To identify a white powder that is containing at least 80% of purity of Cocaine, a forensic drug chemist would utilize some of the following techniques such as the Color test, Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (GS/MS), Microcrystalline test, Chromatography test combined. This may seem like a large amount of tests to perform at once to identify the white powder and the percentage of purity. This process works for the forensic scientists that need to analyze the powder to the best of their ability. A Forensic Scientist cannot complete only one test to identify the cocaine’s purity but with conducting a series of tests it can result in a qualitative and quantitative analysis. The color and GS/MS test are utilized to identify the white powder. Why should they use two of the basically same tests? This is done to back up their initial findings on the first outcome and can be verified by other to receive the same outcome. The arresting officer will usually administer the first test known as the color test or field test. Another name for the Color test is the Scott test. “The Scott test is a color test for cocaine. A powder containing cocaine turns solution …show more content…
The next test, Microcrystalline, that will be performed is the microcrystalline test to confirm the color test findings. The Microcrystalline test requires the Forensic Chemist to drop a chemical reagent onto the powder that is being questioned at this time on a microscope slide. When a little amount of time has passed the chemist will look through a microscope to observe the regents chemical reaction. This chemical reaction will produce a “crystalline precipitate” (Saferstein, 2013). The shape and size of the crystals are highly likely to give the characteristics of the drug when observed through a microscope (Saferstein, 2013). If this test is conducted correctly it will identify one single substance or drug confirming the qualitative
The purpose of the Unknown White Compound Lab was to identify the unknown compound by performing several experiments. Conducting a solubility test, flame test, pH paper test, ion test, pH probe test, conductivity probe test, and synthesizing the compound will accurately identified the unknown compound. In order to narrow down the possible compounds, the solubility test was used to determine that the compound was soluble in water. Next, the flame test was used to compare the unknown compound to other known compounds such as potassium chloride, sodium chloride, and calcium carbonate. The flame test concluded that the cation in the unknown compound was potassium. Following, pH paper was used to determine the compound to be neutral and slightly
Hypothesis: If the mystery powder is compared with the five known compounds, the mystery powder should match the one with the same physical and chemical properties. Also their reaction with water, universal indicator, vinegar and Iodine solution should match if an accurate experiment is conducted.
The purpose of conducting experiment was to determine the identity of white compound. Based on the 5 gram of unknown white compound several experiment conducted including solubility test, pH test, flame test, and ion test. Several materials including chemicals used throughout experiment and will be described through paragraphs.
The analysis of the samples should be used only to confirm or negate match between the sample taken from the crime scene fgand the sample taken from the suspect. That is, it should sdfremain as an identifgication tool only. There should be no further analysis of the DNA to suggest psychological characteristics that would make the suspect more likely to have cdfommitted the crime. This rule should apply also to samples taken from convicted dfdoffenders for a data vor dagta bank.
The lab experiment did prove that Crayola colors are not of pure substances but rather a mixture of specific color compounds needed to produce said colors. The experiment also proved that different color pigments have different densities (the lighter ones moved up the filter paper with the water, while the heavier ones adhered to the filter paper longer.)
A toxicologist is charged with the responsibility for identifying and detecting the presence of poisons and drugs in
This form of testing is used for determining if an individual is inebriated or not. James and Nordby (2009) stated that an equilibrium exists between alcohol in the bloodstream and alcohol in the lung such that, on average, the concentration of blood alcohol is 2100 times greater than the concentration of breath alcohol (p. 63). Since this equilibrium exists, one can measure the breath alcohol and infer the corresponding alcohol concentration in the bloodstream (James & Nordby, 2009 p. 63). An advantage of this form of testing is that it can be conducted without drawing a blood sample and testing it. This allows personnel such as police officers to test individuals on the spot versus having to take someone in and draw a blood sample and wait for results to come
The conical vial was placed in a small beaker and allowed to cool to room temperature. The mixture was Cooled thoroughly in an ice bath for 15-20 minutes and crystals collected by vacuum filtration on a Hirsch funnel. The vial was rinsed with about 5 mL of ice water and transferred into to the Hirsch funnel and again washed with two additional 5mL portions of ice water. Crystals were dried for 5-10 minutes by allowing air to be drawn through them while they remained on the Hirsch funnel. The product was transferred to a watch glass plate and allow the crystals to dry in air. Crude acetaminophen product was weighed and set aside a small sample for a melting point determination and a color comparison after the next step. Calculation of the percentage yield of crude acetaminophen (MW = 151.2). was done and recorded in the lab notebook.
== Refer to, Chemistry Lab #1 – What’s the substance? However, I changed some of procedures during my experiment, here is the changes I made in this experiment: * I only used the toothpick to place a small amount of each sample on a separate piece of paper, instead of the spatula.
Four solutions were tested an out of the four only one had a color change, meaning that it had alcohol present. This solution was methanol and of course it would produce a color change because methanol is an alcohol. One solution that should have changed color was solution 4, the base-hydrolyzed aspartame, but it did not produce a color change when aqueous ceric ammonium nitrate reagent. Water and fresh aqueous aspartame are not going to produce a color change because there is no alcohol group in there structure.
To get accurate results the test must be done in a viewing booth that administers natural daylight as closely as possible . Also the disks must be replaced every two years to prevent loss of color saturation that could affect outcomes. On the bottom of each disk is a number to help the doctor score the results of the person being tested. The test can either tell if the participant is color blind or not
The examiners will also initially identify the class characteristics of the ammunition to figure out what caliber and shot pattern is dispersed by the firearm. That will then lead to examining the projectile and cartridge evidence by firing into a special water tank and cross examining the new standards to the crime scene standards. These standards are viewed side by side under a powerful macroscope to compare the unique markings to make a match. Gunpowder and primer residues can be tested from a suspects hand to determine if a firearm was recently used. Firearms identification can be a very complex scientific process that can be the key to solving a major crime for law enforcement.
When a suspect’s weapon is examined in the lab, it will be test fired into a box filled with cotton or a tank of water to provide the examiner with the bullets and cartridges with a known history. Using a microscope, the known cartridges are compared with the ones in question. With some patience, skill, and a little luck, experts can definitively say that a certain firearm and no other fired this bullet, or ejected this cartridge.
Drug testing can be a scary process, although it can be a very easy test for those people who don’t take drugs and don’t throw fits about it