Holography
Method of obtaining three-dimensional photographic images. These images are obtained without a lens, so the method is also called lensless photography. The records are called holograms derived from Greek holos, meaning “whole” and gram, meaning “message”. The theoretical principles of holography were developed by the British physicist Dennis Gabor in 1947. The first actual production of holograms took place in the early 1960s, when the laser became available. By the late 1980s, the production of true-color holograms was possible, as well as holograms ranging from the microwave to the X-ray region of the spectrum. Ultrasonic holograms were also being made, using sound waves.
Production,
A hologram differs essentially from an ordinary photograph in that it records not only the intensity distribution of reflected light but also the phase distribution. That is, the film distinguishes between waves that reach the light-sensitive surface while they are at maximum wave amplitude, and those that reach the surface at minimum wave amplitude. This ability to discriminate between waves with different phases is obtained by having a so-called reference beam interfere with the reflected waves.
Thus, in one method of obtaining a hologram, the object is illuminated by a beam of coherent light—a beam in which all the waves are traveling in phase with one another. Such a beam is produced by a laser. Essentially, the shape of the object determines the form of the wave fronts—that is, the phase at which the reflected light arrives on each point of the photographic plate. Simultaneously, a portion of the same laser beam is reflected by a mirror or prism and directed toward the photographic plate; this beam is called the reference...
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...ath parallel to the earth's direction of motion would take longer to pass through a given distance than light traveling the same distance in a path perpendicular to the earth's motion. The interferometer was arranged so that a beam of light was divided along two paths at right angles to each other; the rays were then reflected and recombined, producing interference fringes where the two beams met. If the hypothesis of the ether were correct, as the apparatus was rotated the two beams of light would interchange their roles (the one that traveled more rapidly in the first position would travel more slowly in the second position), and a shift of interference fringes would occur. Michelson and Morley failed to find such a shift, and later experiments confirmed this. Today the propagation of electromagnetic waves through empty space has replaced the concept of the ether.
There first invention produced was the Technicolor System 1 Additive Color, which I’m sorry to say flopped massively due to the unfortunate screening of The Gulf Between in 1917 which only a few frames remain of this film today. This was the first public premier of the technology and was disastrous. The film was captured through two separate filters red and green and the light through those two filters was captured on a single reel of film, when processed this negative had red and green information captured on a black and white reel, when this was processed the reel was placed into a projector and then threw red and green filters. To project the image an adjustable prism that had to manually lined up by the projectionist as two separate images formed on the projection screen this did not work as planned as the projectionist failed to line up the images correctly.
In the French coastal town of Saint- Malo in August 1944, War World II is coming to its high point. The allies are landing and fighting against Germany. Anthony Doerr’s “All the Light We Cannot See” is a historical fiction book, with a wide-ranging language and characters who are both courageous and heartbreaking. Doerr brings together the stories of a French girl named Marie-Laure, who has lost her eyesight and a German orphan named Werner. As Hitler upsurges, Marie-Laure and Werner lives and families are torn apart by the war. Anthony Doerr 's’ use of imagery, and metaphor, he stresses the damage of life that war creates. Since the characters were affected by the war and also affected by their experiences, all characters went through a change
Prior to the invention of the daguerreotype, the Camera Obscura was the main optical instrument that was used to project images onto paper. The Camera Obscura was a device in the shape of a box that allowed light, which was being reflected from the images that the user was intending to capture, to enter through an opening at one end of the box to form an image on a surface and an artist would then trace the image to form the most accurate impression of an image at that peri...
Describe the design on the machine and how their component parts work to produce an image.
The book All The Light We Cannot See by Anthony Doer, was not your traditional love and war story. It’s about a young blind girl named Marie growing up in the war, who had a connection with a young boy named Werner who is a part of the Hitler youth. There are a few other characters who are all in different parts of the world, and yet they eventually all meet up together and find out they all have some type of connection between each other. All of the characters in the book were affected by the war, and caused them to change into the characters that they ended up to be.
The story of augmented reality goes back as far as the early 1900’s when L. Frank Baum wrote the “novel The Master Key. Printed in 1901, the book mentions a “character marker” set of electronic spectacles that when you view someone through them would show a letter on that person’s forehead regarding their character.” However, the first invention to use some type of augmented reality would not come along till 1968 and Ivan E. Sutherland and his head mounted three dimensional display. “The fundamental idea behind the three-dimensional display is to present the user with a perspective image which changes as he moves.” This would allow for an illusion of 3D on a 2D plane. This however, wasn’t true augmented reality; yes this augmented what you see on a screen and gave an illusion of 3 dimensions, but it does not overlay actual reality with com...
There are three major types of displays used in Augmented Reality: head mounted displays (HMD), handheld displays and spatial displays. HMD is a display device worn on the head or as part of a helmet and that places computer generated images (CGI) over the real and virtual environment of the user’s view. This is accomplished by projecting CGI through a partially reflective mirror on the lens of the HMD, thus allowing the user to viewing the real world and at the same time see the augmented world too.
Newton acquired many of these lenses and began to experiment with how they could manipulate rays of light. In one of his experiments he had a beam of sunlight pass through one of the prisms and observed a spectrum of light hitting the wall of a dark room. He continues to manipulate these experiments. In one he drilled a small hole into a board placed against a window and then placed a prism over the hole. He projected this beam of light onto a wall as well as on a white sheet of paper. This created a round white image with a sliver of blue around the upper rim and red around the lower rim. He performed another experiment in which he had a beam of white light pass through one prism which separated the different colors and then made it pass through an identical prism that was upside down, which turned the beam back into plain white light. Through these experiments he showed that light can be both decomposed and put back
Perhaps the greatest contribution to the astronomy was the intervention of the reflecting telescope. Further, he analyzed the properties of glass and came to the conclusion that refracting telescopes would always suffer from the noticeable aberrations. Further, the fundamental problem was the chromatic aberration. It arises from the prism-like effect, as light passes through a lens and is bent. Besides, every wavelength of the light is bent by the different amount. In essence, the red light appears to be bent more than the blue
. After reflection of the two beams, they recombine at the beam-splitter. Depending on the location of the moving mirror, difference in the optic paths are generated. The two beams interfere constructively and therefore lead to a maximum detector response when they are in phase with each other. The beams interfere destructively when they are out of phase with each other. (14)(15)
Scientists and engineers have been able to enhance our lifestyles by understanding and using the Laws, Concepts and Principles of Optics and how they are applied in Optical Instruments. The key concepts are:
An optical illusion can be a picture that appears to be an elephant with four legs, but when looking closer, a person is unable to count the legs, due to irregular lines. Another example of an optical illusion is the Hermann Grid Illusion, in which a grid with black boxes and gray lines appears to have black dots on the white circles. It does not, in reality,
“X-Ray Vision / Depth Perception: When AR system was being built, one of its main agendas was to allow users to view objects which have been obstructed by real world objects. This was achieved by showing the position of the obstructed object. However such a system had its own problems. First of all, the alignment of virtual object...
A history of the beginning of the year augmented reality 1957-1962, when an inventor named Morton Heilig, a cinematographer, created and patented a simulator called Sensorama with visual, vibration and odor. In Virtual Reality technology, users interact with the virtual environment created for simulating the real world, but the user can not see the real world around him. In the augmented reality technology, the user can see the real world around him with the addition of a virtual object generated by a computer. Augmented reality 3D objects that appear directly in the media, it would require a special tool called a Head Mounted Display
Providing the basis of nineteenth century physics, Young's Double Slit Experiment proved that light was made up of waves. During Thomas Young’s time, it was very difficult to describe the behavior of light. The predominant theory was that light was made up of particles. However, in his experiment, Young was able to observe the interaction of light waves when passed through two slits, showing the wave-like nature of light. This report will cover the reasons for Young’s experiment, the experiment itself, and its implications.