With nearly 3.18 million people in the United States, there are 610.042 individuals who are homeless which calculates to about nearly one in five individuals (U.S. Census Bureau, 2014 and HUD/US, 2013). At any time situations can change that can render an individual’s homeless. There are no qualities that exempt individuals from the chances of becoming homeless. However, there are certain predispositions and characteristics that can predict the likelihood of becoming homeless. Homelessness can be contributed to a number of situations such as occupational stress, financial stress, mental health issues, substance use, gender, age, race, disabilities, incarceration, chronic illness, and family stress.
The biggest victims of domestic violence are the littlest. The home is supposed to be a safe and secure environment for children with loving parents and free from violence. Children need a secure environment where they can come home to when the outside world is unsafe. However, every year there are millions of children whose homes are not a safe haven. Millions of children are exposed to a parent being violently assaulted. Domestic violence is a prevalent social issue in America today. First, who is affected by domestic violence is addressed. Second, the impact of domestic violence on children is established. Third, the social harm of domestic violence is depicted. This paper argues that domestic violence has tremendous affects on children.
McNamara, Robert Hartmann. "Homelessness." Encyclopedia of Contemporary American Social Issues. Ed. Michael Shally-Jensen. Vol. 3: Family and Society. Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO, 2011. 1024-1031. Gale Virtual Reference Library. Web. 2 May 2014. .
Homelessness is a vast predicament in America and around the world. It is severely overlooked as people don’t really think of homelessness as real world problem. However, there have been ways that people have tried to fix the problem. They have come up with homeless shelters, emergency shelters, food banks and soup kitchens. These solutions have limitations though, which will hopefully come to an end.
The purpose of this paper is to examine the effects of poverty on young children and their families. The focus will be on homelessness and how the child is affected in two major settings: the home, or lack of, and school. In both of these settings, children are impacted by different social forces and must push through barriers that are set before them given their circumstance. “Living without permanent, long-term housing creates a number of stressors for children and families, but being homeless can be particularly detrimental to the healthy development of young children” (McCoy-Roth, Mackintosh, & Murphey, 2012). “Homeless families with very young children are one of the fastest growing segments of homelessness. This period in the life cycle is recognized as the most formative and fragile time for children and families” (Swick, 2010).
Homelessness in the United States is as a revolving-door crisis. Person a can have a place to stay one night, and the next have nowhere at all. Homelessness is when one cannot afford for a place to live, or their current home is unsafe or unstable. One is homeless if he or she spends a night in a shelter or possibly on the streets. Many other definitions of homelessness exists, however, the main idea is that homelessness is a condition not a status. Women and children make up a big chunk of the homeless community. Education for homeless children is a struggle, and many agree that the Federal government should invest more towards reducing homelessness. Poverty and homelessness has always existed in the United States but by the turn of the twentieth century, approximately 40 percent of Americans were homeless in the year 1900.(Patterson,13) In the United States there are many factors to becoming homeless, but in America you are forced to become homeless.
The many causes of the homelessness issue has arisen from global conflict, unemployment increase, education tuition costs rising, and the increase of poverty. Homelessness is affecting all ages, ethnicities, and religions striking in both urban and rural communities. “Just last year, the national poverty rate rose to include 13.2% of the population. 1 in 7 people were at risk of suffering from hunger in the United States. In addition, 3.5 million people were forced to sleep in parks, under bridges, in shelters or cars.”
Poverty and homelessness are complex concerns that defy a single, simple solution. Families and individuals of any age can become poor or homeless, temporarily or permanently, for a variety of reasons. Some of the variations may include breakdown, violence or abuse in the home, unemployment, recent immigration or release from prison, substance abuse and addiction, mental and physical illness and a shortage of affordable housing. We see the effects poverty and homelessness have beyond making difficult choices when limited resources are available. Each person who finds themselves in poverty and homelessness are a unique individual, with a unique story. We detect the seriousness of poverty and homelessness
The victims of domestic violence are not only the battered men and women who endure it but also the children who witness it. A report by Low and Mulford (2012) estimated that approximately 30 percent of children will witness domestic violence at some point in their lives. Furthermore, the negative impact of domestic violence on these children will likely cause development problems in one or more of the following areas: social, emotional, cognitive and/or behavioral (pg 1).
Traditional research to ascertain the effects of living with domestic violence on children conducted psychological test to measure children’s competency and development. Development psychologists experimented on children in laboratory settings, if the level of competency demonstrated by a child was below average for their age and stage of development, witnessing domestic violence was deemed to be the cause. To know whether a child has been harmed by their experiences we need to how ‘normal’ children function and develop (Archard 197). But there is no universally agreed timeless norm of children’s health and development. Some psychologists believe domestic violence effects the way that children think and can cause ‘pre-mature’ developmental understanding and ways of thinking. What counts as harm depends on norms of well-being which vary culturally.
Modern homelessness in the United States is conventionally thought of as arising in the 1980s, a period of dramatic demographic transformation in the homeless population. Traditionally dominated by single men, the homeless population was augmented by an increase in homeless families. This phenomenon can be attributed to a few major structural changes in American society. The first is economic restructuring which influenced the decline of the middle class and growing socioeconomic inequality. Consequently, more people turned to welfare in order make ends meet. Unfortunately, the welfare system had essentially eliminated funding for subsidized housing and adopted increasingly
...ty for increasing the likelihood that women will become homeless. Female single parent families rose form 23.7 % of all families in poverty in 1960 to 52.6 % of all families in poverty in the mid 1990's. (Hagen, 1994). As a result of historical growth in women's poverty and female headed family homelessness, it has been increasingly important for research to focus on the unique sets of issues and problems that women's homelessness presents.
The economic component of the homelessness situation can be broken down into two interrelated parts: housing affordability and a low income rate. The economic recession that followed the financial crisis of 2007 left many individuals unemployed during a time that saw a spike in the price of housing. So not only did the cost of living increase, the rate of income also decreased accordingly. Unsurprisingly, during these same years homelessness rose from 24.2 percent in 2007 to 29.4 percent in 2009 (citation).
Homeless women with children are socially disadvantaged families in the U.S. that usually do not have the level of support they need because they lack resources of their own. They usually struggle with limited access to services, lack of information about services, and lack of support systems that are the main obstacles to obtain independence. Accordingly, the most of the women face extra challenges with finding housing, transportation, job, health care, and child care. The purpose of paper is to discuss major barriers that can cause additional challenges to overcome homelessness. Major barriers are based on lack of possibilities and lack of understanding individuals’ needs. Providing of needed services, individualized social support, and
Tunstall, L. (2009). Homelessness: an overview. EBSCO Publishing Service Selection Page. Retrieved February 5, 2011, from http://web.ebscohost.com/pov/detail?hid=119&sid=d5f751fa-0d0d-4ed1-8deb-483e701af50c%40sessionmgr111&vid=3&bdata=Jmxhbmc9ZW4tY2Emc2l0ZT1wb3YtY2Fu#db=p3h&AN=28674966