In the novel The House of Mirth, written by Edith Wharton, the protagonist Lily Bart was a 29-year-old woman who was a member of the elite society. Bart faced numerous decisions throughout her young life, many of which would have changed her path drastically if she had made a different choice. In the elite society, reputations were nearly everything. This statement was especially true for upper-class women, because “a woman’s dignity cost more to upkeep than her carriage.” (169) When accusations tarnished Lily Bart’s reputation, she lost her place among those of the elite world. Lily Bart had either the opportunity to derail the accusations before they tarnished her reputation or the opportunity to prevent the accusations from happening in …show more content…
Society expected women to be pious. If she had gone to church with him, her path to marriage would have been quick and her money troubles erased. Percy Gryce was an extremely rich young man who Lily Bart thought of as her next “prey” or her next marriage option. (17) Her intentions to get him to ask for her hand in marriage “had never been more definite.” (53) However, at the last minute, she had second thoughts because she believed that a “great deal of boredom... loomed across her path” and she decided not to go to church. (57) This was likely the beginning of Percy Gryce’s doubts about marrying her. Her decision also made it easier for Bertha Dorset to “thoroughly frighten” Gryce away from the idea of marrying her by mentioning her gambling debts. (75) The elite society expected women to marry rich men and to allow their husbands to keep them “pretty and well-dressed.” (12) The society also expected young women not to partake in gambling or risk being disgraced. (173) Eventually, Gryce married Evie Van Osburgh, another elite young woman, which ended Lily Bart’s chances with
This just proves how thoughts of class in a society significantly affects the decision of marriage in both novels. Those who are rich are more concerned with playing it safe and sticking with their own people. They often care too much about their image and it is this that results in them not being satisfied or sustained. Daisy and Lady Catherine de Bourgh, both married into their own old upper class and did not take the chance to go out of the cultural norms, resulting in them both living a boring, unsatisfied life. Money mattered, not his character. Another time class shows up is when the upper-class displays their superiority to the lower-class. In The Great Gatsby, Tom and Daisy, a wealthy couple from East Egg-the older money in society- often feel like they are better than West Egg- the lower-class people- and don’t like socializing much in their area.
He enforces his possessions and his role as a Victorian Age husband. He defies and remains blind to feminist action. He even expresses dissatisfaction to his own wife. “He thought it very discouraging that his wife, who was the sole object of his existence, evinced so little interest in things which concerned him, and valued so little his conversation.” (5) Leonce is a man who values the worth of a “perfect husband.” He provides money for Edna, departs on long trips, and on cares for his children. He favors the image of marriage far more the reality of it. He doesn’t deny what others ordain, instead he is just a player of the game. He follows along with the norms of society. In result, he finds absolutely nothing wrong with Edna’s position in society. He could not detect Edna’s urge to escape the society he encourages. For example, he refers to Edna more as an object than an individual. (5) He is blind and oblivious regarding Edna’s actions. He is a figure sought just to manipulate Edna along with the rest of society. Astonishingly, he isn’t obliviousness to the nature of society. “Why my dear, I should think you’d understand by this time that people don’t do such things; we’ve got to observe the conventions if we ever expect to get on and keep up with the procession.” (51) In one word, Leonce is a simpleton who follows under the rules established by society. He is heavily focused on
Throughout history, women conformed to societal expectations of marrying for financial security rather than pursuing a strong emotional relationship. In Zora Neale Hurston’s novel Their Eyes Were Watching God, the protagonist Janie struggles to find her autonomy through the ubiquitous scrutiny from others. While transitioning from adolescence to adulthood, Janie’s internal conflicts in self exploration heighten, forcing her to comply to other’s opinions. Once wedded to Tea Cake does Janie finally comprehend her cause of happiness: love. Through Janie’s maturation, Hurston conveys Janie’s deviation away from monetary stability as a source of happiness, but instead finds fulfillment in ardor, which reveals no amount of material wealth ensures a jubilant life.
In her biographical and analytical book about Edith Warton and The House of Mirth, titled House of Mirth: A Novel of Admonition, Linda Wagner-Martin claims that, “Male physicians became specialists in women’s mental health, as well as obstetrics and gynecology. The message was clear: everything that touched a woman’s life was in the control of the patriarchy” (Wagner-Martin 3). In The House of Mirth, Lily Bart must marry a wealthy man, and ultimately it is up to the men to decide if they want to marry her or not. Lily attempts to procure her own wealth by asking her friend, Gus Trenor, to help her get into trading, only to discover that Gus uses his own money to invest, and asserts that Lily must repay him with her attentions and affection. Had Lily been a man, she would have been free to openly discuss trading, and had been able to conduct her own deals. Selden, who believes that he loves Lily, still views her as an object and a fool. Even after her death, he judges her character when he sees that she had addressed an envelope to Gus Trenor. He came to her apartment to tell her that he loved her, but just by seeing that she had addressed a letter to Trenor before she died, he casts away his feelings and continues sorting through Lily’s things, thinking that, “after all, that task would be easier to perform, now that his personal stake in it was annulled” (Wharton
Young ladies back then had very basic education and their only job was to take care of their husband and children and hope that someday their daughters might follow in their mother 's footsteps and become the best house wife there could be. But things have changed and ladies young and old have learned to become more independent and confident in other aspects, whether it be in a relationship or just bringing food to the table, women can now hold their own ground now compared to before. Instead of having to please their husband in any way shape or form. “That’s the way men are,’ his wife said to us. She smoothed her comfortable lap. “I voted against prohibition to please him, and because i like a little beer in the house, and then he talks that way. It’s a wonder they ever find anyone to marry them,” (The wife of the man from Montana pg.92). Women had to please their husbands and agree with everything they had to say. A woman had no voice and her opinions were not valid in society. Brett symbolizes all the women in the world one way or another, everyone is shy, insecure, frustrated, and unsure. All the feelings that Brett has, a woman has been through them not because they are women but because they are human. Ladies are judged every day over the simplest things. Women have the potential to do great things but they can’t
Women “were expected to bear children, stay home, cook and clean, and take care of the children” (Cobb 29). They were expected to be weak, timid, domestic, emotional, dependent, and pure. Women were taught to be physically and emotionally inferior in addition morally superior to men. During this time, women were ostracized for expressing characteristics and wants that contradicted those ideals. For women, the areas of influence are home and children, whereas men’s sphere includes work and the outside world” (Brannon 161).
Harney is attracted to Charity and the fact he has not accomplished his goal of sex, and that make the chase all the more exciting for him. His position in society made him think of her in lesser terms and made him think of her sexually without much guilt for having no intention to marry her. The societal norms did not allow a man of Harney’s stature to marry a girl not from similar privilege. Unaware of any of the politics that surrounds Harney’s decision making Charity grows deeper in love.
In analyzing Charlotte's "strategic" and almost desperate marriage to Mr. Collins, one can see how little freedom women in this society have. Marriage is not an option; it is a necessity. Women are expected to marry while still in their late teens or early twenties to a man, preferably wealthy, and of good standing in society. If that type of marriage is not attainable, then the girl is doomed to a life of poverty and despair. Reputation and wealth are two forces that drive the Bennett family.
In the Victorian era, in New York City, men and women roles within the society were as different as night and day. A man regardless of his extra curricular activities could still maintain a very prevalent place in society. A woman’s worth was not only based family name which distinguished her class and worth, but also her profession if that was applicable.
During the Victorian Era, society had idealized expectations that all members of their culture were supposedly striving to accomplish. These conditions were partially a result of the development of middle class practices during the “industrial revolution… [which moved] men outside the home… [into] the harsh business and industrial world, [while] women were left in the relatively unvarying and sheltered environments of their homes” (Brannon 161). This division of genders created the ‘Doctrine of Two Spheres’ where men were active in the public Sphere of Influence, and women were limited to the domestic private Sphere of Influence. Both genders endured considerable pressure to conform to the idealized status of becoming either a masculine ‘English Gentleman’ or a feminine ‘True Woman’. The characteristics required women to be “passive, dependent, pure, refined, and delicate; [while] men were active, independent, coarse …strong [and intelligent]” (Brannon 162). Many children's novels utilized these gendere...
During the Victorian Age in England, individuals revealed their class and prestige by flaunting their money, yet they were only disguising their inner character with the riches. Strong relationships are a key to a fulfilled life; in Dicken's Great Expectations, the contrast of the Forge and the Satis house uncover that happiness is born through relationships with others and not through money.
The Mistreatment of Women During the Victorian Era “The day may be approaching when the whole world will recognize woman as the equal of man.” (Susan B. Anthony) The Victorian era was an extremely difficult time for women in Great Britain. They were subject to gross inequalities such as not being able to control their own earnings, education, and marriage. As well as having a lack of equality within marriage, women had poor working conditions, and an immense unemployment rate as well.
Lily Bart and her mother have been socially "ruined" in a sense because of the economic failures of their father and husband respectfully. However, Lily's mother teaches her that she can still maintain a high social status if she marries well, i.e. a rich man. In fact, Lily's mother is known for making the most out of the least as she is "famous for the unlimited effect she produced on limited means" (Wharton 48). In a society where women are considered valuable only for the appearance they present, it is impossible f...
It is apparent as to how this notion that the women of the noble class led lives of fortune. Social parties and balls were common festivities, which these women regularly attended. For many, dancing was a favorite pastime. To an outsider, it seemed that a lady of the gentry class had nothing short of an enviable existence.
Over the centuries, women’s duties or roles in the home and in the work force have arguably changed for the better. In Pride and Prejudice, Jane Austen teaches the reader about reputation and loves in the nineteenth and twenty-first centuries by showing how Elizabeth shows up in a muddy dress, declines a marriage proposal and how women have changed over time. Anything a woman does is reflected on her future and how other people look at her. When Elizabeth shows up to the Bingley’s in a muddy dress they categorize her as being low class and unfashionable. Charles Bingley, a rich attractive man, and his sister had a reputation to protect by not letting their brother marry a ‘low class girl’. Reputation even today and back in the nineteenth century is still very important aspect in culture. In the twenty-first century, women have attempted to make their lives easier by wanting to be more equal with the men in their society. Women are wanting to be the apart of the ‘bread winnings’ efforts within a family. Since evolving from the culture of the nineteenth century, women have lost a lot of family and home making traditions but women have gained equality with more rights such as voting, working, and overall equal rights. In the twenty-first century world, most women are seen for losing their morals for and manners for others. As for example in the novel when Mr. Darcy is talking badly about Elizabeth she over hears what he and his friend, Mr. Bingley, are saying about her but she does not stand up for herself.