interfere with fertilization, and cause male infertility. These include semen quality, sperm motility impairment, and varicocele (WHO, 2014). Male infertility specifically relates to dysfunctions of the reproductive processes that are necessary for reproductive organ function and the development of healthy sperm. As a result, there is an inability to attain a clinical pregnancy within a year of unprotected, regular intercourse (WHO, 2009).
For the purposes of this paper there will be an exploration of current findings related to problems affecting male infertility, with focus on sperm defects and dysfunction. The importance will be a reflection of new information, and an overall enhanced understanding of the male reproductive system and associated problems.
Discussion
Approximately 15% of couples require infertility treatment options, with half of these cases due to male associated problems (ASRM, 2014). There are a number of factors to consider when examining male factor infertility. In order for fertilization to occur the male must be able to produce healthy, normally functioning sperm. Without this ability, the sperm may not reach the egg and fertilization may...
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...e being sperm defects and dysfunction. Infertility is an equally emotional experience for men as it is for women. Men can have feelings of shame, guilt, inadequacy, and frustration. If a couple requires fertility treatment, it consumes the entirety of their lives. They live each month on a strict schedule centering on ovulation and menstruation calendars, with feelings of both disappointment and hope. This is a topic that requires further knowledge and research, and studies should be aimed to address genetic analysis of male infertility, the human genome initiative, the effectiveness of ART, inclusion into healthcare to reduce costs and associated stress, and improvements in diagnostic testing. It is imperative that there is more attention and research on treatment options for male infertility, and exploration of these methods should be strengthened and encouraged.
Over time, the sperm and egg have evolved to be different. The article mentions the challenges with the sperm being able to reach the egg. There is also a discussion about how the protein affects the reproduction and a discussion on reproductive failure. The main concepts are how the egg and sperm reproduce, the challenges the sperm faces to get to the egg, how the egg and the sperm have evolved over time, and protein affects reproduction and reproductive failure. The outer shell of the egg has a sugary compound that allows the sperm to bind to the egg, resulting in reproduction.
Infertility is the inability to conceive any children after 12 months of trying to conceive after having unprotected sex. The infertility condition can be present in both partners. The cause may be physical, including immature sexual organs, abnormalities of the reproductive system, hormonal imbalance, and dysfunction or abnormalities in other organ systems, or it may result from psychologic or emotional problems. There are treatments for men or women like drugs, assisted reproductive technology, in vitro fertilization (IVF), artificial insemination, and surgery.
In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) is a complex series of procedures used to help those who want children but struggle with infertility. The process consists of extracting eggs from a woman and collecting a man’s sperm sample then manually combining them in a lab dish. Once the embryo(s) are created they are transferred to a woman’s uterus. IVF is commonly used in woman who cannot conceive on their own due to different reasonings. “These include but are not limited to blocked or damaged fallopian tubes, male factor infertility, woman with ovulation disorders, genetic disorders, woman who have had their fallopian tubes removed and unexplained infertility.” (American Pregnancy)
The history in a family can influence many generations. Certain families have stereotypes about them based on family history. This is a real world situation; the movie The Pregnancy Project, stereotypes about teen pregnancy where shown, and how they affect people. In the Pregnancy Project, the use of Gabi’s background influenced people’s reactions because her family has a history of teen pregnancy.
First, let’s define Infertility? Infertility is the inability to conceive from unprotected sex within a year. According to National Infertility Association(NIA), approximately 1 in 8 couples in the U.S-about 10-15% experience infertility. Infertility doesn’t discriminate against gender or race, therefore, it impacts both men and women equally, and that range from ages 15-50. In addition, any fertile individual could experience this condition, therefore, one can develop it later in life. This condition is shared by about 6 + million women in the U.S. and about 3-4.7 million men were diagnosed in with infertility, including 14% sperm/semen and 6% varicocele, which is an enlarged vein inside the male scrotum, pouch that holds the testicles of a male, therefore this blocks the blood from through the blood stream.
Sharpe, Richard M. and Niels Skakkebaek. 1993. Are oestrogens involved in falling sperm counts and disorders of the male reproductive tract? Lancet
According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2.1 million married couples experience troubles with infertility. Infertility is defined as trying for over a year and not becoming pregnant for women under 35 and trying for six months for women over 35. The cause of the infertility is a male factor one third of the instances, female another third, ten percent of the cause is a combination of both male and female factors and the remaining twenty percent is not apparent. In vitro fertilization is a process that tries to eliminate the problems inherent in the mother and father. It involves an egg is fer...
Fertilization is a very important aspect in a human life. Without fertilization, human cannot reproduce and no offspring will be produced. This means that the human race will be completely wiped out in more or less a century. So when there is a problem in the human fertility, it is very important to have a solution to overcome this problem.
“Managing Infertility.” USNews.com. Stanford University Medical Center, 31 Mar. 2007. Web. 22 Mar. 2010. .
I do believe the author’s conclusions were warranted given the study’s design. By using the results obtained from this study counselors can determine how to best help clients with various types of infertility issues. As the results of the study revealed the etiology of the infertility could be correlated with the type of stress the client experiences.
Abortion is the termination of a pregnancy by the removal or expulsion of a fetus or embryo from the uterus before viability (dictionary.com). Those who disagree with abortion think that this is not right, mid evil and a form of murder. All of those thoughts are correct; abortion is the act of removing a fetus from the protection of the mother’s uterus. However, is it not the duty of the mother to protect her unborn child? In this day in age, we are still allowing this barbaric method of ending a pregnancy to happen despite the many alternatives. If an unexpected pregnancy should occur, abortion should not the only option. There are many reasons why abortion should not be illegal in all parts of the world, and people need to know the options available. Adoption is certainly a strong option in a world wanting for children. Abortion is not a method of birth control and people need to be educated on pregnancy prevention and take on some responsibilities.
As a young adult, it may seem foolish to predict what your future family life will look like, especially in regards to children. Often times this reality is forced upon a select few, particularly homosexual couples; however, with the innovation of in vitro fertilization (IVF), a couple is met with promise and the hope of a successful family life. IVF can be described as a process by which a fetus is genetically formed in a laboratory setting. Though this process may seem unnatural in essence, it allows for a more diverse family arrangement through medical innovation. This procedure, though controversial, is seen by many as an advancement in the medical field and can be accredited to procuring a healthy child for an unfortunate family, whether
In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) has been one of the most controversial medical topics of today. Also commonly known as test tube conception, IVF is a medical procedure of the joining of a woman’s egg and a male’s sperm in a laboratory dish or test tube. “In Vitro” comes from a Latin origin literally meaning “outside the body”, hence the technique. Normally, fertilization takes place inside a woman’s body. The fertilized egg attaches to the lining of the womb and continues to grow until the baby is born nine months later, this process being completely natural and known as an unassisted conception. On the other hand, IVF is a form of ART, assistive reproductive technology. Due to a woman’s infertility or a male’s low sperm count, different measures, like this technique, are taken in order for a couple to bear children.
The female reproductive systems is made of 9 parts. The sex cell for the female reproductive system is called the egg or ovum. The egg spends it’s dormant life in the ovaries until it is released. The egg has 23 chromosomes within it. The ovaries have two goals: to create and house eggs and the release the female sex hormones, estrogen and progesterone. The fallopian tubes are what the egg travels through to reach the uterus. Fallopian tubes contain tiny hair-like structures called cilia; the cilia allows for mobility of the egg. The fallopian tube is roughly the size of 2 hairs, and is the site of where ectopic pregnancies happen. The process of the egg getting released from the ovaries through the fallopian tubes is called ovulation. Ovulation happens on the 14th day of the menstruation cycle The uterus is where the egg goes to after it travels through the fallopian tubes. The developing baby is held and nourished in the uterus. When the uterus is empty, it’s roughly the size of a fist but expands one an embryo starts to develop. The endometrium is the lining of the uterine wall. It’s used to protect the fetus. When the egg isn’t fertilized, menstruation ha...
To start this off, conception is the action of conceiving a child, and pregnancy is the period from conception to birth. They both share the same meaning: the process of getting pregnant. Conception happens when a sperm penetrates on one of the female’s eggs. Then, at around day 14 of a 28 day cycle, the egg leaves the ovary, and it is surrounded by a protective layer of cells. The fallopian tube is lined with cilia, which helps move the egg towards the womb. This is called ovulation. In the next 12-24 hours, the egg waits to be fertilized by a single sperm. The sperm then swims through the womb to meet the egg in the fallopian tube. And the sperm secretes enzymes to help penetrate the outer layer of the egg. Once the