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The attitudes of the Nazi government about gender & sexuality to the attitudes were parallel to the idea of middle class Americans in1950’s. They both contained the concept that women actions were only for the benefit of men. After reading articles from various sources, it has been proved that both group of individuals held men up on a pedestal. The Nazi’s were quite interesting when it came down to gender relations & sexuality. They believed that the women served a completely different role than the men in society. "We do not see the woman as inferior, but as having a different mission, a different value, than that of the man. Therefore we believed the German woman, who more than any other in the world is a woman in the best sense of the …show more content…
On 12th January 1934, Wilhelm Frick ordered that the proportion of female grammar school graduates allowed to proceed to university should be no more than 10 per cent of that of the male graduates. That year, out of 10,000 girls who passed the Abitur entry examinations, only 1,500 were granted university admission. In the year before the Nazis came to power there were 18,315 women students in Germany's universities (Women in Nazi Germany). Much like the Nazi government, Americans in the 1950’s thought the same. According to an article, for one to be able to thrive being wife and having a career would be a miracle. The first reasoning for this theory was that with two spouses having careers it would cause everything such as responsibilities to pile up at home and two people would need encouragement instead of one, therefore their needs would not be alternating, but being needed to be met at the same time. Also, when house duties aren’t met, the husband will start to feel mistreated or even abused (You Can't Have a Career and Be a Good …show more content…
Another article went on to give a list of “what every woman should know” or tips on how to please a man. The article says that a woman should know that men like black satin and well cut tweeds. Additionally, that they don’t like for women to be obviously made-up and that men are enraptured by perfume so choose a perfume that fits you (What Every Woman Knows by Now).
The Nazi’s were not fond of homosexuality. During the Holocaust it was stated that the gay men were the “forgotten victims” because it is almost like they were erased from that age in history. They were not acknowledged as victims of Nazi persecution, and reparations were refused. The men that were arrested as homosexual were not shipped off to Nazi ghettos. The homosexuals weren’t even thought of as victims of Nazi persecution. Even when traced back by research their history was erased. The history of the homosexuals was obstructed by social stigmatization (Homosexual: Victims of the
Himmler thought homosexuals, just like Jews, were weak, decadent and unpatriotic. And he strongly believed their existence threatened the German folk community, mainly because they did not procreate, Himmler was in fact the one who had all German males convicted of homosexual crimes transferred from prison straight into concentration camps. That is when the badges came to action, Jews were forced to wear the yellow Star of David and homosexuals, rapists, etc were forced to wear the Pink Triangle. From 1933-1944 between 50,000 and 63,000 men were convicted on charges of homosexuality alone. By 1935 every gay German knew that if he was caught, he risked being shipped to a concentration camp. Now, gays were not as easily identified as Jews and gypsies, Many survived the Third Reich undetected.
...wise you were to bring your women into your military and into your labor force. Had we done that initially, as you did, it could well have affected the whole course of the war. We would have found out as you did, that women are equally effective, and for some skills, superior to males." (Albert Speer, head of Nazi war production)
Both the Nazi Political Movemen,t in Germany, and the post World War II/Cold War attacks on homosexuals, were driven by similar goals. The Nazi movement arose after Germany had lost World War 1 and was being restricted heavily by the Treaty of Versailles. The country faced major inflation and extremely high unemployment rates. The Nazi party came to power and targeted homosexuals in their push to cleanse the country because homosexuals could not reproduce to add more followers to their movement, and also because they were afraid that homosexuals would draw other young men from reproducing. Later in the movement, in 1936, Himmler labeled homosexuals as a threat to the German race (Plant). After that, it was not about population growth; homosexuality was seen as an active threat to the Germans. The Nazis aimed to clean up the mess Germany was experiencing after the first World War and saw homosexuality as a symptom of societal moral decay and as a threat to the growth of their movement.
With the spread of the Nazi’s “national community” or Volksgemeinschaft ideology in the 1930s, came strict definitions from the Nazi party of what it meant to be German. Opposing the independent “new women” promoted in the 1920s by the Weimar Republic, the Nazi’s idea of womanhood was centered around creating a strong nation by pushing women to be mothers and maintain the household. In this way, those mothers could raise strong soldiers that could serve and protect Nazi Germany. While in contrast, Elsa Herrmann description of a “new woman” in a 1929 book, describes a woman focused on the present and actions such as entering the workforce. Most importantly, and the main reason the Nazis rejected the image of the “new woman,” is that the “new
and was seen as the perfect role model to all German women many of the
Even under completely new circumstances, in a world reshaped by a zombie apocalypse, sexism and gender roles prevail. In the novel, World War Z, by Max Brooks, specifically the chapter “Parnell Air National Guard Base, Tennessee” highlights the main character, Christina Eliopolis, as a strong, admirable survivor of the tragic zombie apocalypse, but during her interview she is depicted as weak and discreditable due to her gender. Society’s conventional ideas of gender roles install hyper-masculine expectations towards men and in turn permits men to treat women as inferior, ultimately pitting women against each other and insecure about their gender.
What is it that makes up our identities? I mean us, not only Americans but other cultures as well, the entire world. When tracing back my family tree I learned that I am of half-German descent with a quarter French and another quarter Irish in me. I also think it is safe to say that a majority of the population reading this is of European lineage. I don’t say this to discriminate, only to be specific in the telling of my story. The story I am about to recite is about humans and about one of our basic needs for survival. Some will argue, saying that sex is not at all a basic need but let’s face it, without sex you wouldn’t be reading this intriguing article right now, and the world would be less fulfilled without the human reproduction process.
The textbook that high school students are studying in the Santa Ana School District barely emphasizes the topic of gender in Nazi Germany. Unfortunately, these high school sophomores will not be able to understand the significance of gender nor will they be able to see Nazi Germany in a different light. The authors of the textbook, however, emphasize the maternity role of the women. The Nazis dismissed women from their upper-level occupations so they could pursue the maternal role. It was the responsibility of the women to increase the birthrate of pure-blooded Aryans. Women were even offered rewards for having more children. Although the text highlights the importance of women in their household roles, it does not offer a comparison between men and women.
The background of homosexuality in the 1940’s and 50’s was harsh, but people started to be opened toward the rights. There were criticisms toward homosexuality in the early days of Milk. Gay men carried the labels of mentally ill or psychopathic. Often times, gay men committed suicide from harsh judgement and criticism that always followed them. Even though population of homosexuality grew and had jobs, they were harassed and beaten by the police. There were a lot of disapproval and hostility of homosexuality. Anita Bryant, a singer, made a campaign to oppose the rights of homosexuals. Christian forces and activists withdrew gay-right legislation which lead to Proposition 6. The harshness from background of homosexuality back in the 1940’s and 50’s took the freedom away from the homosexuals. After the harshness, there came a little bit of hope for the homosexuals in San Francisco. Castro, a city in San Francisco, became the center of gay neighborhood. In 1964, gay men formed Society of Individual Right (SIR), and 1,200 members joined. Homosexuals started having good views when Sipple who was gay saved the president from a gunshot. Finally in 1972, Board of Supervisor banned the discrimination law for homosexuals. Even though in 1940...
Throughout the beginning of the twentieth century, Germany saw a dramatic increase in female employment rates. However after 1933, during the rise of Nazi regime, new societal ideals were imposed that directly opposed this social trend. Out of fear of a decreasing population, women were usually reduced to working inside their homes, as caregivers and wives. Their main role in society was to bear and raise multiple children. To encourage this, the Nazi party created the 3 German Ks, ‘children, kitchen and church’ (Layton 71). This slogan, among other programs, were created and advertised to encourage the breeding of perfect, Aryan babies, ultimately to achieve Hitler’s ideal German race (United States Holocaust
...were mentally ill or psychotic. Frank Kameny, a leader of the gay rights movement, perpetuated the idea that “Homosexuality is not a sickness…but is merely a preference, an orientation, or propensity, on par with, and not different in kind from, heterosexuality.” (Sherry Wolf, Sexuality and Socialism) Some schools even went as far as to create public safe spaces for gay students such as Columbia University’s Student Homophile League. Now, people are well aware of the presence of the LGBTQ community, and members are even trying to educate people who seem ignorant or bigoted. Many people currently dedicate a good portion of their lives to learning and teaching people about the gay rights movement and how it functions today. The community has evolved to include transgender, asexual, pansexual, and non binary people as well as a multitude of other labels and identities.
Labor was a major part in the Nazi belief, and the work was harsh and cruel. Homosexuals were arrested and sent to camps, which in those camps were put to intense work. The ways homosexuals were put to work are carrying clay from clay pits, which had a life-changing effect for some. Carrying clay on the backs of prisoners lead to back problems, severe injuries, and even death for some. Death marches also occurred, which also caused many deaths and issues. There was a very high death toll in Nazi work camps. About 2,000 to 5,000 homosexual men died in work camps. In fact, the Nazis didn’t actually want homosexuals to die off. The whole mindset of the Nazis was that they wanted to work them because they were believed to be valuable Aryan people.
The National Socialist Party quickly turned heads in July 14th, 1933 through the Law Concerning the Formation of New Parties, by declaring itself the only political party that was "allowed to exist in the Third Reich" (156.HCCR). Soon thereafter, the political perception the Nazis were likely to enforce would transform the whole view of German culture, economy, race, and especially, the way German individuals emotionally and physically interacted with one another. One relationship in the German state that stood out in my mind was the Nazi’s view of marriage, its purpose, its use and its representation in the German state. The Nazi’s perceived marriage as a processing factory, where each partner had certain roles and purposes to fulfill. Through the creation of speeches, art and laws, the relationship that would stand to the occasion in representing the Third Reich was the relation between man and woman...marriage.
Imagine being a Jew during the Holocaust and stepping off of a cattle car after the third transfer from a concentration camp. The doors open and you look up to see a woman, and you are relieved it is not an evil male S.S. officer. Then you are in shock because you realize this woman is actually also an S.S. officer. This woman, Maria Mandel, was responsible for over 500,000 deaths at Auschwitz and was a top ranking official there (Wetherell). There is a misconception that only men carried out evil acts during the Holocaust, but this woman, Mandel, earned the nickname “The Beast.” Up until 1942, Adolf Hitler’s empire of concentration camp officers were primarily male (Riddle). That all changed in 1942 when the first female guards were assigned
Since each social phenomenon having happened or happening belongs to a certain real society, our appraisal of it should be confined to those specific social factors both superficially promoting its birth and basically undermining its development. Otherwise, our evaluation would be detached from its proper references only to become hollow and thus pointless. From this angle, the idea of feminism posed in Churchill¡¯s Top Girls is better driven home to us. Though committed to individualism, such ¡°top girls¡± as the fictitious Marlene in Britain in the late 1970s and early 1980s were essentially the trapped victims of the conflicts between certain social conditions having been established for their moving up the social ladder and the more powerful traditional gender bias having imposed so much constraint upon them. And this gender prejudice had been, in reality, enhanced by these feminists¡¯ tough reaction towards it. Therefore, girls in Britain then might reach the top of their social careers, but could hardly reach the top of individual freedom and people¡¯s esteem.