Electrical Telegraph is a device that uses electrical signals to instantaneously send and receive messages over great distances via telecommunication lines or radio. The originator of this way of communication was electromagnetic telegraph from early years of 19th century which enabled first transfer of coded messages between vast amounts of land. Electrical telegraph (most commonly called just telegraph) was first introduced by several scientists from United States and America, but most common name associated with it is Samuel Morse who won the patent rights to this device and was one of the contributors in the creation of Morse code. This new technology and Morse's coded language enabled human race to start instantly communicating with one another across continents and oceans, creating great impact into our social and economic way of life.
The early days of telegraph started in mid 1750s when scientist started exploring the properties of electricity. French scientist Jean-Antoine Nollet conducted an experiment by gathering around 200 monks in a circle. After discharging electricit...
Wireless is a methodical account of the early development of wireless telegraphy and the inventors who made it possible. Sungook Hong examines several early significant inventions, including Hertzian waves and optics, the galvanometer, transatlantic signaling, Marconi's secret-box, Fleming's air-blast key and double transformation system, Lodge's syntonic transmitter and receiver, the Edison effect, the thermionic valve, and the audion and continuous wave. Wireless fills the gap created by Hugh Aitken, who described at length the early development of wireless communication, but who did not attempt "to probe the substance and context of scientific and engineering practice in the early years of wireless" (p. x). Sungook Hong seeks to fill this gap by offering an exhaustive analysis of the theoretical and experimental engineering and scientific practices of the early days of wireless; by examining the borderland between science and technology; depicting the transformation of scientific effects into technological artifacts; and showing how the race for scientific and engineering accomplishment fuels the politic of the corporate institution. While the author succeeds in fulfilling these goals, the thesis, it seems, is to affirm Guglielmo Marconi's place in history as the father of wireless telegraphy.
The urgency of communication was never much felt until the beginning and use of telegraphy. It was much easier to transmit and receive messages over long distances that no longer needed physical transport of letters.
He used a comparison pattern to describe telegraph invention with the internet, and how was more important to invent this device similar to the internet invention. Reading through the book gives a different criterion of the implementation and evolution of the telegraph device in Europe and United States. Although Standage’s book lacks deep technical aspects, he tells the story of telegraph invention in simple and interesting chronical way. In fact, he started his first chapter by mentioning the rumors of inventing a magical device to transfer letter between people mile apart in the late of the sixteen century. By 1791 two French scientist brothers Claude and Rene Chappe invented the first version of the Telegraph. The working principle of this device was mechanical and optical, which had failed in the dark. The Chappe brothers continued their trials until 1793 they succeeded to invent the first dependable device to transmit messages over long distances. At this time, the telegraph first named tachygraph from the Greek word tachy which means fast, then they changed to telegraph. The new invention became fully operational by 1794, where it played an important role to send a report of the capture of town from the Austrians and Prussians. The success of using the telegraph in civilian and military matter encouraged Napoleon to build wider telegraph network by 1804. During the nineteen century, the telegraph machine evolved to a wider global communication network to cross the continents especially in England and the United States, where Samuel Morse developed a newer version of the telegraph by
"The Future of the Wireless Art," Wireless Telegraphy and Telephony, 1908, pg. 67–71, Nikola Tesla
Starr argues that it is the government and political decisions that mainly influence the development of the post office, telegraph, and telephone during the 19th and early 20th centuries. While accurate in some regards, this view is too narrow-sighted in that it forgets the impact that users (individuals and organizations) had on the development of the various technologies. It also overlooks the fact that the users of the systems are able to influence the government, either through voting or through lobbying, and can therefore be responsible for the very decisions that Starr attributes solely to the government. Starr is probably correct about the political origins of the post office as a technology, mainly because it is the only one of the three socio-technical systems to be owned by the federal government, though there is still an argument to be made as to whether it was purely a political decision or actually a response to the using public for the reason that the legislation passed the way it did. As for the telegraph, though Starr spends a lot of time talking about the influence of the bilateral monopoly with the Associated Press, and to a less extent the interaction with the railroads, he doesn’t seem to make the jump to actually saying that the AP and the railroads influenced the development of the telegraph from a non-political standpoint. Finally, the telephone was highly influenced by its users, both directly through the creation of the independent telephone companies and indirectly through changing government policy.
Telegraph - The telegraph brought the end to the Pony Express when the East and West coast of the US were connected in 1861, just in time for a major role in the Civil War. The military Signal Corps was first established in both the Union and the Confederacy as a tactical and strategic communication method for the armies.
“Electricity”─ It’s a word you did not hear often before the 1920’s. With the invention of the hydroelectric dam in the early 1920’s many citizens could now afford electricity in their homes. Along with that came inventions such as the telephone, revolutionizing the way that we communicated. Before the telephone, communication could only happen through mail. Depending on the situation, that could take 6-7 days. Then came inventions like the electric refrigerator, stove, iron and radio.
The telegraph was developed in the 1830’s-1840’s by Samuel Morse. The telegraph or also known as the electric telegraph, would be a tremendous help during the war it
Writers commonly follow the same styles and organizational platforms. The Great Electrical Revolution is a short story that demonstrates the effects of moving to a new country, as well as the different struggles that people are guaranteed face when doing so. In the story the main character moves to Saskatchewan for the opportunity to farm but discovers that he has agoraphobia, the fear of wide open spaces. He is forced to live in the city because of his condition, and as a result of this he picks up the hobby of stealing the city’s electricity. Whale Rider is a film that demonstrates the difficulty of being a woman and constantly failing to measure up to her elders. This film is centered around the idea of tradition: finding the next leader
The Bell Telephone company actually started with that famous telegraph wire connection where Alexander Graham Bell could be heard speaking over the wires by Dr. Watson March 10, in 1876.
Cell phones have immensely changed the way people communicate today. A cell phone can be all a person need for interaction. From a cell phone, a person can make calls, send text messages, emails, and send and also receive directions, buy things online, do online banking, listen to music and much more. Since someone can do everything with one device, there is no longer a need to go around with multiple devices about. Greek hydraulic semaphore systems were used as early as the 4th century. The hydraulic semaphores, which functioned with water filled containers and visual signals, functioned as optical telegraphs. However, they could only apply a very limited range of pre-determined messages, and as with all such visual telegraphs could only be deployed during good visibility conditions. Experiments on communication using electricity was carried out in 1729 but was not successful. The experiment was proposed by William Fothergill Cooke. In 1837, William invented a practical electric telegraph which entered commercial use in 1838 (J. B. Calvert, May 2004). The first telephone was invented in 1878 by Alexander Graham Bell. He experimented with a ‘phonautograph’, it is a machine shaped like a pen that can draw shapes of sound waves on smoked glass by tracing vibrations.
On March 10th, 1876, a revolutionary invention was created by Alexander Graham Bell. The telephone was invented to send vibrations from one receiver to another electrically (History.com ‘Speech Transmitted by Telephone’ accessed on March 11, 2014), and due to Alexander Graham Bell accidentally discovering that he could hear the sound of a ‘clock spring twanging’ (Marry Bellis, ‘The History of the Telephone’ accessed on March 11, 2014), that was possible. The invention of the telephone permitted new levels of communication, allowed families connect around the world, and improved military systems, but also served negative consequences, such as breached privacy. If two people wanted to have a conversation, they would have to write letters back and forth, but with the telephone they were able to pick up the receiver, dial the number, and be connected in a matter of minutes. Telephones enabled long-distance communication, which allowed families to converse despite their location. Military officials and soldiers were also able to stay in touch through field telephones as well as keep contact with the president. Although telephones were originally placed in general stores or other major city locations and homes/neighborhoods that were wired (Elon.edu ‘World Changes Due to the Telephone’ accessed on April 2, 2014), telephones became commonly used in homes in the early twentieth century when telephones began to connect internationally.
By the time the 20th century arrived, vacuum tubes were invented that could transmit weak electrical signals which led to the formation of electromagnetic waves that led to the invention of the radio broadcast system (750). These vacuum tubes were discovered to be able to transmit currents through solid material, which led to the creation of transistors in the 1960’s (750).
Humans these days take electricity for granted. We don’t truly understand what life was like without it. Most young adults will tell you their life does not depend on electricity, but they aren’t fooling anyone. They all know that their life depends on electricity; whether it’s television, their phone, Google, or the lights in their house. We need to stop taking those things for granted and give credit where credit is due. That is why I chose to write about the scientists who contributed to the discovery of electricity, which then helped modern scientists fuel the electricity phenomenons we now have today.
Others work in design, construction, research, and teaching. They work with others on projects and may be assisted by civil engineering technicians and technologists. Various levels of government employ civil engineers to do many of the same things done in private industry, except that the government-employed civil engineers may also inspect projects to be sure that they comply with regulations. Civil engineers generally work indoors in offices. However, they sometimes spend time outdoors at construction sites so they can monitor operations or solve problems at the site. Occasionally, civil engineers travel abroad to work on large engineering projects in other countries.