The article Immigrant Children at School, 1880-1940 written by Selma Berrol focuses on Immigrant Children in school in the United States from the years of 1880 to the 1940’s. Throughout the article Berrol explains the many factors and how difficult it was for immigrant children to stay in school. Berrol starts by describing part of the reasons many children didn’t attend school and rather worked instead, during those times she explains that many parents would push their families to succeed, so in a way that encouraged children to leave school and work in their families business or anywhere that would bring money home. Another factor that had an influence was the order you were born in, the example she has was that younger siblings were more …show more content…
Although there was a number of ways families were reasons for children not to go to school or stop going to school, another reason according to the article was that immigrant children were treated differently which caused them to feel ashamed or embarrassed. For the lower income families, children were crammed into classrooms that weren’t capacitated to seat the number of kids that were there. A single teacher could have one hundred children a day, this caused many children to be denied their school options. When a child didn’t know English the would be placed in the lower level classes regardless of their ages. A common memory of many immigrant children was that they felt inferior to American children in many ways like, the obvious language barrier, clothes, and the fact that Americans couldn’t pronounce their …show more content…
Selma Berrol was a Jewish woman born in 1924 in New York, her parents were immigrants from Poland and Lithuania. She graduated with her bachelor's degree from Hunter College in New York City, she then got her masters degree at Columbia University and her Ph.D. at the City University of New York. Berrol was a professor at Baruch College for 27 years and was the head of department and assistant dean of Liberal Arts program. Immigrant Children at School was not her only publication, she also wrote Eastside/Eastend: Eastern European Jews in London and New York and Growing up American: Immigrant Children in the United States. It is clear that she has done her research and she is clearly qualified to write about this
In Subtractive Schooling: US-Mexican Youth and the Politics of Caring, Angela Valenzuela investigates immigrant and Mexican American experiences in education. Valenzuela mentions differences in high schools between U.S born youth and immigrants such as how immigrants she interviewed seemed to achieve in school as they feel privileged to achieve secondary education. However, she found that her study provided evidence of student failure due to schools subtracting resources from these youths. Both are plagued by stereotypes of lacking intellectual and linguistic traits along with the fear of losing their culture. As a Mexican American with many family members who immigrated to the U.S to pursue a higher education, I have experience with Valenzuela’s
Compared to people in the twenty-first century, with all their modern conveniences and technological advances, the life of any early-American seems difficult. However, the lives of children were among the most arduous. Linda Pollock states in her book Forgotten Children that between 1660 and 1800 families -and society in general- became more affectionate, child-oriented, and permissive of uniqueness and unstructured time (67). Although this may be true, many other sources depict the lives of children as taxing and oppressive at best. Children of the time were either forced to abandon education for their family contributions, or had to balance school with a full day's work ("Education"). Even when they were not in school or doing manual labor, their day-to-day lives were uncomfortable and harsh (Kids). Social status, as is expected, was a key factor in determining how hard a child's life would be (Murray 9). Although many children at the time had it easier than others they were all asked at an early age to take on adult responsibilities. The lives of all children in 1800 were mundane and difficult due to family and societal expectations for labor, schooling, and maturity.
Ellis island brought millions of immigrants to America between the years 1892 and 1954. It is said that 40% of our population today can trace their ancestors to Ellis Island. Many people of many nationalities came to The United States get a chance at having the “American Dream”. Whilst pursuing their dreams, they left their marks on American culture. No one has influenced us so much as the Italians and their way of life.
The education system was not equal for everyone. They separated the White and Mexican students with the excuse that the Mexican students did not know the language well enough and needed a different kind of education, so they created schools specifically for them. While the White students had all the new textbooks and nice schools, the Mexicans had what was left. They were given old used textbooks and small poorly built schools. In document 5 it showed two photos. The first photo was of students who attended Mexican Ward School in Texas in 1946. They photo shows students sitting in chairs
Immigration, the act of coming to live permanently in a foreign country. Throughout the United States’ history, immigrants faced various challenges and especially after 1880. Most immigrants moved to achieve the American dream of having a better life and pursuing their dreams. But, this experience as they moved, was different for every immigrant. Some lives improved while others did not. Immigrants such as Catholics, Italians, and the Chinese were not welcomed into America in the late 19th century and early 20th century because of their differences in beliefs and cultures.
Discrimination of Immigrants in 1920's America Beginning in the early nineteenth century there were massive waves of immigration. These "new" immigants were largely from Italy, Russia, and Ireland. There was a mixed reaction to these incomming foreigners. While they provided industries with a cheap source of labor, Americans were both afraid of, and hostile towards these new groups.
By the late nineteenth century the economic lines in America between the upper and lower class were quickly widening because of the boom of urban industrial expansion. Moreover, during the 1800s, America witnessed an influx of immigrants coming from many parts of the world, they made tenement houses in New York’s lower East Side a common destination. One person witnessing the living conditions of these tenements was journalist Jacob A. Riis. For several years, Riis, with camera in hand, tooked a multitude of photographs that depicted the atrocious working and living conditions in the New York slums. Riss reported that the tenements were severely overcrowded, unsanitary, and a breeding ground for crime and disease. Riss also claimed that the “slum” landlords of these tenements exploited immigrants by charging them more rent than they could afford. As a result, every member of the family had to work—even young children. Subsequently, in 1890, Riis wrote a book entitled: How the Other Half Lives: Studies Among the Tenements of New York, which included his horrifying photographs and sketches, as means to expose to the middle class the chaotic environment of tenement living. Although Riss’s book exposes a myriad of social and economic problems regarding tenement housing, one of the more prominent ills his photographs and prose reveal is the harsh and distressing reality that immigrant families from the lower class must treat their children as a form of labor in order to survive. With this in mind, by describing and analyzing three of Riis’s photographs, I will demonstrate the validity of my argument which portrays the exploitation of child labor.
In the eyes of the early American colonists and the founders of the Constitution, the United States was to represent the ideals of acceptance and tolerance to those of all walks of life. When the immigration rush began in the mid-1800's, America proved to be everything but that. The millions of immigrants would soon realize the meaning of hardship and rejection as newcomers, as they attempted to assimilate into American culture. For countless immigrants, the struggle to arrive in America was rivaled only by the struggle to gain acceptance among the existing American population.
Imagine seeing 10,000 of your classmates walking out of your school because they wanted a better education - a better way of life. In the 1960s’ Chicano students were being “pushed out”(Esparza) of school or being pushed towards vocational programs. East L.A was home to schools were “one out of every four Chicano’s completed high school”(Esparza). Instructors and the school board alike did not have an interest in helping Chicanos finish school to become someone other than a laborer and was expected of them to keep being a laborer. In “Taking Back the Schools”, Sal Castro a high school counselor claims, “I think the bottom line is the lack of concern of the teachers towards the kids and whether the kids were really getting an education or not...the reality set in that the teachers weren’t really concern for the kids.”(Esparza).
I have to introduce you to three individuals, not random individuals, but siblings - two brothers and a sister. They may seem just like any other people, but they have a secret that isn’t easily realized unless you know them. They belong here in the sense that they were born here, but their hearts belong to another land. They are the children of immigrants; the first generation to be born in America. It is a unique experience that to others may seem odd or exotic, but for these three is just as normal as learning to ride a bike.
...upport. The creator, “Norma Vega, a social worker and a former principal at Bronx International High School” had a vision and continues to work with immigrants (Medina, 2009). Vega also points out the immigrants who struggle, “If they were all sent to regular high school, they would simply be lost” (Medina, 2009)
Immigration played a large part in public education. With so many children immigrating to America for an education, schools were being packed with students. However, many of these students were not going to school and instead were working in
As a result, these kids begin to believe they can’t achieve more than they already have. They have been limited to a test score, and are forced to take classes pertaining to test taking skills rather than classes specialized in careers. Many of the minority schools do not have the same class opportunities as schools that wealthier children attend. Something that hit me hard was the boy that said, “You’re ghetto—so you sew!” He is to the point that he is seeing himself as many people in society see him. He has lost the belief that he can become much more than what people believe he can be. This girl’s mother worked at a sewing factory, so he believes it’s likely she will be working at one too. The education isn’t in place to help her do more than
One of the promises of coming to America was the public education. Upon arrival, children of immigrants who could go to school were promptly registered in the public school system. Before coming to America, some immigrant children had
Their zoned school was primarily low-income and hispanic, they noticed that the population of white students enrolled elsewhere-- contrary to their zone school assignments. The school had a Spanish dual-language program and had small class sizes, both of which interested the two parents, but there were many options open to them. Ultimately, they too chose to go to a different school-- Manhattan School for Children. “While most of the students in District 3 are black or Hispanic, nearly two-thirds of the students at Manhattan School for Children are white.” (The New York Times) Elana and Adam were conscious of the race disparity in the district, the parents considered their zone school to help combat this to some degree-- their children would still benefit-- but they still chose to enroll their child in the predominantly white