Endometriosis Case Studies

Donegan (2012) discusses how endometriosis is diagnosed and the treatment and care measures that are taken for women with endometriosis. Neither physical examinations nor symptoms can be relied on solely to establish a diagnosis. While ultrasound scanning can be used to detect lesions and ovarian cysts, laparoscopy is the top method and most common procedure used to establish a diagnosis. Ultrasound scanning can aid in ruling out other pelvic diseases, but cannot give an absolute diagnosis of endometriosis. Laparoscopy is a minor surgical procedure done under general or local anesthesia. It is usually performed as an out-patient procedure. For detection of cysts and lesions, laparoscopy is performed by making a small incision in the navel and then inflating the abdomen with carbon dioxide. Next, a laparoscope (a long, thin instrument used for viewing) is carefully inserted into the inflated abdominal cavity. The abdomen and pelvis is then inspected for lesions and cysts.

If a woman is experiencing no to mild symptoms, only a routine examination may be required. Treatment also depends on the diagnostic findings, extent of the disease, and if pregnancy is desired. NSAIDs, oral contraceptives, and surgery are some ways in which endometriosis can be treated. NSAIDs (prostaglandin inhibitors) can help alleviate pain and stop the inflammatory process. Oral contraceptives also help alleviate pain. In addition, oral contraceptives may also stop the disease process of endometriosis because they suppress ovarian hormonal stimulation. If pharmacologic therapy does not resolve the disease, then surgical measures may be required. Laparoscopy can be used to cut diseased adhesions away from the affected