Determining the Concentration of a Limewater Solution Introduction Previous to conducting my experiment, research was carried out and the results of it adapted to aid me in solving the problem set. In the Advanced Chemistry Student’s Book by Nuffield, on page 86, I found a similar experiment to mine with a description of implementation, which aided me in the fact that I discovered the temperature of my solution did not need to be taken. This was because the solution of calcium hydroxide they used was saturated, and therefore they measured the temperature of the saturated solution along with its solubility, due to the fact that the solubility of saturated substances varies with temperature. This procedure will not be necessary in my particular experiment as the solution I will use will be far from saturated. Safety measures were observed and taken into account by looking at the hazard card for calcium hydroxide. I found the substance to have minimal hazards, especially when diluted in a non-saturated solution, and thus concluded the only precaution needed to be taken was to wear eye protection during handling of the solution. Lime water is a solution of calcium hydroxide (Ca (OH) 2) in water. Hydrochloric acid (HCl) reacts with calcium hydroxide to give calcium chloride (CaCl2). This reaction is given by the equation; 2HCl (aq) + Ca (OH) 2(aq) à CaCl2 (aq) + 2H2O (l) Prior to beginning the experiment I will choose an indicator to use when determining the exact point at which the limewater is neutralised. The colour change of an indicator is due to the change of one coloured form to another. Near the end point, both colou... ... middle of paper ... ...used using the equation: No. of moles (mol) = Concentration (mol dm-3) x Volume (dm3 Therefore 0.01 x 0.02425 = 0.0002425mol. To work out the number of moles of limewater used, the ratio of limewater to hydrochloric acid is 1:2, therefore 0.0002425/2 = 0.00012125. To work out the concentration of the limewater this figure is divided by the volume of limewater used using the equation: Concentration (mol dm-3) = No. of moles (mol) / Volume (dm3). Therefore 0.00012125/0.025 = 0.00485. To work out the concentration in g dm-3 we must first obtain the molar mass of calcium hydroxide which is 74.1. Using the equation: Mass (g) = Number of moles (mol) x Molar mass Therefore 0.00485 x 74.1 = 0.359385gdm-3. This being only accurate to approximately 0.36gdm3 due to the limited precision of the apparatus used.
The purpose for this experiment was to determine why it was not possible to obtain a high percent yield when Calcium Nitrate Ca(〖NO_3)〗_2 with a concentration of 0.101 M was mixed with Potassium Iodate KIO_3 with concentration of 0.100 M at varying volumes yielding Calcium Iodate precipitate and Potassium Nitrate. Filtration was used to filter the precipitates of the solutions. The percent yield for solution 1 was 87.7%, and the percent yield for solution 2 was 70.8%. It was not possible to obtain a high percent yield because Calcium Iodate is not completely soluble and some of the precipitates might have been rinsed back to the filtrates when ethanol was used to remove water molecules in the precipitate.
taken into account. It is also best to make sure you are working in a
This lab contains two different procedures to titrating vinegar. One procedure uses phenolphthalein while the other uses a pH meter. Bothe procedures can be found on “An Analysis of a Household Acid: Titrating Vinegar” by the Department of Chemistry at APSU.
Apparatus: * 1 measuring cylinder * 1 test tube * 1 stop clock * A large gelatine cube containing indicator and NaOH * Hydrochloric acid ranging from 1-3 molars * A scalpel Diagram: Method: * Take the large gelatine cube and cut into 15 equal pieces * Place on piece of the cube into the test tube * Measure out 10mls of HCl in the measuring cylinder * Pour the HCl into the test tube with the gelatine cube and start the clock * Time how long it takes for the pink colour inside the gelatine cube to completely disappear * You will also notice that the cube dissolves slightly * Record your results and repeat this same process 3 times for each molar of acid: § 1 molar § 1.5 molar § 2 molar
In my experiment, I will use an overall volume of 50 cm³ of 2moles of
H = -443.08 This value is for 2.51g of calcium carbonate, not 100.1g, which is its molecular weight. Therefore: H =
Once the mixture had been completely dissolved, the solution was transferred to a separatory funnel. The solution was then extracted twice using 5.0 mL of 1 M
Determining the Concentration Of Limewater Solution Aim: The aim of this experiment is it to find out the concentration of Limewater by performing a titration with hydrochloric acid which has concentration exactly 2.00M.. What is required for me is that I have to design my own experiment and chose the right and appropriate apparatus and equipment. I will be provided with 250cm3 of limewater, which has been made to which contains approximately 1g/dm3 of calcium Hydroxide. This hypothesis from www.studentcentral.co.uk We were also give Hydrochloric acid (HCl) with a concentration of 2.00 mol/dm3 normal laboratory apparatus was also given and so was an indicator.
Compared to the 0.5 M hydrochloric acid that was less concentrated, the more concentrated 2 M hydrochloric acid c...
The amount of hydrochloric acid. 3. The concentration of the hydrochloric acid. 4. The surface area of the calcium carbonate.
Moles Volume HCl Volume Water 2 M 10 cm 3 0 cm 3 1.5 M 7.5 cm 3 2.5 cm 3 1 M 5 cm 3 5 cm 3 0.5 M 2.5 cm 3 7.5 cm 3
the left so that the concentration of H is more than Me and so the
For the solid sodium chloride, using distilled water will make it an aqueous solution. Just like before using red and blue litmus paper will only indicate that the sodium chloride is neutral. The same can be done for sodium carbonate since it is soluble in distilled water, making it easy to determine whether it is an acid or base when using litmus paper. In this case, sodium carbonate is a base so red litmus paper will turn blue when the solution of sodium carbonate is dripped on to it.
6. I then rinsed out the beaker and glass rod into the flask to make
The purpose of this experiment is to use our knowledge from previous experiments to determine the exact concentration of a 0.1M sodium hydroxide solution by titration (Lab Guide pg.141).