Global Warming
One of the hottest topics being discussed now a days is the effects of global warming on the environment and the efforts being made in order to combat the potential effects. Simply put, global warming refers to the environmental effects caused by the constant emission of carbon dioxide from carbon based fuels. These effects are supposedly widespread; the temperature of the earth will rise, the land becomes less conducive to, vegetation, and various ecosystems become extinct. There is no common consensus on how to control the problem and through out the paper it discusses the issues of global warming.
There were three articles read that discussed how global warming is becoming a potential problem that needs to be analyzed thoroughly. One article (“On Global”, 1:18) is very cautious about how to approach the problem; the author believes that not enough is known about the effects of global warming versus the costs of containing it. He suggest no more than a modest flat tax on carbon based fuels Another article (Schneider, A:17) discusses the debates that the Clinton white house representatives have over the best route in dealing with the problem. The third article (Reuter, C:7) touches on the potential effects of global warming in tropical rain forests.
Furthermore, each article shows that there is no common consensus in dealing with global warming. One article stresses that the issue is so murky that it is open to debate. Another article shows how members of the White House cannot agree on the matter and yet another author shows how countries cannot agree to ratify a treaty.
After reviewing the information available on the subject, it appears that there is no easy answer to how to deal with global warming. To begin with , there is absolutely no consensus whatsoever as to the extent of the problem. One article (“On Global”, 1:18) simply maintains that the models available to judge the damage that global warming causes are just too ‘ primitive and insufficient. Both technological and economical models used to deal with the subject seem flawed. Additionally, the question arises as to whether the U.S. should have to calculate the cost of cleaning up the environment for countries like India and China that are too poor to give the matter priority.
But another article (Reuter, C:7) maintains that the effects of global warming are alr...
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...es on carbon based fuels and timetables for monitoring progress.
It is therefore interesting to note how these issues were dealt with by the Clinton-Gore administration. The vice president did not discuss the issue at all after his inauguration. Many Clinton-Gore campaign promises were never fullfilled. Why? because they were not practical goals. They met with too much resistance from opponents. This lesson ought to be taken to heart on a number of issues. While Gore and Clinton might have been sincere in their campaign promises, the voters should always wonder what influence the opposition had over them. Additionally, it is on curiosity how the European community backed the climate treaty, but when time came to ratify the documents it didn’t pass.
Work Cited
“On Global Warming; Why no Carbon Tax?” The New York Times 25 May 2006, late ed. Sec 1:18
Reuter. “Dangers to Forests Seen from Warming.” The New York Times 17 Aug. 2003 late ed., Section C:7
Schneider, Keith “Gore Meets Resistance in Efforts for Steps on Global Warming..” The New York Times 19 Apr. 2003, Late Ed. Sec A:17
WWW. Discover. Org
WWW. NASA .Gov
WWW. Global Warming. net
www. Edf. org/
In this essay, the author
- Explains the effects of global warming on the environment and the efforts being made to combat the potential effects. there is no common consensus on how to control the problem.
- Analyzes three articles that discussed how global warming is becoming a potential problem that needs to be analyzed thoroughly.
- Analyzes how each article shows that there is no common consensus in dealing with global warming. one article stresses that the issue is murky that it is open to debate.
- Opines that there is no easy answer to how to deal with global warming. there is absolutely no consensus as to the extent of the problem.
- Explains that another article (reuter, c:7) maintains that the effects of global warming are already too well known.
- Explains that the wisest plan of action depends on the degree of certainty one has about the effects of global warming.
- Explains that the green peace camp wants an exorbitant tax on such fuels, while those in the middle want a tax adjusted according to timetable to ensure that goals for reducing carbon dioxide will be met on time.
- Explains that getting different interests to agree on a plan of action is not easy. president clinton backed out because he feared the backlash of his opponents who would accuse him of trying to cut the usage of carbon based fuels
- Explains that a recent pact called the climate change convention did not get the signatures of fifty countries out of 100, necessary to make the agreement affective. the european community shudders at the thought of any tax on carbon based fuels.
- Opines that the best course of action depends on one's sentiments. if one is flustered by the lack of consensus over the extent of damage that global warming could bring about, it is probably best to go with the most conservative measure.
- Analyzes the struggle of politicians to push for legislation. gore authored a best selling book on the environment to set the pace at which the clinton-gore administration was going to deal with the environmental problems.
- Analyzes how the clinton-gore administration dealt with these issues; the vice president did not discuss the issue after his inauguration.
- Cites the new york times article on global warming; why no carbon tax?
Related
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- Fiery Future Of Climate Change By Tim Dickinsonanalytical essayGlobal warming is a scientific, political, and controversial topic. Some believe it is catastrophic, a slow moving killer hiding in the shadows. Others do not even think twice about it as they race by in a Hummer. Global warming is the gradual increase of temperature throughout different climates. It is caused by the greenhouse gas effect in which greenhouse gases, like methane and carbon dioxide, reflect sunlight back and forth. This reflected ultraviolet light bounces between the earth and the ozone layer and becomes trapped, resulting in a gradual rise of temperature. Over time, the slow rise of temperature causes new climates throughout the globe. The article “What Megablazes Tell Us About the Fiery Future of Climate Change” by Tim Dickinson
In this essay, the author
- Explains that global warming is a scientific, political, and controversial topic. it is caused by the greenhouse gas effect in which greenhouse gases reflect sunlight back and forth.
- Analyzes how tim dickinson argues that the continuously heating world is intensifying drought and setting the stage for mega fires in places like alaska.
- Analyzes how dickinson's article is characterized by pathos, diction, and urgency, while minorsky lacks a robust emotional approach, which makes his article less persuasive.
- Opines that climate change is an issue for the human race, and is caused by humans. they believe it is our duty to fix the problem that we created.
- Analyzes minorsky's argument that the world is in the beginnings of an ecological cataclysm similar to that of the dinosaurs.
1444 wordsRead More - Global warming is one issue that the United States has been facing for many years now. Never has this issue been taking seriously, but it is not just an issue only this current generation will face but also the future generations will have to deal with as well. Not just something that can be overlooked for too long. It need attention and needs to be worked on. There are many things connected to global warming, all can have bad effects on the society we currently live in. It is a growing concern over the last few decades, about what it is, how it’s caused and the impacts it has on society. Many wonder what the United States government, big corporation even individuals have done to help the environment or even what should be done.
In this essay, the author
- Opines that global warming is an issue that the united states has been facing for many years now.
- Explains that global warming is caused by natural and human consumption causes, such as burning of fossil fuels for everyday errands.
- Explains that global warming causes droughts, heat waves, and severe cold winters in the united states. the drought is not good for the economy of central valley and the framers.
- Explains that california passed the california global warming solutions act (ab 32) and became the first state to standardize greenhouse gases by 2020.
- Explains that global warming affects everything from agriculture to the new generation babies.
- Opines that corporations need to find new ways of getting work done, such as finding better alternatives.
- Opines that the subject of global warming is huge and one that can't be avoided any longer. there are cheaper and less expensive ways to help the environment but need to be found.
- Opines that the u.s. federal government should take these ideas into consideration and educate the common people about the climate change issue.
- Cites dawson, mccright, dunlap, hulme, dlugokencky, butler, j. h., and spooner, i.
1953 wordsRead More - Global Warming Essay: Union of Concerned Scientists vs Competitive Enterprise Instituteanalytical essayGlobal warming is an issue we are all pretty familiar with. It is the climate change that we, humans, are responsible for. The warming of the earth’s atmosphere is caused by the fossil fuels we burn, clearing of forests, and the carbon dioxide and other harmful gases we release into the air (Cunningham, Cunningham, 2009). There are other harmful toxins we use such as pesticides that are supporting global warming. Some effects of global warming include: increase in weather catastrophes, melting glaciers, rising sea levels, and the impact on species could lead to extinction (Cunningham, Cunningham, 2009). “Many scientists regard anthropogenic global climate change to be the most i...
In this essay, the author
- Compares the ucs and cei's positions on global warming, and explains that both organizations have credible and discreditable backgrounds and use scientists to prove their positions.
- Explains that global warming is caused by fossil fuels burning, clearing of forests, and carbon dioxide and other harmful gases released into the air.
- Argues that exxonmobil is the leader of confusing the ideas that global warming is not real and will not harm human health.
- Argues that the competitive enterprise institute is manipulating the human population that global warming is worse than it really is. the union of concerned scientists works together and combine their scientific research to create a healthier environment.
- Explains that the union of concerned scientists and the competitive enterprise institute have scientists to argue their side of the debate.
- Analyzes how exxonmobil's campaign against global warming was hard to find scientists to oppose the issue. ivan osorio, iain murray, and myron ebell argue in contrast.
- Explains that the kyoto protocol was created in kyoto, japan in 1997. it set different limits to different countries, depending on what their emissions were before 1990.
- Explains that the union of concerned scientists and exxonmobil and members of the competitive enterprise institution have close ties with different members in administration.
- States that the ucs track record is bursting with examples of how it puts politics ahead of science. kurt gottfried is the union of concerned scientist’s chairman and has donated more than ten thousand dollars to the democratic party.
- Explains that the union of concerned scientists and the competitive enterprise institute claim to have the most credible and researched facts about global warming.
1644 wordsRead More - In the documentary, The Inconvenient Truth, Al Gore presents a brief synopsis of some of the outcomes that global warming has played on our delicate Earth. Mr. Gores objective is to “…separate truth from fiction…” by providing various statistics, charts, equations, pictures, while including his personal life experiences. The data gathered, and the trends of different climatological graphs, were introduced to the public in order to provide a finer comprehension of the situation at hand. This documentary also provides a deeper understanding regarding the most sensitive issue about the environment which is the Global Warming.
In this essay, the author
- Analyzes how al gore's documentary, the inconvenient truth, provides a brief synopsis of some of the outcomes that global warming has played on our delicate earth.
- Explains that global warming is caused by the gradual increase of greenhouse gases in the ozone layer.
- Opines that people must take good care of earth's nature and not ignore its climate crisis. many governments and countries supported the kyoto protocol’s aim at reducing greenhouse gas emissions.
- Hopes that the inconvenient truth will help others embrace the reality of global warming enough to take action and partake in the recovery process.
532 wordsRead More - Overview of Climate Change in the United Statesopinion essay1. L. D. D. Harvey, E. J. Bush, "Joint Implementation: An Effective Strategy for Combating Global Warming?," Environment, October 1997.
In this essay, the author
- Explains that climate change is on the international policy agenda primarily because of scientists' warnings of a potentially dangerous increase in the average global temperature, fortuitously assisted by unusual weather events.
- Explains that the debate over climate change is unfolding rapidly, but it is also becoming increasingly mired in controversy, and nowhere more so than in the united states.
- Analyzes how scientific knowledge interacts with the formulation of policy on a significant issue in the united states.
- Opines that the uncertainty of scientific evidence, the structure of government, debatable economic assessments, international framework, media, and partisan politics can affect the role of science in public policy.
- Explains that the climate change issue hinges on scientific evidence and forecasts, and the intergovernmental panel on climate change (ipcc) assessments have strengthened the general perception that global warming is real.
- Opines that the evidence on climate change is not clear-cut. there is considerable uncertainty about the basic conclusion of a demonstrable anthropogenic "fingerprint" and the scale and timing of any warming that might take place.
- Explains that uncertainty is a serious problem in the formulation of public policy. it gives full play to those who oppose corrective action, allowing them to question the legitimacy of the forecast risks and argue that regulation may be harmful if the risks are overestimated.
- Explains that the uncertainty of climate change is not limited to the evidence on warming, as there are even greater doubts about the ecological, physical, and economic consequences of a significant change in climate.
- Opines that even if the uncertainties were less pronounced, the issue would still raise ethical questions of intra- and intergenerational equity, which are highly charged politically.
- Explains that the role of technological change in reducing greenhouse emissions is of central importance to climate change forecasts. advances in knowledge cannot be "known" in advance.
- Analyzes how the structure of government in the united states makes it harder for the country to reach closure on an issue with such major implications and levels of uncertainty than it is for any other industrial democracy.
- Opines that scientific evidence has to have a decisive impact on policy. it may be crucial in placing an issue on the political agenda, or in influencing how that issue evolves as new knowledge is acquired.
- Explains that the problem is magnified when the issue has high visibility and the economic stakes are large, as is the case with climate change.
- Argues that scientific analysis is likely to play a larger role in the executive branch than in congress because the former has formal structure for conducting analyses and determining policy choices.
- Explains that benefit-cost analysis compounds the problem of justifying current costs by means of future benefits because it discounts values that occur in the future.
- Argues that congress is in an even more politicized position because it is structurally more exposed to the interests of influential stakeholders and has no analytical capability of its own to assess the validity and implications of scientific evidence.
- Analyzes how congress's handling of the global warming issue illustrates this. the selection of witnesses is biased toward those who disavow any scientific basis for concern.
- Opines that environmentalists, manufacturing companies, and trade organizations have lobbied in favor of policy actions to limit greenhouse gas emissions, but their influence has been marginal.
- Explains that the range of policy options is further constrained by the attitudes of u.s. voters, particularly their antipathy toward additional taxes.
- Explains that the separation of powers between the executive and legislative branches, coupled with the bicameral structure of congress, complicates the negotiations necessary to reach agreement on a consequential issue like global warming.
- Explains that the clinton administration initially agreed to a cut of 7 percent in u.s. emissions by 2008-12 because it (and especially vice president al gore) had made an prior commitment that could not be disregarded without political cost.
- Analyzes the economic implications of global warming and the measures that might be taken to prevent it.
- Opines that the economic dimension of global warming is more speculative than the scientific dimension and even less amenable to convincing analysis.
- Explains that there have been attempts to analyze the economic costs of global warming and to design policies to minimize them. the likelihood of creating even a marginally satisfactory trading system is slim indeed.
- Opines that even with a strong economy and low fuel prices, neither the bush administration nor congress (nor the public) wants to adopt policies that might dampen growth when there is no evidence of an imminent ecological crisis.
- Argues that fossil fuel prices have fallen steadily in recent years due to a worldwide glut of oil and is now about what they were at the time of the oil shocks in the 1970s.
- Explains that climate change is a quintessentially global problem, and the international response to it has been astonishing.
- Explains that the kyoto protocol exempts all developing countries from binding emissions reductions. without commitments from the developing nations, opponents can easily argue that it means little and unfairly penalize u.s. companies and workers.
- Opines that the reluctance of the united states to participate in any effort in which the un and other international bodies will play a central role is disturbing.
- Argues that the kyoto protocol may be a flawed approach to the threat of global warming. they argue that by focusing attention on near-term targets, the protocol detracts from the essential task of creating institutions and policies.
- Analyzes how the media presents an issue as important to public attitudes as scientific evidence and economic analyses. the largely empty debate between climate skeptics and scientific community implies a considerable misreading of the actual situation.
- Opines that without clear-cut scientific evidence, the public cannot help but be confused. the science of climate change will not be sufficiently certain to short-circuit these divisions for many years.
- Opines that severe climatic events may lead to public acceptance of the reality of global warming whether or not those events are actually related to such warming.
- Explains that partisan politics is of central importance to the way in which science influences climate policy. the republicans in congress tend to see global warming as a democratic issue, even though it was first placed on the agenda by the previous bush administration.
- Opines that climate policy is likely to be pressed by the more conservative elements of the republican party because it offers many opportunities to exploit public opposition to new taxes and the export of jobs.
- Explains that global warming is an issue with potentially enormous environmental, political, and economic consequences that was put on the national and international agendas by scientists.
- Opines that the uncertainty does not have to be removed entirely to permit a new political consensus. continuing research on the forces at work, the indicators of climate change, and the available policy options is essential.
- Argues that the scientific community must remain objective and not slant its results according to personal prejudices.
- Opines that a growing scientific consensus will be only one factor in achieving political consensus on climate policy. a crisis that can plausibly be linked to global warming will probably be equally important.
- Opines that the research must continue and be adequately communicated to both the public and policymakers. this includes continuing study of the fundamental phenomenon of climate change and ways to reduce emissions at minimum cost.
- Opines that scientific and technological communities will provide the necessary underpinnings for policy decisions, but it is important not to assume that current research and analysis will automatically determine policy.
- Cites l. d. harvey, j. lanchbery, e. b. skolnikoff, and w. kempton.
4960 wordsRead More - Climate Changenarrative essayClimate change For years to come there will always be a speculation on whether the climate change has really taken place or not. Many believe that large companies launched this topic in order to benefit from it in profit, as there are also those who are convinced that this are consequences that have emerged from human mistakes in understanding the environment. As humans are struggling to trust one another whether it is just a big conspiracy or not or environment changing itself, we are slowly starting to feel the effects of climate change. Because of the gasses (CO2) that are in the air, atmosphere is getting warmer, thereby triggering the Greenhouse effect. Almost 70% of emitted gasses in air are CO2, which leads us to believe that this is the main cause of Global Warming.
In this essay, the author
- Explains that many believe that large companies launched this topic in order to profit from it in profit, as there are also those who are convinced that this are consequences that have emerged from human mistakes in understanding the environment.
- Explains that many companies are facing problems and trying to come up with solutions to this crisis. bp amoco has set a target on reducing greenhouse gasses.
- Lists the countries included in annex b to the kyoto protocol for the first commitment period and their emissions targets.
- Opines that companies have already started making strategies, but not because climate change is happening but because there is a possibility it can happen.
- Opines that many companies are addressing this issue by monitoring their emissions and reporting, but nobody has solutions to this problem. severn suzuki said: "if you do not know how to fix it, don't break it."
- Cites slide share's greenhouse gas emissions trading in bp amoco.
- Cites hove, s. et al (2002) climate policy 2, the oil industry and climate change: strategies and ethical dilemmas.
736 wordsRead More - Climate Change is NOT a Problemopinion essayGlobal warming and climate change in general is one of those subjects that I hold very close to my heart; not because I go around in my spare time hugging trees and gathering vegans in Toyota Priuses to form a peaceful protest against big oil, but because climate change is a subject that everyone and their mom likes to chime in on without really knowing that much about. If you even mention that term “global warming” in a group of people, even the person who you wouldn’t believe can even form a sentence has an opinion. People must feel like it makes them better than others because they can regurgitate whatever CNN and Fox tells them. I’ve done about two or three papers on climate change and global warming in my highschool career, and even though I was lucky enough to get to not talk about the subject since my freshman year, I guess this is the direction I chose to take for myself. Hopefully by the end of this I’ll convince you that there’s no reason to ever bring it up again and we’ll put the issue aside and worry about the real problems like getting the homeless jobs or deciding if we should just pass Marijuana and tax it until our economy stimulates.
In this essay, the author
- Opines that global warming and climate change in general is a subject that everyone and their mom likes to chime in on without really knowing that much about.
- Opines that greenpeace's co-founder admits that there is no specific evidence of man-made climate change.
- Explains that volcanoes have a carbon dioxide output of 200 million tons per year, which is child's play in comparison to humans.
- Opines that the alarmists want us to believe that global temperature has been steadily rising over the last few years. lupin believes that we won't have a clear and concise answer on climate change for thirty-seven years from now.
- Explains that global warming is a difficult topic to write about because you can't simply prove or disprove it.
- Opines that a harsh disbelief in something there is no true evidence about is just as daft as saying that it exists without any precedence.
- Cites the american policy round table's "arguments against global warming" and "global-warming proof is evaporating."
1447 wordsRead More - Essay On Climate Changeanalytical essayEmissions produced from human influences over the years have resulted in the climate change we are experiencing today. These realizations led to the question of whether the citizens of industrialized counties should be expected to bear higher costs of mitigating climate change than the citizens of developing countries, just because of the emissions produced by their ancestors. In this essay I will give a quick history of climate change and then proceed to discuss the reasons why I believe that the cost of mitigating climate change should be carried out by the wealthiest. I will support my opinion by explaining the view points and theories presented in particular by Caney, Jamieson, and Shue. Conluding with (blab la bla)
In this essay, the author
- Argues that the kyoto protocol on climate change is a system of 'differentiated responsibility', placing the main responsibility to reduce global emissions on developed nations.
- Analyzes how caney's idea of allocating blame for emissions is problematic for a number of reasons. he criticises the 'polluter pays' principle, arguing that the global poor would not be able to take on the added weight of dealing with climate change while focusing on health care.
- Analyzes how jamieson argues that adaptation and mitigation are both necessary, as adaptation is needed to respond to inevitable change while mitigation is necessary to prevent the change being too strong and sudden.
- Analyzes shue's theory of egalitarianism, stating that one could draw similarities between a child and their parents. if one makes messes with costs that are greater than their benefits, one is unfair.
- Explains shue's first principle of equity: when a party takes an unfair advantage of others by imposing costs without their consent, the offending party is entitled to demand equal burdens to restore equality.
- Argues that the partial destruction of the ozone layer plus initiation of global warming by industrialization equals an enriched north but not the south.
- Argues that the objection rests upon confusion between punishment and responsibility. it is not fair to punish someone for producing effects that could not have been avoided, but it is common to hold people responsible for unavoidable effects.
- Argues that the industrial states' contributions to global warming have continued unabated long since it became impossible to plead ignorance.
- Argues that fairness demands that those with less than enough for a decent human life be provided with enough. the second and third principles of equity are fundamentally the same.
- Argues that the cost of mitigating climate change should be carried out by the wealthiest.
1908 wordsRead More - Pros and Cons: Global Warmingopinion essayAlleged Global Warming has been a hot topic and been widely reported in the American media since the 1970s. In March 2014, TED, a nonprofit committed to expanding ideas with short talks, gave a powerful presentation of the alleged current consequences of Global Warming in Gavin Schmidt’s (2014) talk: The emergent patterns of climate change. His claims are stark and he implores his audience to take the grave predictions of Global Warming seriously and not just write it off as insignificant. While Google Trends (2014) shows (graph 1) that search terms for global warming in the United States (red) have decreased while worldwide (blue) interest (image 1) fluctuates with India showing the most curiosity. Yet, not everyone agrees that Global Warming is real just as not everyone agrees that cigarette smoking is hazardous to your health when scientific studies show otherwise. By defining Global Warming, giving the major arguments on both sides of the topic, and offering an overview of scientific studies, this paper will help one think critically and thoughtfully about Global Warming.
In this essay, the author
- Analyzes how ted gave a powerful presentation of the alleged current consequences of global warming in gavin schmidt’s (2014) talk: the emergent patterns of climate change.
- Explains that “the global warming” being the top search request, graphics represent a combination of all search requests.
- Explains that many government agencies as well as american universities offer definitions on global warming to define this phenomenon.
- Explains that 97 percent of climate scientists endorsed their position that the increase of warming is caused by humans.
- Opines that as fervent as scientists are about the abundance of evidence that global warming is true, opponents are just as passionate about global warming as they are against it.
- Explains that in order to assess the impact of global warming, one must believe it to be true. it would impact our emotional, physical, sociological, spiritual, and any other order in our lives now.
- Predicts that sea levels will rise, causing many impacts on coastal cities, erosion, flooding, or any array of problems where water is needed or used.
- Predicts that temperatures will increase causing extreme weather, ocean temperatures, and any array of problems where temperature is important.
- Explains that humidity could change causing summers to be unbearable even deadly and any array of other problems.
- Explains that animals could be forced to live in alternative areas and a myriad of other consequences.
- Opines that the alarm has been set and now is the time to thoroughly review all the scholarly literature to decide where you stand on this powerful issue.
920 wordsRead More - The Kyoto Protocolanalytical essayThis paper examines the Kyoto Protocol and the United States position on their participation in the Kyoto Protocol. To understand the underpinnings of the Kyoto Protocol one must agree that our planet is warming, and we (its citizens) are contributing to its warming. Any general argument about global warming has to address at least the following five questions:
In this essay, the author
- Analyzes the kyoto protocol and the united states' position on their participation in it. to understand the underpinnings of the protocol one must agree that our planet is warming and we (its citizens) are contributing to its warming.
- Asks whether global warming is occurring, whether humans are responsible for it, and what are the social, political and economic consequences of alternative courses of action.
- Opines that the arguments are the subject of intense scientific and political debate. they argue that observed climate patterns are within the bounds of normal statistical variation.
- Explains that the kyoto protocol is a treaty agreement considered the first real step toward resolving the global warming crisis.
- Argues that kyoto has the potential of rolling back the industrial revolution and outlawing the internal combustion engine.
- Explains that president clinton supported the kyoto protocol and persuaded vladimir putin to sign a joint statement of cooperation to combat global warming. the senate was republican controlled and he feared that it would not pass.
- Argues that the treaty would exclude over 130 developing nations, including china, india, mexico, and south korea, which will soon become the world's largest emitter of greenhouse gases.
- Analyzes senator hagel's argument that countries exempt from greenhouse gas reduction targets will soon produce enough gases to offset reductions in industrialized countries.
- Explains that the protocol's failure to resolve issues that were important to the u.s. included market-based approaches that would enable parties to engage in "emissions trading" and employ other flexibility mechanisms to meet their reduction commitments.
- Analyzes how president bush withdrew from the kyoto protocol, arguing that it would impose an unfair burden on a country like the united states, which depends heavily on fossil fuels.
- Explains that bush has devised his own haphazard alternative to kyoto, the "clear skies initiative." it lacks rigor and is void of demands to adhere to strict standards.
- Explains that the united states has not ratified the kyoto protocol. the copenhagen accord was a last-minute backroom deal hammered out by president obama and the leaders of china, brazil, india, and south africa.
- Explains that u.s. business attitudes toward climate change mitigation were mixed. business opposition to the treaty came under the auspices of the global climate coalition. industry voices resonated strongly in congress.
1377 wordsRead More