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What are the economic impacts of colonialism
General impact of colonialism
General impact of colonialism
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INTRODUCTION
Colonization can be understood as the policy of acquiring or settling in a new country but remaining under the rule of homeland or home country. Colonial rule in Uganda addresses the settlement of the British in Uganda, acquiring it as a colony but remaining under the rule of Britain. It further addresses the reasons why British colonized Uganda, the measures used to administer colonization as well as the effects that resulted from colonization.
Colonization in Uganda
The process of colonization in Uganda by the British started during the reign of Kabaka Mutesa of Buganda from 1856-1884. Uganda was claimed as a British Protectorate in 1894-1962.
Full administration of Uganda as a colony was complete after signing of the 1900
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Apolo Kagwa, still in his twenties was from early recognized as the leader of the protestant faction. The Muslims were in ascendancy in the early part of the war and Kagwa and other protestants spent some time in exile in the neighbouring kingdom of Ankole. King Mwanga temporarily deposed was restored in 1890 with the assistance of the protestants and Kagwa was named Katikiro who was the prime minister. King Mwanga again was deposd 1897 when he rejected the British rule and led unsuccessful fight for independence. An infant Daudi Chwa was named king with Kagwa as one of three regents. Kagwa was one of the negotiators of the Uganda agreement by which Buganda became a British protectorate with limited internal …show more content…
construction of the Kenya-Uganda railway.
There was introduction of formal education to Africans.
There was massive economic growth which included rail, roads, dams, telephones and telegraph lines which were built by Europeans.
Negative results to Uganda
There was massive erosion o African culture. Europeans came up with made Africans abandon their culture.
Alienation of land. Africans lost land which was taken away by the colonialists to do farming.
The British colonization helped the Bugandans but it angered Bunyoro. This sub imperialism and Ganda cultural chauvinism were resented by the people being administered.
Colonization of the British later spawned many political disputes among Ugandans such as riots of the Young Baganda Association.
CONCLUSION
The Europeans enlightened the Ugandan people during their stay in Uganda by providing western civilization. The British also promoted Ugandan’s economy by introducing cash crop growing and infrastructure. However, post-colonial Uganda is still undergoing problems related to colonization like neocolization; where by Uganda is still dependent to the British even after
According to Flint, marks a new direction in colonial policy, with ‘self-government’ becoming a paramount concern [9] R Pearce, P 79 [10] R Pearce, P 80 [11] R Pearce, P 80 [12] R Pearce, P 84 [13] Founder of the National Council of Nigeria and the Cameroon’s. [14] T Falola & A. D. Roberts, West Africa, Oxford History of British Empire, 20th Century, P 524
When the Age of Imperialism began in 1875, it effected Africa in many ways. Nowhere was the competition for colonies more intense than in Africa. Europeans went after North and South Africa splitting up the continent. Egypt and Sudan were taken over by Britain to obtain the Suez Canal. Imperialism helped to develop Africa’s economy and turned it into a continent of colonies.
"Uganda - African Economic Outlook." African Economic Outlook - Measuring the Pulse of Africa. 06 Nov. 2011. Web. 12 Dec. 2011. .
Imperialism in Africa took root in the late 19th century when European nations divided up the continent for their own benefit. Each nation practiced a certain type of rule over the Africans of which they conquered. For example, the Germans, the Dutch, and the French used the practice of Direct Rule over their colonies in Africa. This system is characterized by the colonizers need for the colonized to become assimilated into their culture. The purpose of this was to make the African people “civilized” and act like Europeans. The governing administrations forced on the native inhabitants by the colonial power were meant to undermine those institutions set in place by the indigenous people. By taking over the community’s government on all levels,
Most of the missionaries introduced education in Africa by establishing mission schools to educate the local people and helped them to learn more about their land and culture . The Europeans defended the Africans against their enemies or gave them weaponds to enable them to defend themselves whenever they were attacked by their enemies and this made some of the Africans feel safer . The Europeans brought new technology to Africa ; they were provided with tools for farming and introduced new crops like maize and manioc from the New World . They built more infrastructures like medical facilities , transport and communication network , schools and established plantations for the growing of cash crops like coco , coffee , tea , rubber and cotton . Many African learned languages of their colonial master like English , French and Portuguese which has given them more advantages to be able to communicate in the present globalized world without any difficulties .
The results of European colonialism shows that the aim of colonialism is to exploit the human and economic resources of an area to benefit the colonizing nation. As a result, the nation that is colonized is affected negatively. In reality, how Europe really affected Africa as a whole is much
Having said that, many Ugandans would today accept that their country had at some stage to be brought into contact with the modern world, and even that they were comparatively lucky in being colonised by the British rather than by, for instance, the Belgians whose brutal rule in the Congo was far crueller than that of the British Protectorate in Uganda. Moreover, the fact that the arrival of the British in Uganda was not accompanied by the theft of African land for white farmers - as it was in Zimbabwe or Kenya - meant that some of the bitterness and resentment felt about European rule in some African countries was not a feature in Uganda. So race relations, even today, are more relaxed in Uganda than in many parts of the Continent.
Colonialism has plagued indigenous people worldwide and has spelled disaster for countless cultures, languages, and traditions. Over the past 500 years there have been different phases of colonization in Africa as well as other various parts of earth. There were many reasons behind exploration and colonization including economic and tactical reasons, religion, and prestige. Colonialism has shaped the contemporary understanding of individuals from Niger as well as other parts of Africa and other places too, like the Chambri and Tlingit people; mainly in economics. Because of the colonial past of so many cultures, numerous indigenous people today face many issues.
“The sun never sets on the British Empire,” Great Britain often bragged. By 1914, about 85% of the earth’s surface was colonized by Europe. Between 1884 and 1885, The Berlin Conference took place to carve up the African continent (Background Essay). Europeans saw high potential in Africa and thought the continent was empty, even though it was not. It was roughly “untouched” and they thought they could do anything they wanted (Doc.1). Great Britain’s colonization in Kenya affected the country’s religion and culture, education, and government.
During the 19th century, Europe found a way to use Africa for its own growth and power. Using Africa for their resources, the Europeans colonized Africa without a second thought. European imperialism in Africa had a negative impact because of social disarray, cultural loss, and death it caused. As the Europeans started to invade Africa and split up the land, they paid no attention to the already existing natural boundaries. Over time, villages with different cultures had set these boundaries.
In terms of political changes, European imperialism negatively affected Africa. Firstly, European colonization created enormous conflict between colonists and the African people. African resistance to “The Scramble for Africa” lead to the instability of Africa’s political structure. There was ineffective resistance of the African people against the Europeans. In an attempt to regain their independence, Africans took up arms against their colonial masters as soon as they perceived them to be at a disadvantage. In southern Africa, in The Republic of Namibia, the Herero people rose against German rule in 1904, killing over 100 German settlers and traders. German commander, General von Trotha, retaliated with a war aimed simply at extermination. This resulted in the decline of 70% of the Herero population.1 Nowhere else was colonialism quite so brutal, but almost everywhere it tended towards unrestrained brutality as soon as it was challenged.2 Warfare created considerable unrest among African people. Afterwards, the people of Africa came to the realization that the consequences of resistance against European colonists could be devastating. As well, the Europeans demonstrated that they had the technology and resources to gain control. Secondly, colonial expansion changed the face of Africa’s political structure. The Berlin Conference of 1884-85, attended by 13 European nations and the USA, set the ground rules for partition of Africa. When the conferenc...
Africa has had a long and tumultuous road of colonization and decolonization the rush to colonize Africa started in the 17th century with the discovery of the vast amounts of gold, diamonds, and rubber with colonization hitting a fever pitch during World War I. However, the repercussions of colonization have left deep wounds that still remain unhealed in the 21st century. Early on, European nations such as Britain, Portugal, Spain, Italy, Germany and Belgium scrambled for territories. Countries wanted land so they could harvest the resources, increase trade, and gain power. The European colonization of Africa brought racism, civil unrest, and insatiable greed; all of which have had lasting impacts on Africa.
The ways of the Europeans had many physical and emotional costs for the people of Africa. The imperialism process also took a toll on the people of Europe. The European imperialistic colonization in Africa was motivated by the desire to control the abundant natural resources and a desire to exploit new labor and markets.... ... middle of paper ...
Colonialism was a concept of superiority of one territory over another; it was a concept that originated centuries ago. Colonialism had been put into action throughout a long line of history and did not end after World War II in 1945. Even with resistance and efforts from independent states after the war, colonialism did not disappear and continued as a dominant system. It remained and changed its form, resulted in the process of globalization, which continued to control over newly independent states following World War II. Globalization, a form of colonialism, maintained power for the system over states or regions through economic terms with the development of the World Bank, and its derivation of structural adjustments. This financial institution was formed and contributed to colonialism; it assisted in the economic affairs of colonized nation(s). Along with class, professor Manfred B. Steger's book, Globalization: A Very Short Introduction, and I.B. Logan and Kidane Mengisteab's article, "IMF – World Bank Adjustment and Structural Transformation in Sub-Saharan Africa," discussed the indirect rule of colonial powers through globalization.
There is no doubt that European colonialism has left a grave impact on Africa. Many of Africa’s current and recent issues can trace their roots back to the poor decisions made during the European colonial era. Some good has resulted however, like modern medicine, education, and infrastructure. Africa’s history and culture have also been transformed. It will take many years for the scars left by colonization to fade, but some things may never truly disappear. The fate of the continent may be unclear, but its past provides us with information on why the present is the way it is.