Zambia is a landlocked country in south-central Africa with a surface area of 752,600 square kilometers, which is slightly larger than Texas (10). Zambia is the continents biggest copper manufacturer and is the site to one of the Seven Natural Wonders of the World, Victoria Falls (3). So, why is this country on the list of least developed countries? “Social conditions are tough. Poverty is widespread. Life expectancy is among the lowest in the world and the death rate is one of the highest - largely due to the prevalence of HIV/Aids” (3)
Political History/Role in Colonialism/Current Political System:
Since the migration of tribes to Zambia in the 12th century, the land was unvisited by Europeans for many centuries, except for Portuguese explorers in the late 1700s. A British missionary, David Livingstone was the first European to explore the land in 1851. Four years later, he discovered the waterfalls of the Zambezi River and named them Victoria Falls after Queen Victoria. In 1889, the area was colonized by the British and was known as Northern Rhodesia. “Cecil John Rhodes organized British commercial and political interests in East and Central Africa, where he obtained mineral rights concession from local chiefs. This proved to be the first step towards annexation of the area and the extension of British control over it” (14). Cooper is one of Zambia’s biggest assets and it was discovered in the late 1920s. This finding prompted the movement of European miners and technicians. After a decade, around 4,000 European workers and about 20,000 African laborers worked in the “Copper belt”. Zambia produced 13% of world's copper by 1938 (15). In 1960, Kenneth Kaunda formed the UNIP (United National Independence Party) (13). An articl...
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...nd financial corruption (17). Some of the difficulties are even starting within the local market. There is a lack of raw materials inside the local market, which then causes needs of importation. Advances in technology have been made in terms of communication, emails, and business to business and business to customer interaction worldwide. Nonetheless, the local market is still being held back because of the high cost of fuel, electricity, and transport. “Given this scenario, production costs have remained high, thereby increasing the end product costs and reducing the demand for the locally manufactured products” (6). Unemployment is another factor. This means income is insufficient, which negatively affects living conditions and consequently health of the citizens. The infection rate of HIV-AIDS is 16% and citizens are only expected to live to 40 years old (17).
Have you ever pondered the idea of another nation ruling? This was the question that many Africans had to wonder under European rule. What was the driving force behind imperialism in Africa? What three major reasons did european countries become interested in Africa?
Until well into the 1800’s Africa was relatively unknown to Europeans. They controlled less than ten percent of the continent. By 1882 Britain, Germany, Italy, Portugal, and Spain were all claiming parts of Africa. In 1900, they had divided ninety percent of Africa into colonies. Although European ships had for centuries traded at ports along the coast, they brought back little knowledge of Africa’s interior. Later Europeans started exploring the continent. The best known of these explorers was David Livingstone. This Scottish missionary spent thirty years in central Africa, and gave Europeans their first detailed information about Africa and its people.
Dr. David Livingstone donated thirty years of his life to the people and wilds of the African interior; in doing so Livingstone inspired such love and affection in the hearts closest to him upon his death, Chuma and Susi embarked on a thousand mile journey to deliver his earthly remains and his final journal to the coast of Africa, where his remains were transported to Britain for burial; even though he portrayed the typical English worldview of the Colonial period: Africans needed English guidance and purpose to be a civilized people. Dr. Livingstone saw the need for trade, Christianity, British control and abolishment of slavery without recognizing the existence of cosmopolitan societies; while Professor Trevor Getz’s book COMOSPOLITAN AFRICA c. 1700-1875 explained the existence of cosmopolitan societies thriving and growing in Africa before and without the influx of Europeans and the onslaught of worldwide slavery from the African continent providing proof of Dr. Livingstone’s narrow worldview as stated in the scope of the assignment.
Despite its economic progress, Uganda is still one of the least developed countries in the world. From the latest report from the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD), Uganda has once again been listed among some of the least developed countries in the world. A per capita income of under US$170 makes Uganda today is one of the poorest countries in the world much like many of its neighboring African countries. It is a living testament today of the havoc caused by the political turmoil and economic decline brought about by insurmountable economic, political and social problems of the past several decades.
INTRODUCTION Colonization can be understood as the policy of acquiring or settling in a new country but remaining under the rule of homeland or home country. Colonial rule in Uganda addresses the settlement of the British in Uganda, acquiring it as a colony but remaining under the rule of Britain. It further addresses the reasons why British colonized Uganda, the measures used to administer colonization as well as the effects that resulted from colonization. Colonization in Uganda The process of colonization in Uganda by the British started during the reign of Kabaka Mutesa of Buganda from 1856-1884.
Colonialism has plagued indigenous people worldwide and has spelled disaster for countless cultures, languages, and traditions. Over the past 500 years there have been different phases of colonization in Africa as well as other various parts of earth. There were many reasons behind exploration and colonization including economic and tactical reasons, religion, and prestige. Colonialism has shaped the contemporary understanding of individuals from Niger as well as other parts of Africa and other places too, like the Chambri and Tlingit people; mainly in economics. Because of the colonial past of so many cultures, numerous indigenous people today face many issues. Today colonialism is still active, known as Neocolonialism, which has devastating effects on global cultural groups.
Throughout history, imperialism has led countries to extend their rule over weaker countries and then colonized those countries to expand their own power. Imperialism allows the ruling countries to use the weaker countries for their resources. Colonizing other countries would then lead to growth and a better reputation for the dominating country. There are many examples of imperialism throughout European history. When many European countries “scrambled” for Africa, it seemed as though Africa had no say in anything. During the 19th century, Europe found a way to use Africa for their own growth and power. Using Africa for their resources, the Europeans colonized Africa without a second thought. European imperialism in Africa had a negative impact because of social disarray, cultural loss, and death it caused.
Before the arrival of the British, native African tribes called the Shona and Ndebele populated Zimbabwe. In 1888, colonist Cecil Rhodes came to the region and purchased mining rights from the Ndebele people. By 1898, the region became known as Southern Rhodesia in honor of Cecil Rhodes and a British sphere of influence. The colony gained self from the British in 1922 but remained apart of the British Empire for another thirty years.
The Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) is a country in Sub Saharan Africa, that was colonized by Belgium. Historians believe that Pygmies were the first people to live in the DRC. West Bantu people started a migration movement, following the major rivers and moving south. Moving south allows the Bantu people to be closer to the rainforest and have more access to food and water. As the Bantu people migrated to other places throughout the region they also, started to develop a new language around 900 BCE.
Introduction: There are a lot of reasons given to as to why the Democratic Republic of Congo remains a conflict inflicted and divided country to this day. Some argue that the DRC’s conflicts are direct results of cruel and unjust practices carried out by their Belgium colonizers (Achberger, n.d.). Others contend that the DRC, like several other African nations, are the victims of exploitation carried out by their very own government (Smith, 2010). There are also those who claim that the DRC remains in a cycle of conflict because of a recipe of colonialism, slavery, and corruption rather than one exclusively (Snow, 2013). Though many arguments exist as to why conflicts are still prevalent in the DRC, few would point to foreign aid as another potential agitator of the various conflicts.
Poverty has been an issue for a long time and every country is affected by it in some way and some countries are worse off than others. The countries most affected by poverty are Niger, Ethiopia, Zimbabwe, Afghanistan, Uganda, Haiti and many other countries (Infoplease).The total percentage of world population that lives on less than $2.50 a day is that of around 50%. The definition of poverty is “The state or condition of having little or no money, goods, or means of support; condition of being poor.” (Dictionary). There are countless causes of poverty in under-developed countries, such as overpopulation, disease, and how the government distributes its wealth.
About 27 per cent of all rural people – some 8 million men, women and children – still live below the national rural poverty line in Uganda. Uganda 's poorest people include hundreds of thousands of smallholder farmers living in remote areas scattered throughout the country. The poorest areas of the country are in the north, where poverty incidence is consistently above 40 per cent and exceeds 60 per cent in many districts. The vast majority of Uganda 's poor rural people live in fragile, dry and sub-humid regions where the variability of rainfall and soil fertility means that farming presents a challenge. Uganda is a source, transit, and destination country for men, women, and children subjected to forced labor and sex trafficking. Ugandan
This is a paper about the development in Botswana. Thus it is going to start by looking at the country’s history. The countries history will bring a better view or better understanding of the countries development process taken. However it is also going to talk about the development policies that were enforced by the colonial government. Contradicting with the colonial rule, the paper will also look at the policies that were enforced or came with the independence government.
That means that the countries make less money and the people in those countries have little money to spend on health, education, food and luxuries. People in these countries often grow their own food to feed themselves and their families. This means that lots of people in less economically developed countries are farmers. [IMAGE] Why Are Some Countries So Poor There are lots of reasons why some countries like Africaand the Indian sub continent are so poor.
An overwhelming majority of African nations has reclaimed their independence from their European mother countries. This did not stop the Europeans from leaving a permanent mark on the continent however. European colonialism has shaped modern-day Africa, a considerable amount for the worse, but also some for the better. Including these positive and negative effects, colonialism has also touched much of Africa’s history and culture especially in recent years.