MUSCULAR SYSTEMS Hypertrophy: Hypertrophy is a term for the increases of the size of muscle cells and bulk. When we do a physical training such as weight lifting, the muscular hypertrophy occurs. Males have a higher chance to increase their muscle size because they have a higher level of hormone testosterone. Increase in tendon strength: tendons are between our muscles and bones are at the end of our muscles, these two pull against each other to cause the movement for us. Strong tendons will save us from injures and can help our bones mass also if a tendon in our body is damaged the body will replace it with a stronger one to deal with a body demand. Long term affects will increase the density of the tendons which increases tendon strength. …show more content…
Myoglobin store increases when we exercise on regular basis this is because over a long period our bodies adapt itself so it can receive more oxygen so we can exercise over a longer period. Myoglobin is found in our cardiac and skeletal muscles and have adapted for endurance activities (that require oxygen). Increased number of mitochondria: Mitochondria’s main function is to supply and produce energy to ATP. Mitochondria singular are cells that are from 0.5-1 micrometre in diameter. Long term affects include an increase in energy production, this means that our bodies are going to produce more energy which allow our bodies to exercise for longer and at a higher intensity. Increased storage of glycogen and fat: Glycogen is basically more or less sugar. Fat is a substance which is found in all humans that is used for energy. When we are doing regular exercises for a long period our muscles will be able to use fats for energy as this will be a benefit if there are more fats available so our muscles can use more to break down for energy so we can exercise over a longer time. But because we can use fats for energy our bodies allows glycogen to be …show more content…
Our bone calcium stores means the amount of calcium that is stored in our bodies. Our bones can be stronger by working against the gravity for example: walking, playing tennis, playing basketball, playing netball, aerobics and running. Long term affects include reducing the chance of your bones becoming weaker and more brittle which creates more of a chance of a fracture. This means that the athlete is going to be less prone to injury. During an injury it is very important that our bones are getting a high amount of calcium in order for them to heal. Increase stretch in ligaments: Ligaments are short band of tough, flexible, fibrous connective tissue structures that surround the joints and the job of it is to connect two bones or hold them together. When we exercise on the regular basis the ligaments will increase in flexibility and strength. This is because the ligaments will be stretching slightly more than they would if we weren't exercising so this helps the ligaments increase in strength and their ability to stretch. Long term affects include our bodies being able to move quicker and be more flexible than they used to
... It is not completely clear how it is that a tendon becomes a ligament, although Dr. Akizuki thinks that range of motion exercises help the tendon learn that it is being used as a ligament now and that it needs to adopt. Surgeons don't go back in to biopsy the repaired elbow to see how the tissue has changed, but follow-up MRIs show that the new tissue is acting as a ligament should.
Witvrouw, E., Mahieu, N., Roosen, P., & McNair, P. (2007). The role of stretching in tendon injuries. British journal of Sports Medicine , 224-226.
Calcium helps make bones strong and dense. Calcium is not made in the body so the body has to get it from the bones. When calcium is low bones will release less calcium into the blood stream.
Creatine increases the body's ability to do work. It is high powered and generates the muscles ultimate energy source - ATP (adenosine triphosphate)- ATP produces the contractions of a muscle's proteins. When muscles are performing work ATP is being broken down into ADP (adenosine diphosphate) and energy is given off. The ATP being used usually lasts 10 - 15 seconds. After that the muscle depends on creatine phosphate to restock the ATP. Creatine acts as a reserve for the ATP. Therefore increased amounts of creatine will allow the body to supply ATP at a faster rate. Which, in turn allows an individual to workout longer and maintain a high level of strength. With creatine as a supple)-nent the body is exposed 4 grams of creatine per kilogram. Red meats give 1 gram of creatine per large serving.
Exercise and the act of any bodily motion requires chemistry to power all of the necessary moving parts. There are two functions of exercise that make you feel good while working out and then make you feel not so good. The first “feel good” process is the releasing of endorphins during a workout. Endorphins are chemicals released by the pituitary gland of the brain. The pituitary gland produces approximately 20 different types of endorphins that assist the human body with a variety of functions. Endorphins diminish the brain’s ability to perceive pain, which is similar to the function of sedatives. A few examples of the benefits of endorphins are that they help with stress reduction, relieving pain, boosting immunity, slowing the aging process,
Stretching the muscles that surround the joint will help improve your range of motion and help you return to regular daily activities. It will also prevent further injury.
Hypertrophy describes the increase in size of muscle as the result of stress put upon the muscle. Muscles go through hypertrophy in order to adapt to the increased demands placed upon them to perform. This is the primary goal of weight training.
Interval training brings many benefits to the aerobic system. Perhaps the most important benefit is an increase in its capacity to produce energy. This is brought about by increased capacity to consume oxygen during exercise. Several experiments have yielded results demonstrating that interval training increases both VO2 peak (Perry, 2008) and VO2 max (Sloth, 2013). Oxygen is necessary for the conversion of sugar, protein, and lipids into usable energy. The chemical processes involved in aerobic metabolism are not possible without oxygen, particularly the electron transport chain, the mechanism responsible for 95% of the ATP needed to keep cells alive. Oxygen is necessary to capture the large amount of energy locked in the chemical bonds of pyruvic acid, the product of the anaerobic process glycolysis. Thus, the more oxygen the body is able to consume, the greater production of ATP via the aerobic system.
Muscles come in all shapes and sizes and around 700 of them call the human body their home. This human body system is responsible for both conscious and unconscious movement. Muscles help make up almost every area of the human body and enable us to do many, if not most, of our daily routines. About half of our weight is due to muscle mass. Each one is made up of nerves, skeletal muscle tissue, blood vessels, and tendons. As we age, a variety of problems can arise as our muscles get older and older. However, there are certain things we can do currently that will help improve our future muscular health.
...en and elastin. Studies have shown that exercise prevents changes in collagen and elastin which leads to stiffness. Exercise also prevent accumulation of advanced glycation end-product which increases with age and is known to cause stiffness.
Firstly, it is highly effective for prevention and treatment of many common diseases and longevity. Strength training can improve muscle strength and endurance, make it easier to do daily activities, slow disease that related declines in muscle strength, and provide stability to joints. Stability exercises may help reduce the risk of falls. Such as heart disease. Mayo Clinic Staff said a routine of regular cardio can improve heart health. Recent studies have shown that break training is often tolerated well in people with heart disease, and it can produce significant benefits, (2015). It also allows the system of organs within the body to work better, especially the organ systems associated with the breathing and heart. According to an article in the journal "Circulation" wrote by Patrick Dale, (2014). When everyone begins to exercise, blood is shunted to muscles from other areas of body, including their gut. The temperature of blood increases and the blood vessels near skin expand to promote total body cooling. It increases the density of bone in the body, and stimulates lung function makes the lungs
Myofibrillated hypertrophy and 2. Sarcoplasmic hypertrophy. Both of the categories are dependent on the load of the stimulus. With the training there is increase in neural drive which stimulates the muscle contraction. One of the main factor with hypertrophy is progressive overload, in which increasing the weight in a progressive manner can stimulate growth. So designing the protocol for training plays an important role in muscle growth in terms of hypertrophy. Resistance training with older individuals plays an important role in maintaining the muscle mass thereby preventing sarcopenia. The external resistance in strength training can be in any form like dumbbells, tubing, own body weight
One of the biggest myths about weight lifting is that it stunts growth, in other words, injury or discomfort in the epiphyseal plate, often known as growth plate. Numerous articles and researches about weight lifting effect on fully developed adults have been written but often times, weightlifting article for teenagers is neglected. The purpose of this paper
Muscle tissues grow by means of physical activity in the same way they are able to become more well-defined (with regards to physical
Chemically, the “ benefits of exercise come directly from its ability to reduce insulin resistance, reduce inflammation, and stimulate the release of growth factors—chemicals in the brain that affect the health of brain cells, the growth of new blood vessels in the brain, and even the abundance and survival of new brain cells” (Godman). This process, known as neurogenesis, counters the primary ramifications of aging on the brain, and helps with mental clarity, decision making skills, and organization. In the long run, this continuous growth of new blood vessels and the survival of new brain cells aid