In chapter 4, which is named, “Cellulose”, is mainly about what products it produces and what effects it had throughout history. Cellulose can be found in most of the plants. For example, the cotton plant has cellulose in it. A reason why slave trade began and continued throughout the years was because of cotton. Cotton was mainly produced in Europe but could be found manufacture in other places. Cellulose can’t be broken down into a smaller molecule so it was a great use for clothing. If cellulose wouldn’t be found no cotton would have been used to produce clothing. With cotton trading routes were extended to the middle east. In chapter 8, it is mainly about how rubber is made from isoprene. We use rubber in a daily basis. Rubber can be found …show more content…
Columbus brought many items from the New World to his community and rubber was one of them. Rubber is made from a polymer of a molecule which can be identified as isoprene. Isoprene has many different types of properties and is considered to be an organic compound. Rubber has taken a big step in the commercial industry and good profit is made from it because we use the product a lot. In chapter 9 is mainly about dyes and how it plays a significant role in our everyday lives. Dyes are considered to be an organic compound. Dyes were first found in plants. One of the earliest uses of dyes was to dye clothing but since the pigment wasn’t strong the dye didn’t last much. As I said earlier dyes could be found in plants. The most color dye that was found in plants was yellow and red. Depending on how the molecule was formed it decided was dye the color was. With dyes being discovered in plants the commercial industry was earning money. Depending on the color you decided to buy it was either expensive or cheap. The prices were taken by how rare the dye was found. For example, Indigo was a rare dye so it was way more expensive than a yellow or red
This chapter beings with the exploration of the Chesapeake area, with the introduction of Bacon’s rebellion. It shows the ripple effects of slavery growing to every inch of the area surrounding the Chesapeake. Berlins next section ranges from the Lowcounty South Carolina, Gerogia, and Florida areas. These areas were more effected by a cash crop and explained the effects that shaped the plantations due to the cash crops. The cash crop sped up the conversion to slave societies and demonstrated a different tone than the conversions upheld by the Chesapeake expansion. His next section demonstrated how the conversion of slavery effected a region, such as the North, indirectly. The explanation of how slavery effected the lives of the north was informational in terms of seeing that slavery was more commercialized for ports and their fertile lands. The Lower Mississippi Valley is the last section Berlin described in the Plantation Generation. He explains that the Mississippi Valley de-evolved from the slave society that it was to just a society with slaves. Family life is the sole message of this section. Explanation of the increase in marriages and their route to surviving in the lower Mississippi
1. The insight that each of these sources offers into slave life in the antebellum South is how slaves lived, worked, and were treated by their masters. The narratives talk about their nature of work, culture, and family in their passages. For example, in Solomon Northup 's passage he describes how he worked in the cotton field. Northup said that "An ordinary day 's work is considered two hundred pounds. A slave who is accustomed to picking, is punished, if he or she brings less quantity than that," (214). Northup explains how much cotton slaves had to bring from the cotton field and if a slave brought less or more weight than their previous weight ins then the slave is whipped because they were either slacking or have no been working to their
Within the economy a great development had been achieved when the upper south handed its power to the lower south all due to the rise of an agricultural production. This expansion was led by the excessive growth of cotton in the southern areas. It spread rapidly throughout America and especially in the South. During these times it gave another reason to keep the slavery at its all time high. Many wealthy planters started a ‘business’ by having their slaves work the cotton plantations, which this was one of a few ways slavery was still in full effect. Not only were there wealthy planters, at this time even if you were a small slave-holder you were still making money. While all of this had been put into the works, Americans had approximately 410,000 slaves move from the upper south to the ‘cotton states’. This in turn created a sale of slaves in the economy to boom throughout the Southwest. If there is a question as to ‘why’, then lets break it d...
Furthermore, Additionally, the slaves suffered a lot because the handpicking process of cottonseeds was time consuming; it required patience picking out the cotto...
During the early 1800’s the demand for cotton had risen and it was now “King” of plantations in the southern region of the United States, where the climate was best suited. Now more then ever, slavery had become an essential component of most every cotton producing plantation. The Southerners knew slavery was wrong, but made justifications for it; within a span of 30 years these justifications had changed due to abolitionist movements (in the northern half of the county) and economic reasons which made cotton and slavery more profitable than ever.
Secondly, the demand for cotton grew tremendously as cotton became an important raw material for the then developing cotton industries in the North and Britain. The growing of cotton revived the Southern economy and the plantations spread across the south, and by 1850 the southern U.S produced more than 80% of cotton all over the world. As this cotton based economy of the south grew so did the slave labor to work in these large scale plantations since they were more labor-intensive...
The author, Peter Kolchin, tried to interpret the true history of slavery. He wants the readers to understand the depth to which the slaves lived under bondage. In the book, he describes the history of the Colonial era and how slavery began. He shows us how the eighteenth century progressed and how American slavery developed. Then it moves onto the American Revolution, and how the American slaves were born into class. It was this time that slave population was more than twice it had been. The Revolutionary War had a major impact on slavery and on the slaves.
During the many events and troubles that were occurring throughout the late 40s and 50s, tensions have increased between the North and South. South was on the edge of secession since they were threatening to get what they want, more land to continue the growth of slavery and expand their operations and sources of income. The North didn't want that to happen since more land given to the South would lead to even more political problems and it would leave the North at a disadvantage. The North and the world were dependent on access to cotton, said Hammond. The commodity that was processed by both northern and European manufactures. Worldwide industry would come to halt if not for the availability of cotton. Hammond then goes on to mention that if the South were to stop producing and selling cotton for 3 years, all places of civilization will start to collapse, and they would feel obligated to help the South and obtain their cotton again. Since the price of cotton increased in the South, it was cheaper to get cotton from Egypt and India and supply it to European
Secondly land was a major thing that drove the sugar trade. In document 1, its shows a map of the West Indies. The West Indies is where a lot of the sugar was grown, Why? Because in order to grow sugar you need hot, humid climate, the West Indies have that hot, humid climate to produce sugar.
...e to the invention of the cotton gin that made it possible to clean 50 times the amount of cotton then previously. The once dwindling practice of slave trade gained new wind and brought many more into slavery.
I’m quite amazed that the rules were instead implied for the development of smooth working environment in the plantation. I admire Bennet’s management of employing 200 slaves to work in his cotton plantation in well fashioned manner. He is in peace with all his slaves and from the document it is obvious that all his workers are happy with their master as he is paying good, taking care of all their needs, and allows them to go visit somewhere after the completion of certain amount of work he expects from them. Moreover, he has treated them equally and shown great interest in them to make them feel at home. He sure knew how to get best out from his worker. I was quite fascinated to learn about Bennet asking their worker to come clean with their head well combed and in proper uniform, which he believed would provide pride to everyone and master overall. He has shown the true leadership skills and leading example to other slave owners. During the period of 1840s, as described in textbook, cotton became the predominant American exports. They were exported to Great Britain that boasted the economy of the southern states and planters as well. I believe that cotton produced from Barrow’s plantation aided the major percentage of cotton experts. In conclusion Bennet has strictly exercised the rules in the plantation for the creating the healthy work
In the late 1700’s the slave population in the United States had decreased. Before the invention of the cotton gin the South, which could only make money by farming, was loosing money because it didn’t have a major crop to export to England and the North besides tobacco and rice. However, these crops could be grown elsewhere. Cotton was the key because it couldn’t be grown in large amounts in other places, but only one type of cotton that could be cleaned easily. This was long-staple cotton. Another problem arose; long-staple cotton only could be grown along the coast. There was another strain of cotton that until then could not be cleaned easily so it wasn’t worth growing. The cotton gin was the solution to this problem. With the invention of the cotton gin short stemmed cotton could be cleaned easily making cotton a valued export and it could be grown anywhere in the south. The era of the “Cotton Kingdom” began with this invention leading into an explosion in the necessity of slaves.
Many industries like papers, textiles, gasoline, and leather are huge users of azo dyes which contains the largest group of substitute organic chemicals. The waste produced from these industries and resulting by-products have both metal ions and dyes. These waste products become hazardous when present in the surroundings. The insolvable dyes have low decomposability and only 45–47% dyes materials are known as biodegradable (Rauf and Ashraf., 2012)...
The use of natural fibers in clothing has been found to date back to the 6th and 7th centuries. Recently, scientists have discovered clothing and rugs made from natural fibers during the excavation of an area notorious for its information about the Swiss cave dwellers of the 6th century. Natural fibers are still being used every day, all around the world, by a myriad of people. They are used in everything from clothing to paper, from rubber to rugs and carpets. Widely available all over the world, natural fibers are very popular for use in cl...
With the expansion of technology available to the textile industry emerged a growing want among those who produced the textiles for new colors. When this problem arose, textile producers called upon the chemistry industry to help lessen the need for textile producers to rely upon natural methods of bleaching such as sun, rain, sour milk, and urine (Britannica). While these methods had been practiced for centuries, the industry saw a definite want for a new and more efficient method of bleaching. From this point forth, chemistry’s role in the Industrial Revolution not only led to innovations in bleaching, but also led to great changes in the practice of chemistry, as we know it. In the mid-1700’s, a chemist named John Roebuck solved the problems of the textile industry with his invention of a new method for mass producing a chemical by-product known as sulfuric acid in lead chambers (Encarta 97). This discovery paved the way for sulfuric acid’s use in bleaching, and eventually led to the production of chlorine bleach, a common household product today.