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Literature review on the effects of child marriages
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Child marriage is defined as a child being married under 18 years of age. In the United States today, thousands of children under 18 have married adult men, often with approval from their parents and local judges. There are several factors why child marriage should be prohibited in the United States some of which are against human rights, the risk of a child’s health, gender inequality & abuse to a child.
Child marriage should be prohibited because it is against human rights. It harms girl’s rights to education, equality, health and a life without violence and exploitation. It can also sometimes be considered a form of slavery. 71% of girls are modern slave victims, while 25% are children. According to Anti-Slavery International, child marriage can be considered a form of slavery when a child is forced to marry against their will or consent. Or when a child is being abused and/or threatened. Women are being denied the chance to get an education and are rushed to become housewives at an early age. It is still not clear whether child marriage causes children to drop out of school or vice versa. However, it is clear that when a child marries this means that the child will no longer further their education and now has
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In most cases young girl’s get married to older men when they are still children. Child marriage harms girls, their families, and nations around the world. It should be considered forced marriage because it is without their consent and against their will that they are married. While child marriage is still allowed in all 50 states, people are beginning to discuss the issue. Although, it is extremely rare where a 15-year-old, much less someone younger, is mature enough to handle a marriage. The power to stop them from being put into that position lies within the hands and the responsibility of the parents, governors and
This essay will first address the statute used and interpretation of the threshold test by the courts, and then focus on cases involving vulnerable children to assess whether the statute in The Children Act 1989 is sufficient in protecting these children from harm. I will look at the argument in favour of the current approach taken by the courts, and the counter-argument in favour of changing the current approach. The arguments are delicately balanced and the law is always developing, so it will be interesting to see how the Supreme Court resolves this issue in future.
Some of these marriages are extremely dysfunctional while others seem to be practical. These marriages are considered different from forced marriages and are an acceptable type of marriage in Afghan society. Some arranged marriages lead to poor or horrific outcomes for the brides in order to separate from her spouse. Occasionally these marriages shift into being forced marriages. In the article “Afghan girls bound by family betrothals” the author states “In Kapisa province, just north of Kabul, an 18-year-old girl shot and killed herself because her family would not break off her three-year-engagement to a drug addict.” This exhibits how certain family’s decisions for their children are atrocious. In addition it shows how an arranged marriage turned into a forced marriage. At times young women may run away from as a threat tactic to their family reported by the article “Afghan girls bound by family betrothals.” A 17-year-old girl who ran away from her home for a few days resulted in her parents letting her marry the man that she loved rather than who they set her up with. This shows how some parents would be tolerant enough to let his own daughter marry the person she
Statutory rape laws and child marriage laws greatly clash. According to Cocca, “of all brides in 1970, 13% were under 18; in 1980, 8.2%, and in 1990 3.7%. Of all grooms 1970 2.1 were under 18; in 1980 1.3% and in 1990 0.6” (Cocca, 2004). Yes over time the percentage of adults and minors getting married has dwindled, but it was not right to go along with in the first place. In some states...
Although the legal age is 17, under a legal provision for “exceptional circumstances” a family can apply for the consent of the courts to legally marry off a child who is younger than the established legal age. However, what is considered an “exceptional circumstance” is rather vague. Although Turkey already has laws in place to protect children, countless young underage girls are married off by their families each year.
Marriage is one of those things most women and some men look forward to in life. This generation is different from the rest of the generations before, where you had to get married by a certain age and follow a standard of living. Nowadays everyone has the option of getting married or not. There is so much individuality, and liberty to do whatever we please without lives that we can marry the same sex. Even if a couple does marry and say their vows that should mean so much to them, they are getting divorced the next day. “Among adults who have been married, the study discovered that one-third (33%) have experienced at least one divorce. That means that among all Americans 18 years of age or older, whether they have been married or not, 25% have gone through a marital split (New Marriage).” “Around the world, people are marrying later and divorcing often (Sernau).” Now that this epidemic of marriage and divorce has taken place over the last few generations parenting suffers a great deal.
My most significant research experience has been through the Winter-Cohen Brueggeman Fellowship. As a 2015-2016 Brueggeman fellow, I focused the area of my research on finding strategies that can be used to end the social evil of child marriage. In my research, I studied factors that cause child marriage and analyzed factors that lead to the increase and decrease of child marriage. My study analyzed countries where child marriage is rampant and countries where the practice is decreasing. In doing this analysis,
Child marriage is a global issue, transpiring in all parts of the world. Abducted from their home and family, young girls - below eighteen - are married off against their own will not only affecting the girls (mentally and physically) but the country as a whole. The organization, Too Young to Wed, says “… marrying them off at such a young age, they are putting the girls at risk and perpetuation the cycle of powerlessness and poverty.” Child marriages occurred throughout history and still an affair today due to society’s tolerance. And the number of young girls forced to wed increased and will continue to increase if society remains tolerant to this sensitive matter.
According to Reiss F. (2015), in the United States today, thousands of children under the age of 18 have recently taken marital vows- mostly girls married adult men. People have tried arguing that it is illegal since they would be considered underage, but with parental consent it is legal. Women who started off as strong and independent slowly finished off as scared and ashamed. The women were scared because they had no say in denying the marriage and they couldn’t stop whatever was occurring, such as sexual contact, or abuse. They were ashamed because their friends would judge them if they ended up having children and just for how their lives changed. From possibly living with family and going to school, to then move away from your family
Girls all over the world are forced into marriages due to financial necessity, tradition and to ensure their future. Most of these girls married are at a young age: “One third of the world’s girls are married before the age of 18 and 1 in 9 are married before the age of 15”( “Child Marriage Facts and Figures”). The young ages of those being married reveal how crucial it is to resolve this problem. When child marriage occurs the parents of the bride usually chose the groom for their daughters; and these grooms can be three times older than the young brides. Some children are brought into the world of marriage at the of 8 or sometimes less depending on their cultural views. The following can be used to help reduce the impact of early marriage: reinforcing laws that are passed against child marriages, and providing information on contraceptives to victims of early marriage. The most efficient way of resolving the problem of child marriage is through educating the people who practice it about its adverse effects.
Have you ever watched the show “Teen Mom” and wondered why most of the mothers aren’t with the father of their child? Well, most teens that get together don’t last very long, just like how teen marriages don’t last. Although not all of the couples on the show were married, most of them were together at one point and separated at one point as well. That’s just one example that shows that most teen marriages don’t end up lasting. Although they always seem to fail, teen marriages were very common in past times. Gordon B. Dahl states that “in Ancient Rome, the appropriate minimum age was regarded as 14 for males and 12 for females” (Dahl 689). Since these early marriages are so likely to fail, it leads to divorce. Dahl also states that “women who marry while in their teens are two/thirds most likely to divorce within 15 years of their marriage compared with women who postpone marriage” (Dahl 691). Such an early marriage was more appropriate back then than it is today. Now a days, most places have laws that forbid marriage under a certain age, without a certain sort of approval. Teens may think getting married at that point in their life is a good idea, but there are a few things that they don’t consider. Some of these things that cause the failure of teen
Child marriage should be banned because children are innocent and have no understanding about living that life so young. “When my parents mentioned marriage, I had no idea what marriage even meant.”-Kamla, indian girl married at age 13 (www.cfr.org)These kids have not the slightest clue what marriage consist of
While the age of marriage is generally on the rise, in many countries, especially among poor, migrant or displaced communities, early marriage – marriage of children and adolescents below the age of eighteen – is still widely practiced. Tremendous number of couples enters marriage without any chance of exercising their right to choose. Some are forced into marriage, others are simply too young to make an informed decision about their partner or about the implications of marriage itself. Studies have shown that teenage married couples are often less advantageous, may come from broken homes, may have little education and work, low status jobs in comparison to those that marry after adolescence. It could be very encouraging if our community established a prohibition on the early marriages, giving a room for young couples’ relationships to grow. I propose to ban early marriages because they bring a lot of flaws in our society and make the young couples face imposing obstacles during their life path.
After being married they no longer receive an education and are not expected to get a job. Aside from the physical abuse associated with child marriage, the loss of an education is the most difficult for girls. Rukhambai, a victim of child marriage wrote,“This wicked practice of child marriage has destroyed the happiness of my life. It comes between me and the things which I prize above all others—study and mental cultivation” (Aljazeera). The countries where child marriages are common are also the ones where females are seen as lesser
‘Pakistan is one of the developing countries and there are various un-researched and ignored problems that are hindering its way to stand out as a stable country. One of those is the violation of human rights. Women rights in Pakistan are freely being violated and there are almost negligible systems working to provide equal rights to women in Pakistan. There is one inconsiderate aspect to women rights and that is the prevalence of child marriages. Government of Pakistan is extremely indulged in its political concerns that it is side-tracking its social problems which are gradually deepening its roots in this society where injustice is not only the story of present but also following as a dark shadow into its future. Since the Pakistan’s government is unable to register all the births in the country, it has become difficult to get an exact numbers of child marriages and, therefore, the prevalence of child marriages cannot be determined accurately, but according to the Pakistan Demographic Health Survey 2012-2013, the fertility rate among girls between 15-19 years is 44 per 1000 women. Therefore, there is a need to realize the reasons and consequences of child marriages so that we can make rational decisions for future and protect the children from these atrocities that are ruining their childhood while injecting them with the responsibilities as of adults. Child marriage should be discouraged as it is a direct opposition to the laws of human rights and it is also one form of the child abuse that affects child’s development like education and other skills and also affects his domestic life severely that can lead to separation, divorce, and emotional disturbance in future. However, the concept of child marriage is eminently prevalen...
Statistics show that in 1998, 2,256,000 couples became married, and 1,135,000 couples became divorced (Fast 1,2). For every two couples getting married, there is one that is getting divorced. In fact, half of ALL marriages end in divorce (Ayer 41). That is a sad reality to face. Those percentage rates increase as the age of the participant’s decrease. It seems these days, fewer and fewer teens between the ages of 14 and 18 are getting married. This is a change for the better. Teens are usually not prepared for marriage. Marriage comes with many responsibilities; most of which teens are not prepared to handle. “Early marriage, though possessing certain inherent dangers, is widely practiced in contemporary America” (Teenage 1). Even if teens feel they have the potential for a lasting marriage, they should still wait to become married.