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Occupations for women in victorian era
Womens roles before industrialisation
Occupations for women in victorian era
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During this time period there was a very distinct line of gender roles. Women were viewed as homemakers, while the men were seen as the money-makers. Women did work and go to school just like men, however, women were given easy labor – front office type of work, and men took on more mighty and powerful careers. This was a drastic change in pace for women as they were forced to work hard laborious jobs during the industrialization era a few years prior to this time. Caulfield may not have wanted to accept the lifestyle that society was encouraging at that time, although, he did appear accepting of the gender roles that were being imposed. This can be seen during a date with his on-again off-again flame Sally Hayes, he attempts to pitch a juvenile idea that they do not have to live this life of conformity and they could just run away together. He makes promises that he will find work and home for them and perhaps get married. Sally points out to Holden that they are merely children and these types of acts are not possible as they need to obtain a college education before they can run off and get married. She also mentions that if Holden was unable to find a job they would starve, which implies to this author that they two of them believed heavily in the idea of the man working and the woman being dependent of the man. Other examples of gender roles can be seen throughout this novel. …show more content…
Antolini during the middle of the night, Mr. Antolini invites him over, and upon his arrival Mrs. Antolini is up from bed after an evening of entertaining and is making coffee and cakes for Mr. Antolini and
Is it possible that two completely different authors could create two identical characters? It seems so; J.D. Salinger's Holden, from Catcher in the Rye, and Ayn Rand's Equality 7-2521, in Anthem, appear to be one in the same person. To end the oppression they received for the span of their entire lives, both Holden and Equality run from their oppressors. Most importantly, neither Holden nor Equality live up to the expectations of others. Holden's personality identically reflects that of Equality 7-2521 in Ayn Rand's Anthem.
Holden Caulfield, portrayed in the J.D. Salinger novel Catcher in the Rye as an adolescent struggling to find his own identity, possesses many characteristics that easily link him to the typical teenager living today. The fact that the book was written many years ago clearly exemplifies the timeless nature of this work. Holden's actions are those that any teenager can clearly relate with. The desire for independence, the sexually related encounters, and the questioning of ones religion are issues that almost all teens have had or will have to deal with in their adolescent years. The novel and its main character's experiences can easily be related to and will forever link Holden with every member of society, because everyone in the world was or will be a teen sometime in their life.
The Catcher in the Rye by J.D Salinger is a coming-of-age novel set in New York during the 1940’s. Holden Caulfield, the protagonist of the story, is a detached seventeen-year old boy harboring feelings of isolation and disillusionment. He emphasizes a general dislike for society, referring to people as “phonies.” His lack of will to socialize prompts him to find nearly everything depressing. He’s alone most of the time and it’s apparent that he is very reclusive. This often leads him to pondering about his own death and other personal issues that plague him without immediate resolution. Holden possesses a strong deficit of affection – platonic and sexual – that hinders and cripples his views toward people, his attitude, and his ability to progressively solve his problems without inflicting pain on himself. The absence of significant figures in his life revert him to a childlike dependency and initiate his morbid fascination with sexuality. In this novel, Salinger uses Sunny, Sally Hayes, and Carl Luce to incorporate the hardships of discovering sexual identity and how these events affect adolescents as they try to understand their own sexuality.
... is trying to catch Holden in the midst of a “fall.” But Mr. Antolini “fall” describes is very different from the one Holden had imagined. Holden desires an idyllic world of childhood innocence; But Mr. Antolini describes that Holden is giving up or disengaging himself from the real world, or that he would fall in a void that removes life around him. In both these cases, we see that Holden envisions himself as the protector rather than the one to be protected. Holden is the one who really needs to be “caught”. But Mr. Antolini thinks that Holden feels disconnected from his environment, and, his assessment is accurate. Holden wants to attempt to be his own saviour, but Mr. Antolini’s imagines Holden’s falling presents in a more accurate image of what awaits Holden on the other side of the “cliff.” This thus reveals the weaknesses of Holden’s romantic outlook.
In the novel “The Catcher in the Rye”, Holden is deals with one of the largest obstacles one would ever face in one’s lifetime. He must deal with the concept of development and the idea that he’s growing up, that he’s no longer a child and must accept maturity. This internal struggle is evident in multiple aspects of this novel, particularly highlighted when Holden visits the museum and the carousel at the conclusion of the novel.
“I believe that everyone else my age is an adult whereas I am merely in disguise (Margaret Atwood).” While physical maturity is inevitable, emotional maturity is not as certain. Holden Caulfield from The Catcher in the Rye by J.D. Salinger is a distressed teenager who has been expelled from his fair share of boarding schools. He now wanders New York, trying to find his place amongst society. Since his brother's death Holden began to discover himself stuck in a perpetual state of discontent, feeling alone in his struggle to find his place in the world. Holden is no longer a child but he still doesn't fit in amongst adults as they are corrupt in the ways they live and act. Holden wishes to remain surrounded by innocence in order to avoid the
Throughout The Catcher in the Rye Holden puts himself in situations that are very stressful. His personality type puts him in these situations. Holden has trouble-making friends because he thinks almost everyone is a phony. The pressure created from not having friends and being able to be comfortable at a school forced him out of an education, “One of the biggest reasons I left Elkton Hills was because I was surrounded by phonies. That's all...For instance, they had this headmaster, Mr. Haas, that was the phoniest bastard I ever met in my life” (Salinger 13) not only did this force him out of the school but also onto the streets. The song “Under Pressure” by Queen perfectly fits the theme that the pressure Holden created on himself forced him to the edge of sanity. In the song, one of the reoccurring lines is “puts people on the streets” (Queen) referring to pressure. This song perfectly relates to this theme.
Gender Roles and Feminism in Killing a Mockingbird. When the novel, To Kill a Mockingbird, was written by Harper Lee, the Southern United States was still clinging tightly to traditional values. Southern societies pressured men to behave as gentlemen, and women were expected to be polite and wear dresses. These stringent gender roles were adhered to in small southern towns because they were isolated from the more progressive attitudes in other areas of the United States.
...ng it through Grace’s mother and Mrs. Humphrey. The novel depicts this construct of gender identity through society by molding Grace to believe women are subordinate and need to get married and be good housewives to be successful. This construct is seen through emotion as women who are emotional are seen as “abnormal” and sent to asylums, while men had to power to do so. The societal construct of gender identity was seen as men were to bask in their sexuality and be assertive, while women were to be passive and suppress their sexuality. Mrs. Humphrey challenged this construct as she was assertive and the instigator. Lastly, the societal construct of gender identity was challenged through Grace’s mother as she took over the males position of being the provider. Overall, women were looked at as subordinate to men in the Victorian age and Atwood challenged this belief.
During the Victorian Era, society had idealized expectations that all members of their culture were supposedly striving to accomplish. These conditions were partially a result of the development of middle class practices during the “industrial revolution… [which moved] men outside the home… [into] the harsh business and industrial world, [while] women were left in the relatively unvarying and sheltered environments of their homes” (Brannon 161). This division of genders created the ‘Doctrine of Two Spheres’ where men were active in the public Sphere of Influence, and women were limited to the domestic private Sphere of Influence. Both genders endured considerable pressure to conform to the idealized status of becoming either a masculine ‘English Gentleman’ or a feminine ‘True Woman’. The characteristics required women to be “passive, dependent, pure, refined, and delicate; [while] men were active, independent, coarse …strong [and intelligent]” (Brannon 162). Many children's novels utilized these gendere...
During the post war society of the 1950’s in America, uniformity and conformity were a must. Although men and women were all required to do things during WWII, after the war men and women were put into traditional roles that were reaffirmed. Not accepting these roles would make one an outcast. Society has always had certain expectations for each gender. These expectations that are set for men and women pressure them to do things that they may not be ready for.
J.D. Salinger’s most famous novel The Catcher in the Rye features a sixteen-year-old boy named Holden who is being kicked out of yet another prep school. Throughout the novel, Holden expresses his masculinity in several different ways. One of the most striking and what I believe makes the book so popular is his perpetuation of toxic masculinity. Toxic masculinity in a nutshell definition is types of masculinity that are harmful to both men and women. Toxic masculinity is a direct result of the social constructs upheld by a patriarchal society. Holden’s expression of toxic masculinity happens consistently throughout the novel but I am only going to focus on two specific instances of his behavior. The first is before he is supposed to meet with the prostitute, and the second is when he meets with Phoebe and reflects about his friend committing suicide being his favorite thing. The aforementioned instances exemplify Holden’s obsession and perpetuation of toxic masculinity.
For my Literature Circle assignment I read the novel entitled The Catcher in the Rye, written by J.D. Salinger.Taking place in the 1950's, The Catcher in the Rye is one of the most popular American books of all time, though, its hero is not really a hero at all. Main character Holden Caufield, is a 17 year old, disproved and misunderstood, classic "screw-up", who does poorly in school, loses his team's equipment, and takes an impulsive trip to New York. Distraught by the death of his 11 year old brother Allie, Holden wanders around his birthplace of New York, reconnecting with old friends and making new enemies. The main conflict of this novel is Holden transitioning into an adult and trying to cope with his brother’s death. One main theme displayed all throughout this novel would be depression. For the duration of this novel, Holden spends his time alone, and even if he is in the company of other people, you hear his thoughts of being depressed. Most of this depression is derived from his brother’s death, but there are many other things accountable for his mental issues. Although much of this novel was just Holden’s opinions and thoughts, I found this novel to be very interesting and thought provoking.
In The Catcher in the Rye, Holden Caulfield feels a compulsion to protect women over anything else. The reason for this is that Holden views women as the last innocent people left in society. J.D. Salinger makes it a point to display the powerful influences that women have had on Holden throughout his life by retelling Holden's experiences with his own mother as a younger man. These trends continue throughout the story, as the events that unfold involving Phoebe and Jane Gallagher become focal points during Holden's time in New York City. Holden's desire to protect women seems to go so far that he begins to feel immediate hostility -- hostility that may or may not be justified -- towards several male characters.
Written by J.D. Salinger in the mid-1900s, The Catcher in the Rye introduced adolescence to the literary world. The novel follows several days in the life of Holden Caulfield, a 16-year-old student who has just failed out of his fourth school. Throughout it, we see how Holden, a complicated youth, deals with the transition into adulthood. He sees the adult world as one full of what he terms “phonies.” Thus, he not only wants to refrain from becoming a part of it but he wants to stop others, especially those younger them him, from transitioning into it as well. From this, Holden fantasizes about “catching” kids as they fall into adulthood. This dream of being a “catcher” comes from a misquoted poem, the chorus of which says, “When a body meet a body coming through the rye…” Holden substitutes the word “catch” for “meet” and alters the poem’s meaning (p. 173). Throughout the novel, the idea of the “catcher in the rye” not only divides the world of children from that of adults, it also sets up a paradigm where Holden feels the need to prevent children from transitioning into the latter.